New multi-phonon gamma vibrational bands in A～110 neutron-rich nuclei

The high spin states of neutron-rich 103Nb, 107Tc and 109Tc nuclei in A~110 region have been investigated by measuring prompt γ-γ-γ coincident measurements populated with the spontaneous fission of 252Cf with the Gammasphere detector array. In 103Nb, one-phonon K = 9/2 and two-phonon K = 13/2 γ-vibrational bands have been identified. In 107Tc and 109Tc, one-phonon K = 11/2 and two-phonon K = 15/2 γ-vibrational bands, in which the zero-phonon bands are based on K=7/2 excited states, have also been identified...     

Gamma Vibrational Bands and Chiral Doublet Bands in A≈100 Neutron-rich Nuclei

The level structures of neutron-rich ~(105)Mo,~(106)Mo,~(108)Mo and 110Ru nuclei in A≈100 region have been carefully investigated by coincidence measurements of the prompt γ-rays populated in the spontaneous fission of ~(252)Cf with the Gammasphere detector array.In 105Mo,one-phonon K =9/2 and two-phonon K=13/2 γ-vibrational bands have been identified.In ~(108)Mo,one-phonon γ-vibrational band is expanded and two-phonon γ-vibrational band has been identified.Two similar sets of bands in ~(106)Mo and ~(110)Ru are observed to high spins,which have been proposed as the soft chiral γ-vibrational bands.The characteristics for these γ-vibrational bands and chiral doublet bands have been discussed.     

Reinvestigation of Collective Bands in 107Tc

The high spin states of a neutron-rich ^107 Tc nucleus are reinvestigated by observing prompt γ-rays from the spontaneous fission of ^252 Cf. The previous level scheme is updated. A collective band based on the π5/2- [303] orbital is confirmed and extended. Inconsistencies in the configuration assignments for a type of positive parity bands of odd-A 105,107,109 Tc in the previous reports are clarified according to the g factor calculations. A new band based on the 1499.5 keV level in ^107Tc is proposed as a two-phonon γ-vibrational band.     

Observation of Rotational Bands in Neutron—Rich ^106Mo Nucleus

The rotational bands up to a spin of 16h in the neutron-rich ^106Mo nucleus have been ivestigated by measuring high-fold prompt γ-ray coincidence events following spontaneous fission of ^252Cf with a Gammasphere detector array.The ground-state band,the one-phonon and two-phonon γ-vibrational bands,as well as a quasi-particle hand have been confirmed and expanded.The other four collective rotational bands,three proposed as two-quasi-particle bands and one proposed as a β-vibrational band,have been newly observed.The characteristics of these collective bands and the possible configurations for the quasi-particle bands are discussed.     

Reflection-Asymmetric Shell Model Description of the Neutron-Rich^142，145Ba Nuclei

The reflection asymmetric shell model has been applied to describe the octupole deformed bands in neutron-rich even-even ^142Ba and odd-N^145Ba nuclei. The alternating parity bands of ^142Ba and the simplex s = -i bands of^145Ba are calculated and compared with the available experimental data. The calculated results are in good agreement with the experimental data. The spin and parity assignments of ground-state of^145Ba are discussed.The results show that the present work is a useful attempt to further explore the nuclear reflection asymmetry in neutron rich region.     

Search for Double γ-Vibrational Bands in Neutron-Rich 105Mo Nucleus

Levels in the neutron-rich ^105Mo nucleus have been investigated by observing prompt γ-rays following the spontaneous fission fragments of^252 Cf with the Gammasphere detector array. The yrast band has been confirmed and updated. The other two collective bands with the band head levels at 870.5 and 1534.6 keV are newly observed, and they are suggested as the candidates for one-phonon K= 9/2 and two-phonon K = 13/2 double γ-vibrational bands, respectively. Systematic characteristics of these bands have been discussed.     

Collective Band Structures in Neutron-Rich ^108Mo Nucleus

High spin states in the neutron-rich ^108Mo nucleus are studied by measuring prompt γ-rays following the spontaneous fission of 252Cf with a Gammasphere detector array. The ground-state band is confirmed, and the one-phonon γ-vibrational band is updated with spin up to 12h. A new collective band with the band head level at 1422.4keV is suggested as a two-phonon γ-vibrational band. Another new band is proposed as a two-quasi- proton excitation band. Systematic characteristics of the collective bands are discussed.     

