Categorical resolutions of a class of derived categories

We clarify the relation between the subcategory D_(hf)~b(A) of homological finite objects in D~b(A)and the subcategory K~b(P) of perfect complexes in D~b(A), by giving two classes of abelian categories A with enough projective objects such that D_(hf)~b(A) = K~b(P), and finding an example such that D_(hf)~b(A)≠K~b(P). We realize the bounded derived category D~b(A) as a Verdier quotient of the relative derived category D_C~b(A), where C is an arbitrary resolving contravariantly finite subcategory of A. Using this relative derived categories, we get categorical resolutions of a class of bounded derived categories of module categories of infinite global dimension.We prove that if an Artin algebra A of infinite global dimension has a module T with inj.dimT ∞ such that ~⊥T is finite, then D~b(modA) admits a categorical resolution; and that for a CM(Cohen-Macaulay)-finite Gorenstein algebra, such a categorical resolution is weakly crepant.     

Upper recollements and triangle expansions

By using the stable t-structure induced by an adjoint pair, we extend several results concerning recollements to upper (resp. lower) recollements. These include the fundamental results of Parshall and Scott on comparisons of recollements, Wiedemann’s result on the global dimension and Happel’s result on the finitistic dimension, occurring in a recollement (D ^b (A′),D ^b (A),D ^b (A″)) of bounded derived categories of Artin algebras. We introduce and describe a triangle expansion of a triangulated category and illustrate it by examples.     

Homological Epimorphisms, Compactly Generated t-Structures and Gorenstein-Projective Modules

The aim of this paper is two-fold. Given a recollement (T′, T, T″, i*, i_*, i^!, j_!, j*, j_*), where T′, T, T″ are triangulated categories with small coproducts and T is compactly generated. First, the authors show that the BBD-induction of compactly generated t-structures is compactly generated when i_* preserves compact objects. As a con-sequence, given a ladder (T′, T, T″, T, T′) of height 2, then the certain BBD-induction of compactly generated t-structures is compactly generated. The authors apply them to the recollements induced by homological ring epimorphisms. This is the first part of their work. Given a recollement (D(B-Mod),D(A-Mod),D(C-Mod), i*, i_*, i^!, j_!, j*, j_*) induced by a homological ring epimorphism, the last aim of this work is to show that if A is Gorenstein, _A B has finite projective dimension and j_! restricts to D ^b (C-mod), then this recollement induces an unbounded ladder (B-Gproj,A-Gproj, C-Gproj) of stable categories of finitely generated Gorenstein-projective modules. Some examples are described.     

Homotopical Morita theory for corings

A coring (A,C) consists of an algebra A in a symmetric monoidal category and a coalgebra C in the monoidal category of A-bimodules. Corings and their comodules arise naturally in the study of Hopf–Galois extensions and descent theory, as well as in the study of Hopf algebroids. In this paper, we address the question of when two corings (A,C) and (B,D) in a symmetric monoidal model category V are homotopically Morita equivalent, i.e., when their respective categories of comodules V _A ^C and V _B ^D are Quillen equivalent. As an illustration of the general theory, we examine homotopical Morita theory for corings in the category of chain complexes over a commutative ring.     

Estimation of the depth of reversible circuits consisting of NOT,CNOT and 2-CNOT gates

The paper discusses the asymptotic depth of a reversible circuits consisting of NOT, CNOT and 2-CNOT gates. The reversible circuit depth function D(n, q) is introduced for a circuit implementing a mapping f: Z₂ⁿ → Z₂ⁿ as a function of n and the number q of additional inputs. It is proved that for the case of implementation of a permutation from A(Z₂ⁿ) with a reversible circuit having no additional inputs the depth is bounded as D(n, 0) ? 2ⁿ/(3log₂n). It is also proved that for the case of transformation f: Z₂ⁿ → Z₂ⁿ with a reversible circuit having q₀ ~ 2ⁿ additional inputs the depth is bounded as D(n,q₀) ? 3n.     

