预测水驱油藏中油、水流动问题的快速方法

以最佳正交分解(POD)技术为基础提出了一种快速预测油藏中油、水流动问题的方法.采用POD技术建立了水驱油藏中油、水两相流动的低阶模型.通过油藏数值模拟方法获得二维水驱油藏模型在时间0～500 d内的压力和含水饱和度的100个样本, 并从样本中提取出一组压力和含水饱和度的POD基函数.当注采参数不断变化后,采用已求得的POD基函数结合低阶模型对新的物理场进行预测.研究结果表明:POD方法能够快速、准确地预测出水驱油藏的压力和含水饱和度场,文中算例给出压力和含水饱和度场的预测误差分别不超过1.2%与1.5%,且计算速度比直接进行油藏数值模拟快50倍以上.     

交通流模型基于特征投影分解技术的外推降维有限差分格式

利用特征正交分解(proper orthogonal decomposition,简记为POD)技术研究交通流的Aw-Rascle-Zhang(ARZ)模型. 建立一种基于 POD方法维数较低的外推降维有限差分格式, 并用数值例子检验数值计算结果与理论结果相吻合, 进一步表明基于POD方法的外推降维有限差分格式对于求解交通流方程数值解是可行和有效的.     

基于POD方法带Poisson跳的随机扩散流行病模型数值模拟

将特征正交分解(proper orthogonal decomposition,简记为POD)方法结合有限元方法应用于带Poisson跳的扩散流行病模型,简化其为一个具有较低维数和较高精度的有限元格式,并给出POD有限元解和通常有限元解的误差分析.数值例子表明在POD有限元降维解和通常有限元解之间的误差足够小的情况下,POD有限元方法能大大地降低维数,提高计算速度和计算精度,从而验证带Poisson跳的随机扩散流行病模型的POD有限元格式是可行和有效的.     

一种基于相渗资料与动态数据的裂缝和基质水驱动用程度计算方法

利用水驱油机理研究裂缝性油藏注水开发过程中裂缝系统、基质系统产量贡献与采收率变化规律,对制定油田开发技术政策具有重要意义.根据注采守恒原理和渗吸机理,利用Welge水驱方程,推导了水驱开发过程中裂缝系统、基质系统的产油量、采出程度计算方法.该方法基于相渗资料和动态数据,利用Welge水驱方程通过产出端含水率计算裂缝系统含水饱和度,采用注采守恒原理计算裂缝系统、基质系统的存水量,根据渗吸机理计算裂缝系统、基质系统水驱储量采出程度,最终计算得到水驱开发过程中裂缝系统、基质系统的含水饱和度、含水率、产油量与采出程度变化情况.实例计算表明,该方法能够表征裂缝性油藏水驱开发过程中裂缝系统、基质系统的含水变化特征与水驱开发规律,可为制定该类油田开发技术政策提供依据.     

相场方程的高效数值算法

本文回顾求解相场方程数值方法的一些最新进展.数值求解相场方程的主要难点在于非线性项和高阶微分项对时间步长有严格限制,而相场方程的数值模拟通常需要很长的计算时间才能达到稳定状态.众所周知,相场模型满足一种称为能量稳定的非线性稳定关系,通常表示为自由能泛函随时间递减.如何设计满足离散能量稳定的数值格式,使得可以进行大时间步长同时又准确地模拟,近来越来越受到重视.本文将针对一些常见的相场方程阐述几类广泛使用的高效数值格式,以及基于能量随时间的变化率而设计的一种时间自适应算法,使得数值解的准确性和算法稳定性得到保证的前提下,计算效率大大提高.     

基于Gauss羽流模型低阶预估旋流燃烧室中守恒标量的空间分布北大核心CSCD

混合分数是表征燃料-空气混合的守恒标量,是湍流燃烧建模的关键参考标量.其空间分布通常通过三维数值模拟获得,然而对于几何形状复杂的燃烧器,三维数值模拟耗时长、成本高,导致燃烧器迭代设计过程效率低.该研究发展了基于Gauss羽流(Gaussian plume)模型的低阶模型来计算旋流燃烧室中的混合分数场,以加速燃料-空气混合策略的评估和参数化设计过程.相比传统的构型,新推导的Gauss羽流模型包含了径向对流的影响和针对旋流来流的修正.进一步发展了镜像反射模型来模拟壁面-羽流的相互作用,并引入相关修正来确保质量守恒.将新推导的Gauss羽流模型应用于甲烷旋流燃烧室混合分数场的低阶预测.基于数值收敛的三维数值模拟生成的数据库,首先采用最小二乘法对模型参数进行优化,然后在宽范围条件下验证了模型的预测精度.该研究不仅为旋流燃烧器内混合分数的快速预测提供了一种新方法,而且为Gauss羽流模型的进一步发展和应用提供了实例.     

