基于灰度信息的动场景视频序列中运动对象的提取

提出了一种基于视频序列灰度信息的运动对象提取方法。该方法采用改进的Sobel算子提取边缘图像,依据边缘信息将视频图像分割为不同的灰度连续区域。在各灰度连续区域中,选取特征点进行匹配获得特征点对。根据特征点对合并灰度连续区域,获得全局运动参数。采用具有自适应帧间隔的帧差交集法,获得图像中运动对象区域。结合灰度信息和运动信息,分割出运动对象。实验结果表明,该算法可以有效地将运动对象从视频序列中提取出来。     

基于数学形态学的弱点状运动目标的检测

提出了一种新的基于数学形态学的红外图像序列中弱点状运动目标的非参数检测算法。采用数学形态学抑制背景杂波干扰和增强目标,用沿时间轴投影和二维空域搜索代替复杂的时空三维搜索形成组合帧,然后在每条可能的轨迹上将进行目标能量累加,实现了一种快速检测前跟踪(TBD)检测算法。仿真实验表明:在恒虚警概率条件下,该检测算法能高效地检测信噪比约为2的弱点状运动目标,检测性能对噪声分布不敏感,能精确地得到目标的即时位置和速度信息,适合于实时图像处理和目标探测,具有很高的实用价值。     

运动背景下的帧间稳像技术

针对运动背景下帧间稳像技术,提出了一种带运动矢量修正的灰度投影运动估计算法。采用该算法分别对当前帧和参考帧的行、列计算灰度投影序列;将当前帧投影序列局部分块,分别将每一分块与参考帧行、列投影曲线进行互相关计算,得到基于局部投影的行、列运动矢量集合;以分块区域的相关置信度为权系数衡量参数,计算每一分块的像素位移权值,从而计算某一方向帧间的加权运动矢量。实验结果表明：该方法可以使运动目标造成的影响只作用于其中若干个局部分块,而其他分块不受此影响,尽可能保证稳像的准确性。采用该方法稳像后的图像与参考帧图像的均方根误差（RMSE）值明显下降,与参考帧图像更加吻合。     

基于目标识别的红外与微光图像融合方法

 为了在融合图像中突出运动目标,提出了一种基于动态目标检测和识别的图像融合算法。先对红外图像序列中的运动目标进行检测和提取,同时对红外和微光图像进行融合,最后将提取到的红外目标与融合图像进行二次融合。试验结果表明,该算法获得的融合图像不仅具有普通融合算法信息丰富的特点,还具有鲜明的红外目标指示特性。     

一种双通道夜视图像彩色融合系统

提出了一种双通道夜视图像的彩色融合系统。利用Matrox Meteor-Ⅱ多通道图像采集卡获取双通道微光与红外视频图像．通过仿MIT,BIT．TNO．线性组合和混合结构等图像融合结构实现微光／微光和微光／红外图像的彩色融合处理。系统彩色图像融合处理是在VC++6．0环境下运用采集卡图像函数库实现的。建立的实验平台为彩色夜视融合算法的评价和进一步的研究奠定了基础。     

A novel compression algorithm for infrared thermal image sequence based on K-means method

High resolution in space and time is becoming the new trend of thermographic inspection of equipments, therefore, the development of a fast and precise processing and data store technique of high resolution thermal image should be well studied. This article will propose a novel global compression algorithm, which will provide an effective way to improve the precision and processing speed of thermal image data. This new algorithm is based on the decay of the temperature of thermograph and the feature of thermal image morphology. Firstly, it will sort the data in space according to K-means method. Then it will employ classic fitting calculation to fit all the typical temperature decay curves. At last, it will use the fitting parameters of the curves as the parameters for compression and reconstruction of thermal image sequence to achieve the method for which the thermal image sequence can be compressed in space and time simultaneously. To validate the proposed new algorithm, the authors used two embedded defective specimens made of different materials to do the experiment. The results show that the proposed infrared thermal image sequence compression processing algorithm is an effective solution with high speed and high precision. Compared to the conventional method, the global compression algorithm is not only noise resistant but also can improve the computing speed in hundreds of times.     

一种改进的代表点匹配算法在稳像技术中的应用

提出一种用于电子稳像技术改进的代表点匹配算法。通过合理的划分区域,保证在区域内各点运动的一致性,利用代表点匹配算法确定各区域内的运动矢量,并把其代入变换模型可得关于旋转、平移和变焦等信息的线性方程组,求其方程的解得全局运动矢量。利用该方法的特点是,具有速度快,并能求出平移运动和旋转运动参数,实现图像运动的平移和旋转补偿。实验表明,改进的稳像算法对于提高动态图像的稳定性具有较好的效果。     

A novel method of fast dynamic optical image stabilization precision measurement based on CCD

Dynamic image stabilization precision is a key technical indicator in optical image-stable device, however, the fast dynamic test is difficult to implement. A novel fast dynamic image stabilization precision testing system for optical image-stable instrument is developed. The large-aperture collimator with the designed cross divisional board is used to simulate the infinity goal. A motion simulator with six-degree of freedom is adopted to simulate the moving state of the installed image-stable instrument. Combined with the optical lens designed in accordance with the analysis of the whole optical system in detail, the high speed camera installed behind the eyepiece lens of the measured device acquires images rapidly and real-timely. The local energy maxima center of the cross light spot can be obtained accurately through the proposed fast image stabilization precision test algorithm on the basis of Hessian matrix. The actual test results show that the test error of dynamic image stabilization in the proposed method of this paper is less than 0.7″, and the time of the frame image acquisition and processing is not more than 10 ms, which demonstrates the effectiveness of the test equipment and algorithm.     

