Peters type polynomials and numbers and their generating functions: Approach with p‐adic integral method

The aim of this paper is to introduce and investigate some of the primary generalizations and unifications of the Peters polynomials and numbers by means of convenient generating functions and p‐adic integrals method. Various fundamental properties of these polynomials and numbers involving some explicit series and integral representations in terms of the generalized Stirling numbers, generalized harmonic sums, and some well‐known special numbers and polynomials are presented. By using p‐adic integrals, we construct generating functions for Peters type polynomials and numbers (Apostol‐type Peters numbers and polynomials). By using these functions with their partial derivative eqautions and functional equations, we derive many properties, relations, explicit formulas, and identities including the Apostol‐Bernoulli polynomials, the Apostol‐Euler polynomials, the Boole polynomials, the Bernoulli polynomials, and numbers of the second kind, generalized harmonic sums. A brief revealing and historical information for the Peters type polynomials are given. Some of the formulas given in this article are given critiques and comments between previously well‐known formulas. Finally, two open problems for interpolation functions for Apostol‐type Peters numbers and polynomials are revealed.     

Degenerate and character Dedekind sums

In this paper, we study on two subjects. We first construct degenerate analogues of Dedekind sums in the sense of Apostol, Carlitz and Takács, and prove the corresponding reciprocity formulas. Secondly, we define generalized Dedekind character sums, which are explicit extensions of Berndt's definition, and prove the reciprocity laws. From the derived reciprocity laws, we obtain Berndt's reciprocity laws as special cases.     

A generating function of higher-dimensional Apostol-Zagier sums and its reciprocity law

We introduce higher-dimensional Dedekind sums with a complex parameter z, generalizing Zagier's higher-dimensional Dedekind sums. The sums tend to Zagier's higher-dimensional Dedekind sums as z→∞. We show that the sums turn out to be generating functions of higher-dimensional Apostol-Zagier sums which are defined to be hybrids of Apostol's sums and Zagier's sums. We prove reciprocity law for the sums. The new reciprocity law includes reciprocity formulas for both Apostol and Zagier's sums as its special case. Furthermore, as its application we obtain relations between special values of Hurwitz zeta function and Bernoulli numbers, as well as new trigonometric identities.     

Elliptic Apostol sums and their reciprocity laws

We introduce an elliptic analogue of the Apostol sums, which we call elliptic Apostol sums. These sums are defined by means of certain elliptic functions with a complex parameter having positive imaginary part. When , these elliptic Apostol sums represent the well-known Apostol generalized Dedekind sums. Also these elliptic Apostol sums are modular forms in the variable . We obtain a reciprocity law for these sums, which gives rise to new relations between certain modular forms (of one variable).

     

Dedekind sums with a parameter in finite fields

We first introduce the multiple Dedekind–Rademacher sum with a parameter in finite fields and establish its reciprocity law. We then construct an analog of the higher-dimensional Apostol–Dedekind sums, and establish their reciprocity laws using the parameterized Dedekind sum.     

A new class of generalized Apostol–Bernoulli polynomials and some analogues of the Srivastava–Pintér addition theorem

The main purpose of this paper is to introduce and investigate a new class of generalized Apostol–Bernoulli polynomials based on a definition given by Natalini and Bernardini (2003) [22] for the generalized Bernoulli polynomials. We obtain a generalization of the Srivastava–Pintér addition theorem (Srivastava and Pintér (2004) [23]). We also give a list of expressions involving special functions that could be used to obtain some analogues of the Srivastava–Pintér addition theorem. Finally, we give an analogue featuring the new class of generalized Apostol–Bernoulli polynomials.     

Dedekind和的一个性质

Ｄｅｄｅｋｉｎｄ和的Ｋｎｏｐｐ等式是与Ｈｅｃｋｅ算子有关的一个算术性质，本文不借助ｅｔａ－函数的概念，给予Ｋｎｏｐｐ等式的一个简短的初等证明，同时把Ｋｎｏｐｐ等式拓广到广义Ｄｅｄｅｋｉｎｄ和中。     

Srivastava–Pintér theorems for 2D‐Appell polynomials and their applications

Recently, Srivastava and Pintér proved addition theorems for the generalized Bernoulli and Euler polynomials. Luo and Srivastava obtained the anologous results for the generalized Apostol–Bernoulli polynomials and the generalized Apostol–Euler polynomials. Finally, Tremblay et al. gave analogues of the Srivastava–Pintér addition theorem for general family of Bernoulli polynomials. In this paper, we obtain Srivastava–Pintér type theorems for 2D‐Appell Polynomials. We also give the representation of 2D‐Appell Polynomials in terms of the Stirling numbers of the second kind and 1D‐Appell polynomials. Furthermore, we introduce the unified 2D‐Apostol polynomials. In particular, we obtain some relations between that family of polynomials and the generalized Hurwitz–Lerch zeta function as well as the Gauss hypergeometric function. Finally, we present some applications of Srivastava–Pintér type theorems for 2D‐Appell Polynomials. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

On generalized Dedekind sums

In this paper we give a simple proof for the reciprocity formula for the generalized Dedekind sums and derive an explicit expression for these sums.     