直接数值模拟／大涡模拟中数值误差影响的研究

通过比较湍流的能谱和总动能,对数值误差(包括混淆误差、离散截断误差)、亚格子模型以及它们之间相互作用对直接数值模拟和大涡模拟的影响进行了系统研究.算例采用了三维各向均匀同性湍流.为了研究复杂几何形状,数值格式采用了谱方法和Pade紧致格式.大涡模型采用了truncated Navior-Stokes(TNS)模型结合Pade离散滤波器.结果表明直接数值模拟中离散误差对结果有很大影响,低阶格式会导致计算发散.而大涡模拟中亚格子模型不仅能表征小尺度对大尺度的影响,而且还缓解了数值误差对计算结果的影响.因而低精度格式也可取得不错的结果.     

扩散系数为矩阵形式的两相混溶驱动问题的修正迎风差分格式

1　引　　言油藏数值模拟对油田开发意义重大 .两相不可压缩混溶驱动问题 ,其数学模型是一组非线性偏微分方程 ,其中的压力方程是一椭圆型方程 ,饱和度方程是一对流扩散方程 .由于对流为主的扩散方程具有双曲特性 ,中心差分格式虽关于空间步长具有二阶精度 ,但会产生数值弥散和非物理力学特性的数值振荡 ,使数值模拟失真 .特征方法与标准的有限差分方法结合起来可以较好地反映出对流扩散方程的一阶双曲特性 ,从而减少误差 ,提高计算精度[1 ] .在周期性假定下 ,美国数学家 Jim Douglas,Jr教授分别对压力方程采用混合元格式[2 ] 和五点差分…     

稠油开采数值模拟研究

针对稠油油藏使用水平井并且注蒸汽的开采方式,建立了相应的数学模型,模型考虑了油、气、水三个相态及所有组分,和由于稠油流体特性而引起的启动压力,对数学模型使用九点差分进行离散,用全隐式方法将数值模型线性化,给出了模型等效化的处理方法,将计算结果与模拟区块的实际生产数据做动态历史拟合,并提出了开发调整方案,取得了良好效果.该模型与其它方法做了比较,模型所得结果与实际产量的绝对值偏差为1.9％,是所有方法中最小的.模型与求解方法适用于稠油油藏注蒸汽水平并开采数值模拟.     

火烧油层燃烧前缘位置确定新方法

火烧油层表现出复杂渗流特征和明显的区带特性,目前还缺少成熟的火烧油层的燃烧前缘监测方法,根据火烧油层的特征建立了包含已燃烧区和未燃区的燃烧前缘解释模型,进而利用油藏数值模拟方法建立了典型均质油藏火烧油层模型,在此模型上研究了注气井关井后的压力和压力导数变化特征,并把计算和实际燃烧前缘参数进行了对比;最后对辽河油区火烧油层试验区内一口注气井的试井资料进行了解释分析,得出的燃烧前缘距离注气井89m,与生产动态分析结合分析,认为利用注气井试井方法计算火烧油层前缘位置结论可靠,能够准确反映油井生产状况和注气井受效情况.     

A reduced finite volume element formulation and numerical simulations based on POD for parabolic problems

A proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) method is applied to a usual finite volume element (FVE) formulation for parabolic equations such that it is reduced to a POD FVE formulation with lower dimensions and high enough accuracy. The error estimates between the reduced POD FVE solution and the usual FVE solution are analyzed. It is shown by numerical examples that the results of numerical computation are consistent with theoretical conclusions. Moreover, it is also shown that the reduced POD FVE formulation based on POD method is both feasible and highly efficient.     