基于灰度投影改进的电子稳像

针对灰度投影算法运用于存在局部运动目标的情况下,稳像效果较差并且可能产生错稳这一问题,在分析灰度投影基本理论的基础上,提出一种改进的灰度投影算法:局部运动物体位置估计方法和像素替代法。利用灰度值的改变和像素替代的方法,把局部运动物体去除,再进行稳像处理。通过实验验证,该方法可以解决图像中存在运动物体时发生的错稳情况。比较改进前与改进后的稳像效果,改进后的PSRN（峰值信噪比）提高了1.35。     

星空背景下的运动点目标轨迹提取

针对星空图像中运动点目标轨迹难于提取的问题,提出了有限帧最小二乘轨迹关联算法。采用相邻帧差分、自适应阈值分割、连通域处理和质心计算等步骤实现了疑似目标的定位。根据星点目标运动轨迹近似为直线、运动的连续性和相关性等特点,利用有限帧最小二乘线性拟合预测目标位置,以预测位置为中心开搜索窗,关联匹配真实目标,并通过置信度检验确认并提取目标运动轨迹。整套算法简单,易于实现,通过实拍星图实验,验证了该算法效果好,实时性强。     

基于稳定矩阵的动态图像运动目标检测

为了对视频序列中的运动目标进行快速、准确地提取,提出了一种自适应背景模型估计方法.利用背景与前景图像在时域中不同的变化特性,构造图像的稳定矩阵函数,通过稳定矩阵元素的变化自动区分背景点和前景点,并对稳定矩阵设置上、下饱和值,使算法能在短时间内自动感知背景的突变,从而快速地建立背景图像模型并对其实时更新.同时还分析了动态图像序列的配准问题,选取局部特征模板图像,采用投影匹配原理简化计算,快速估计出全局运动矢量.实验证明,背景估计算法收敛速度快,只需10 frame图像即可建立稳定背景,对于500 pixel×200 pixel动态图像序列,整个算法时间只需35 ms,完全满足工程上25 frame/s处理能力的要求.     

Kalman filter based initial guess estimation for digital image correlation

In applications digital image correlation based algorithms often present a basis for analysis of movement/deformation of bodies. The sequence of the obtained images is analyzed for this purpose. Especially, in cases when the body׳s movement/deformation between two successive images is significant, the initial guess can have a major influence on the execution speed of the algorithm. In the worst case it can even cause the divergence of the algorithm. This was the inspiration to develop a new and unique approach for an accurate and reliable determination of an initial guess for each image pixel. Kalman filter has been used for this purpose. It uses past measurements of observed variable(s) for calculations. Beside that it also incorporates state space model of the actual system. This is one of the most important advantages provided by Kalman filter. The determined initial guess by the proposed method is actually close to the true one and it enables fast convergence. Even more important property of this approach is the fact that it is not path-dependant because each image pixel, which is defined in ROI, is tracked through the sequence of images based on its own past measurements and general state space model. Consequently, the proposed method can be used to analyze tasks where discontinuities between image pixels are present. The applied method can be used to predict an initial guess where reference and deformed subsets are related by translational and rotational motion. The advantages mentioned above are verified with numerical and real experiments. The experimental validations are performed by NR (Newton–Raphson) approach which is the most widely used. Beside NR method the presented algorithm is applicable for other registration methods as well. It is used as an addition for calculation of initial guesses in a sequence of deformed images.     

鲁棒的车载红外视频电子稳像算法

针对车辆行进中,红外热像仪拍摄的视频序列存在复杂的随机抖动,提出基于BRISK特征点匹配的运动估计算法,计算出高精度全局运动矢量,同时对于特征点匹配时出现误匹配及场景中存在前景运动物体的情况,采用模糊聚类法分离全局运动和局部运动,提高了算法的鲁棒性。提出了基于Kalman粒子滤波算法,有效实现了复杂扫描运动和随机抖动的分离,并利用双线性插值法进行图像补偿。采用快速图像拼接法进行未定义区域处理,实现了图像全景输出。还利用车载红外热像仪实际拍摄的红外视频进行了稳像实验。实验结果表明,视频序列获得了很好的稳像效果,能够满足实际应用要求。     