Collective Band Structures and Identification of One-Phonon and Two-Phonon γ-Vibrational Bands in 109Tc

The high spin states of the neutron-rich 109Tc nucleus are reinvestigated by observing prompt γ-rays from the spontaneous fission of 252 Cf. The previously known yrast band based on the 7/2＋ state is updated. A side band built on the 11/2＋ state is expanded and a new band based on the 15/2＋ state is identified. Band crossing in the yrast band occurs around fω≈ 0.36 MeV. This band crossing is associated with the alignment of two h11/2 neutrons according to the cranked shell model calculations. The band based on the 11/2＋ state is proposed as a candidate for the one-phonon γ-vibrational band, and the band built on the 15/2＋ state is proposed as a candidate for the two-phonon γ-vibrational band. Other characteristics for the observed bands are discussed.     

实验核物理进展

本文回顾我所实验核物理科研人员在低能核反应机制、中子物理、核衰变性质及核结构研究中所做一系列工作,同时简单介绍了目前工作和设想． The paper reviews the research activities at SINR on experimental nuclear physics. The studies have been focused on mechanism of nuclear reactions, neutron physics,properties of nuclear decay and nuclear structure. Brief introductions are given to the ongoing research projects and future plans in the field of research.     

Particle-number conserving analysis of the high-K multi-quasiparticle bands in 179Re

The experimentally observed ten rotational bands in 179Re are analyzed with the particle-number conserving method for treating the cranked shell model with pairing interaction, in which the blocking effects are taken into account exactly. The experimental moments of inertia of these bands are reproduced quite well by our calculations with no free parameter and the deformation driving effects are discussed. The bandhead energies and the variation in the occupation probability of each cranked orbital are also analyzed.     

爆发性核合成与核结构

讨论了天体物理环境中爆发性核合成及其与核结构的紧密关系.用反射不对称壳模型计算了远离稳定线丰中子核148Ba的低能八极转动带,结果与实验很好符合.展示了其应用于不稳定核低能态计算的有效性 ,以及在核天体物理研究中的应用前景.The explosive nucleosynthesis in the astrophysical environment and its close link to nuclear structure are discussed. The low lying octupole bands for neutron rich nucleus 148 Ba far from the stability line have been calculated by the reflection asymmetric shell model and the results are in good agreement with the experimental data, presenting the capability of the model for calculations of the low lying states of unstable nuclei as well as the foreground of application in nuclear astrophysics.     

Band head spin determination of triaxial superdeformed bands in ~(163,164,165)Lu through two-parameter formulae

The two-parameter formulae, i.e. the nuclear softness formula and the power index formula, have been used to obtain the band head spin(I0) of the triaxial superdeformed(SD) bands in ~(163)Lu(1,2,3,4),~(164)Lu(1,2,3)and ~(165)Lu(1,2,3), in the A～160 mass region. The least squares fitting approach is used. The values of the root mean square(RMS) deviation among the computed and the measured experimental transition energies are obtained by calculating the model parameters. Whenever accurate spins are available, superb agreement is shown between the determined and the measured experimental transition energies. In comparison to the power index formula, the values of band head spin(I0) of the triaxial SD bands in ~(163)Lu(1,2,3,4),~(164)Lu(1,2,3) and ~(165)Lu(1,2,3) obtained by the nuclear softness formula are closer to the experimental data. The lowest RMS deviation is also achieved by the nuclear softness formula. Hence, the nuclear softness formula works well for obtaining the band head spin(I0) for the triaxial SD bands in ~(163)Lu(1,2,3,4),~(164)Lu(1,2,3) and ~(165)Lu(1,2,3) in the A～160 mass region. The dynamic moment of inertia against ω is also studied.     

Correlations and fluctuations in high energy heavy ion collision experiments

An overview of research status of soft physics in high energy heavy-ion collision experiments and recent experimental results are presented. The experimental status on fluctuations and correlations has been reviewed and the outlook for research status of soft physics in LHC/ALICE has been introduced in this paper.     