Numerical simulation based on POD for two-dimensional solute transport problems

A proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) method is applied to a usual finite element scheme for two-dimensional solute transport problems such that it is reduced into a reduced finite element formulation with lower dimensions and high enough accuracy. Numerical examples show that the results of numerical computations are consistent with accurate solutions. Moreover, this validates the feasibility and efficiency of POD method.     

热传导对流方程基于POD的差分格式

本文用奇值分解和特征投影分解(proper orthogonal decomposition,简记为POD)研究热传导对流方程,导出其基于POD的一种简化的差分格式,并分析通常的差分格式的解和基于POD的简化的差分格式的解之间的误差估计.最后用方腔流数值例子验证本文的理论的正确性,从而验证了用基于POD的简化的差分格式解热传导对流方程的有效性.     

A New Reduced-Order fve Algorithm Based on POD Method for Viscoelastic Equations

A proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) technique is used to reduce the finite volume element (FVE) method for two-dimensional (2D) viscoelastic equations. A reduced-order fully discrete FVE algorithm with fewer degrees of freedom and sufficiently high accuracy based on POD method is established. The error estimates of the reduced-order fully discrete FVE solutions and the implementation for solving the reduced-order fully discrete FVE algorithm are provided. Some numerical examples are used to illustrate that the results of numerical computation are consistent with theoretical conclusions. Moreover, it is shown that the reduced-order fully discrete FVE algorithm is one of the most effective numerical methods by comparing with corresponding numerical results of finite element formulation and finite difference scheme and that the reduced-order fully discrete FVE algorithm based on POD method is feasible and efficient for solving 2D viscoelastic equations.     

A reduced finite element formulation based on POD method for two-dimensional solute transport problems

A proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) method is applied to a usual finite element (FE) formulation for two-dimensional solute transport problems with real practical applied background such that it is reduced into a reduced FE formulation with lower dimensions and high enough accuracy. The error estimates between the reduced POD FE solutions and the usual FE solutions are provided. It is shown by numerical examples that the results of numerical computation are consistent with theoretical conclusions. Moreover, it is also shown that this validates the feasibility and efficiency of POD FE method.     

抛物方程基于POD方法的降阶外推差分算法

用奇值分解和特征投影分解(Proper Orthogonal Decomposition,简记POD)方法去建立抛物方程的一种降阶外推有限差分算法,并给出误差估计.最后用数值例子验证这种基于POD方法降阶外推有限差分算法的可行性和有效性.     

Nonlinear dynamic analysis of a complex dual rotor-bearing system based on a novel model reduction method

In this paper, a dynamic model of a complex dual rotor-bearing system of an aero-engine is established based on the finite element method with three types of beam elements (rigid disc, cylindrical beam element and conical beam element), as well as taking into account the nonlinearities of all of the supporting rolling element bearings. To rapidly and accurately analyze dynamic behaviors of the complex dual rotor-bearing system, a two-level model order reduction (MOR) method is proposed by combining component mode synthesis (CMS) method and proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) technique. The first-level reduced-order model (ROM) of the dual rotors is obtained by CMS method with a high precision for the original system. Then, the POD method is applied to second-level model order reduction to further decrease the degrees of freedom (DOFs) of first-level ROM. Second-level ROM with mode expansion and direct second-level ROM are obtained, and the nonlinear displacement responses of the two ROMs are compared with the first-level ROM. The numerical results demonstrate that the proposed method has a higher computational efficiency and accuracy in terms of mode expansion than the direct model reduction by using POD method. In addition, the nonlinear vibration responses of the dual rotor-bearing system are studied by this second-level ROM in the case of different clearances of the inter-shaft bearing. The results indicate that the dynamic characteristics of the dual rotor-bearing system are very complicated for a large clearance.     

Finite element formulation based on proper orthogonal decomposition for parabolic equations

A proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) method is applied to a usual finite element (FE) formulation for parabolic equations so that it is reduced into a POD FE formulation with lower dimensions and enough high accuracy. The errors between the reduced POD FE solution and the usual FE solution are analyzed. It is shown by numerical examples that the results of numerical computations are consistent with theoretical conclusions. Moreover, it is also shown that this validates the feasibility and efficiency of POD method. This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 10871022, 10771065, and 60573158) and Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province (Grant No. A2007001027)