广义Dedekind和与Hardy和

本文给出了广义Dedekind和与Hardy和的定义,研究了广义Dedekind和的算术性质,并把Hardy和表示成广义Dedekind和的形式．提出了广义Subrahmanyam等式和Knopp定理,并给出了证明．     

On formulas for Dedekind sums and the number of lattice points in tetrahedra

This paper explores a simple yet powerful relationship between the problem of counting lattice points and the computation of Dedekind sums. We begin by constructing and proving a sharp upper estimate for the number of lattice points in tetrahedra with some irrational coordinates for the vertices. Besides providing a sharper estimate, this upper bound (Theorem 1.1) becomes an equality (i.e. gives the exact number of lattice points) in a tetrahedron where the lengths of the edges divide each other. This equality condition can then be applied to the explicit computation of the classical Dedekind sums, a topic that is the central focus in the second half of our paper. In this half of the paper, we come up with a number of interesting results related to Dedekind sums, based on our upper estimate (Theorem 1.1). Among these findings, Theorem 1.9 and Theorem 1.10 deserve special attention, for they successfully generalize two of Apostol's formulas in [T.M. Apostol, Modular Functions and Dirichlet Series in Number Theory, Springer-Verlag, New York, 1997], and also directly imply the famous Reciprocity Law of Dedekind sums.     

Sums of products of Apostol–Bernoulli numbers

By expressing the sums of products of the Apostol?CBernoulli polynomials in terms of the special values of multiple Hurwitz?CLerch zeta functions at non-positive integers, we obtain the sums of products identity for the Apostol?CBernoulli numbers which is an analogue of the classical sums of products identity for Bernoulli numbers dating back to Euler.     

Values of zeta functions at negative integers, Dedekind sums and toric geometry

We study relations among special values of zeta functions, invariants of toric varieties, and generalized Dedekind sums. In particular, we use invariants arising in the Todd class of a toric variety to give a new explicit formula for the values of the zeta function of a real quadratic field at nonpositive integers. We also express these invariants in terms of the generalized Dedekind sums studied previously by several authors. The paper includes conceptual proofs of these relations and explicit computations of the various zeta values and Dedekind sums involved.

     

Dedekind和及第一类Chebyshev多项式

本文利用分析方法、Dedekind和及第一类Chebyshev多项式的算术性质,研究了一类关于Dedekind和及第一类Chebyshev多项式混合均值的渐近估计问题,并得到了一个较强的渐近公式.     

A short note on Dedekind sums

We will give a new proof for the fact that the values of Dedekind sums are dense on the real line.     

Applications aux sommes elliptiques d'Apostol–Dedekind–Zagier

In this Note, we give two applications to our work [Bayad, C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, Ser. I 339 (2004); DOI: 10.1016/j.crma.2004.07.018] concerning multiple elliptic Apostol–Dedekind–Zagier sums. These elliptic sums are defined by means of certain Jacobi modular forms of two variables $D_{\tau }(z\text{;}\phi )$. When $\text{Im}(\tau )\to \infty$, these elliptic sums give the classical Apostol–Dedekind–Zagier multiple sums [Apostol, Duke Math. J. 17 (1950) 147–157, Pacific. J. Math 2 (1952) 1–9; Zagier, Math. Ann, 202 (1973) 149–172]. We give a reciprocity law for these sums. To cite this article: A. Bayad, C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, Ser. I 339 (2004).     

An identity involving Dedekind sums and generalized Kloosterman sums

The various properties of classical Dedekind sums S(h, q) have been investi-gated by many authors. For example, Yanni Liu and Wenpeng Zhang: A hybrid mean value related to the Dedekind sums and Kloosterman sums, Acta Mathematica Sinica, 27 (2011), 435–440 studied the hybrid mean value properties involving Dedekind sums and generalized Kloosterman sums K(m, n, r; q). The main purpose of this paper, is using the analytic methods and the properties of character sums, to study the computational problem of one kind of hybrid mean value involving Dedekind sums and generalized Kloosterman sums, and give an interesting identity.     

The elliptic Apostol–Dedekind sums generate odd Dedekind symbols with Laurent polynomial reciprocity laws

Dedekind symbols are generalizations of the classical Dedekind sums (symbols). There is a natural isomorphism between the space of Dedekind symbols with Laurent polynomial reciprocity laws and the space of modular forms. We will define a new elliptic analogue of the Apostol–Dedekind sums. Then we will show that the newly defined sums generate all odd Dedekind symbols with Laurent polynomial reciprocity laws. Our construction is based on Machide’s result (J Number Theory 128:1060–1073, 2008) on his elliptic Dedekind–Rademacher sums. As an application of our results, we discover Eisenstein series identities which generalize certain formulas by Ramanujan (Collected Papers of Srinivasa Ramanujan, pp. 136–162. AMS Chelsea Publishing, Providence, 2000), van der Pol (Indag Math 13:261–271, 272–284, 1951), Rankin (Proc R Soc Edinburgh Sect A 76:107–117, 1976) and Skoruppa (J Number Theory 43:68–73, 1993).