移位帧累积技术中的移位参数检测研究

移位帧累积技术在抑制图像噪声的同时,避免了运动图像直接帧累积所带来的边缘模糊,从而有效地提高了运动图像的像质。准确判定目标在图像中的运动方向及移位量是移位帧累积技术的关键。提出了一种适用于运动图像序列的目标移位参数快速检测方法。该方法通过相应算法产生包含特征像素的帧差图像,并通过对特征像素的统计进行目标运动方向的判别及移位量的计算,从而实现对目标运动参数的自动检测。实验结果表明移位量的检测值与实际值具有良好的一致性。     

Compressed sensing MR image reconstruction using a motion-compensated reference

Compressed sensing (CS)-based methods have been proposed for image reconstruction from undersampled magnetic resonance data. Recently, CS-based schemes using reference images have also been proposed to further reduce the sampling requirement. In this study, we propose a new reference-constrained CS reconstruction method that accounts for the misalignment between the reference and the target image to be reconstructed. The proposed method uses a new image model that represents the target image as a linear combination of a motion-dependent reference image and a sparse difference image. We then use an efficient iterative algorithm to jointly estimate the motion parameters and the difference image from sparsely sampled data. Simulation results from a numerical phantom data set and an in vivo data set show that the proposed method can accurately compensate the motion effects between the reference and the target images and improve reconstruction quality. The proposed method should prove useful for several applications such as interventional imaging, longitudinal imaging studies and dynamic contrast-enhanced imaging.     

基于运动估计和ROI编码的干涉多光谱图像压缩

根据干涉多光谱图像的谱间相关性和光谱分布特点,提出一种基于运动估计和感兴趣区域编码的干涉多光谱图像压缩方法.为了去除多光谱图像的谱间相关性,采用运动估计法,对补偿后的图像(即预测误差)进行小波变换及率失真优化截取内嵌码块编码.同时采用率失真斜率提升的感兴趣区域编码方法,更好地保护光谱信息,使图像在相同的光谱分辨率下具有更好的空间分辨率.实验结果与基于三维小波变换的压缩方法以及比特平面移位的感兴趣区域编码方法相比,本文所提方法能有效改善恢复图像质量,提高编码效率,更好地保护光谱信息.     

基于多相组重建的航空图像超分辨率算法

为提高航空图像的空间分辨率, 提出一种基于多相组重建的超分辨率算法. 融合图像间的互补信息, 将多帧低分辨率图像作为图像基, 参考帧分解为多相组, 利用差异采样特性构建图像基与参考帧之间的的多相组线性关系重建得到高分辨率图像的多项组, 经图像多相分解逆变换获得融合的高分辨率图像. 根据该融合图像的局部内容和结构信息自适应调整控制核核函数, 应用改进的控制核回归算法去除图像模糊和噪声得到清晰的超分辨率图像. 与传统算法相比, 该算法无需图像配准和迭代过程, 计算效率极大地提高. 实验结果表明, 本文算法能够有效提高航空图像的空间分辨率, 在定量评价指标和主观视觉效果方面都有显著提高.     

基于实时帧迭代反向投影算法的图像序列超分辨率处理

提出一种实时帧迭代反向投影算法实现对图像序列的超分辨率处理。通过建立虚拟全景图像及其迭代权阵,实现迭代反向投影的逐帧处理,从而可实时地对视频图像序列作超分辨率处理。另外还采用了基于光流计算的分层迭代图像配准、双线性插值模拟采样、阈值先验约束、坐标系同步变换等技术来提高算法的有效性。通过对仿真和实际视频序列的处理对算法进行了验证。     

基于特征匹配的快速鲁棒数字稳像

针对手持移动摄像装置拍摄视频序列相邻帧间存在平移、小角度旋转运动,而且易受噪声、光照变化的影响等问题,提出一种基于优化Oriented FAST and rotated BRIEF(ORB)特征匹配的实时鲁棒电子稳像算法。对相邻帧预处理后用Oriented FAST算子检测特征点,再用Rotated BRIEF描述提取的特征点并采用近邻汉明距离匹配特征点对,然后采用级联滤波去除误匹配点对,最后使用迭代最小二乘法(ILSM)拟合模型参量进行运动补偿实现稳像。图像匹配测试和稳像实验结果表明:基于改进的ORB算法的电子稳像方法补偿每一帧的时间均小于0.1 s,定位精度可达亚像素级,能有效补偿帧间平移旋转运动,而且对噪声和光照变化有较强鲁棒性。经稳像处理后,实拍视频质量明显提高,峰值信噪比（PSNR）平均提高了10 db。     

基于几何代数的彩色光流场计算

提出了一种新的基于几何代数的彩色光流场计算方法.从新的角度出发讨论了运用几何代数的概念来解决彩色图像序列的可行性和简便性.在几何代数域内对彩色图像序列用多重矢量表示,证明了彩色光流场分析时进行约束条件时的测量问题,通过多重矢量而非多通道的图像处理方法来表示图像连续特性,从而扩大了测量范围;然后依据物体色彩在运动过程中保持不变的原理,在几何代数域内推导了彩色图像序列的光流约束方程及其解法.结果表明,该算法能够显著提高各种情况下的彩色光流场计算能力.