基于HI-13串列加速器在束γ终端原子核激发态寿命测量的核结构研究

利用在HI-13串列加速器的在束γ终端上建立的多普勒线移衰减法、反冲距离多普勒线移法和快时间延迟符合法等3种寿命测量方法,开展了原子核手征对称性、磁转动等核结构热点课题的研究工作。实验结果表明,130Cs的伙伴带具有很好的手征特性,而106Ag的候选带并非手征双带。根据测量的能级寿命提取的B（M1）值表明,106Ag的正宇称晕带和107Ag的正、负宇称晕带都具有典型的磁转动特性。此外,寿命测量数据还为解释和理解不同的同位素链中展现出的形状演化、形状共存、形状相变及临界点对称性等物理现象提供了有价值的实验证据。 The significance and principle of lifetime measurements of excited states in nuclei are briefly described. By using the recoil-distance Doppler-shift method, the Doppler-shift attenuation method, and the fast-timing technique established at the in-beam γ terminal of HI-13 tandem accelerator, nuclear structure studies on topical subjects including chiral symmetries and magnetic rotation have been performed. Our experimental results indicate that 130Cs shows better chiral characteristics, however, the two candidate bands of 106Ag could not be a pair of chiral doublet bands. For magnetic rotation, the deduced B(M1) values deduced from the measured level lifetimes clearly demonstrate that the yrast positive-parity band in 106Ag and both the yrast positiveand negative-parity bands in 107Ag are magnetic rotation bands. In addition, our lifetime measurement data also provide valuable experimental evidences for the interpretation and understanding of the shape evolution, the shape coexistence, and the critical-point symmetries of shape phase transition in the different isotope chains.     

232Th 中子诱发裂变产额数据比对评价

232Th 中子诱发裂变产额在Th/U 燃料循环的核能开发中具有重要的意义,在现有国际评价产额数据库基础上,结合最新的实验数据,对产物核的质量分布和反应堆计算所需的重点产物核进行了比对。这些产物核包括95Mo,99Tc,101Ru,103Rh,109Ag,133Cs,147Sm,149Sm,150Sm,151Sm,152Sm,143Nd,145Nd 和153Eu 等,对有分歧的133Cs,152Sm 和153Eu 累积产额数据进行了评价调整。最后推荐给出了n+232Th 裂变的产额数据库,作为CENDL 库的组成部分。The yields of n+232Th fission are important in study of the Th/U fuel cycle. Based upon the evaluated nuclear data libraries and recent experimental data,comparison and evaluation for yield mass distribution and cumulativeyield were performed for those products are needed and important in reactor calculations,including 95Mo,99Tc,101Ru,103Rh,109Ag,133Cs,147Sm,149Sm,150Sm,151Sm,152Sm,143Nd,145Nd adn 153Eu etc. Adjustments were made for 133Cs, 152Sm and 153En which have discrepancies among the libraries. Database for n+233Th fission yield is recommended as a part of CENDL update.     

核少体问题研究进展简况

本文概要介绍了近几年来国防上关于核少体问题研究方面的进展状况及新动向． The current status and progress are outlined in few-body nuclear physics research. Latest trends in this field are reviewed as well.     

Electronic Structural Properties and Superconductivity of Diborides in the MgB2 Structure

We calculate the critical temperature Tc of a wide range of diborides which have the same crystal structure as MgB2.Their electronic structure is also calculated in the framework of the local density approximation method of density functional theory be using the pseudopotential plane wave approach.The Hopfield factors η of these materials are calculated by the frozen phonon method.Our results show that most of these diborides have low η,and hence low or no Tc;this is consistent with experimental observations.The most important result of our calculation is that AgB2 and AuB2 have higher Tc than MgB2.The high Tc of these two materials comes from the combination of the high density of states and high deformation potential of the σ bands.     

Proposed Chiral Doublet Bands in ^98Tc

High spin states in odd-odd ^98 Tc nuclei are studied by in-beam γ-ray spectroscopy with the ^96 Zr（^6Li, 412） fusionevaporation reaction at a beam energy of 35MeV. The previous level scheme is updated. A band based on 1090.7keV is expanded, and another band based on 1920.6 keV is newly identified. The observed two negative parity bands in ^98 Tc are proposed to be a pair of chiral doublet bands with the configuration πg9/2 vh11/2. The evidence supporting the assignment of the chiral doublet bands is discussed. Signature splitting and signature inversion are observed in the πg9/2 vh11/2 band in ^98Tc.     

核技术农业应用与展望

本文综述了我国核农学的研究领域及国际上的研究现况,并介绍了我们在这一领域内取得的成果和发展前景。The research status of nuclear agronomy in our country and its development in othercountries are summaried in this paper. The results obtained in nuclear agronomy and its prospect arealso introduced.     

核内夸克-胶子分布

介绍与核内夸克－胶子分布的有关实验现象:ＥＭＣ效应、核遮蔽效应、核Ｄｒｅｌ－Ｙａｎ过程和Ｊ／ψ光生反应等,以及解释它们的理论模型．The experiments of the EMC effect,nuclear shadowing effect,nuclear Drell Yanprocess and J/ψ production related to the quark gluon distributions in nuclei and the theoretical models explaining them are briefly reviewed. 