Homogenization of hyperbolic equations

We consider a self-adjoint matrix elliptic operator A _{ε, ε} > 0, on L ₂(R ^d ;C ⁿ ) given by the differential expression b(D)*g(x/ε)b(D). The matrix-valued function g(x) is bounded, positive definite, and periodic with respect to some lattice; b(D) is an (m × n)-matrix first order differential operator such that m ≥ n and the symbol b(ξ) has maximal rank. We study the operator cosine cos(τA _ε ^1/2 ), where τ ∈ R. It is shown that, as ε → 0, the operator cos(τA _ε ^1/2 ) converges to cos(τ(A ⁰)^1/2) in the norm of operators acting from the Sobolev space H ^s (R ^d ;C ⁿ ) (with a suitable s) to L ₂(R ^d ;C ⁿ ). Here A ₀ is the effective operator with constant coefficients. Sharp-order error estimates are obtained. The question about the sharpness of the result with respect to the type of the operator norm is studied. Similar results are obtained for more general operators. The results are applied to study the behavior of the solution of the Cauchy problem for the hyperbolic equation ? _τ ² u _ε (x, τ) = ?A _ε u _ε (x, τ).     

On Dirichlet Type Spaces <Emphasis Type="Italic">A</Emphasis><Stack><Subscript><Emphasis Type="Italic">ω</Emphasis></Subscript><Superscript>2</Superscript></Stack> Over the Half–Plane

Some extensions of the results of the first author related with the Hilbert spaces A _ω,0 ² of functions holomorphic in the half–plane are proved. Some new Hilbert spaces A _ω ² of Dirichlet type are introduced, which are included in the Hardy space H2 over the half–plane. Several results on representations, boundary properties, isometry, interpolation, biorthogonal systems and bases are obtained for the spaces A _ω ² ? H₂.     

Invariance of the generalized oscillator under a linear transformation of the related system of orthogonal polynomials

We consider the families of polynomials P = { P _n (x)} _n=0 ^∞ and Q = { Q _n (x)} _n=0 ^∞ orthogonal on the real line with respect to the respective probability measures μ and ν. We assume that { Q _n (x)} _n=0 ^∞ and {P _n (x)} _n=0 ^∞ are connected by linear relations. In the case k = 2, we describe all pairs (P,Q) for which the algebras A _P and A _Q of generalized oscillators generated by { Qn(x)} _n=0 ^∞ and { Pn(x)} _n=0 ^∞ coincide. We construct generalized oscillators corresponding to pairs (P,Q) for arbitrary k ≥ 1.     

On the Recollements of Functor Categories

This paper is devoted to the study of recollements of functor categories in different levels. In the first part of the paper, we start with a small category \(\mathcal {S}\) and a maximal object s of \(\mathcal {S}\) and construct a recollement of \(\text {Mod-}\mathcal {S}\) in terms of \(\text {Mod-End}_{\mathcal {S}}(s)\) and \(\text {Mod-}(\mathcal {S}\setminus \{s\})\) in four different levels. In case \(\mathcal {S}\) is a finite directed category, by iterating this argument, we get chains of recollements having some interesting applications. In the second part, we start with a recollement of rings and construct a recollement of their path rings, with respect to a finite quiver. Third part of the paper presents some applications, including recollements of triangular matrix rings, an example of a recollement in Gorenstein derived level and recollements of derived categories of N-complexes.     

Relative singularity categories with respect to gorenstein flat modules

Let R be a right coherent ring and D~b(R-Mod) the bounded derived category of left R-modules. Denote by D~b(R-Mod)_([G F,C]) the subcategory of D~b(R-Mod) consisting of all complexes with both finite Gorenstein flat dimension and cotorsion dimension and K~b(F ∩ C) the bounded homotopy category of flat cotorsion left R-modules. We prove that the quotient triangulated category D~b(R-Mod)_([G F,C])/K~b(F ∩ C) is triangle-equivalent to the stable category GF ∩ C of the Frobenius category of all Gorenstein flat and cotorsion left R-modules.     

Renormalized coupling constants for the three-dimensional scalar <Emphasis Type="Italic">λ</Emphasis><Emphasis Type="Italic">ϕ</Emphasis><Superscript>4</Superscript> field theory and pseudo-<Emphasis Type="Italic">ε</Emphasis>-expansion

The renormalized coupling constants g _2k that enter the equation of state and determine nonlinear susceptibilities of the system have universal values g _2k ^* at the Curie point. We use the pseudo-ε-expansion approach to calculate them together with the ratios R _2k = g _2k /g ₄ ^k-1 for the three-dimensional scalar λ ? ⁴ field theory. We derive pseudo-ε-expansions for g ₆ ^* , g ₈ ^* , R ₆ ^* , and R ₈ ^* in the five-loop approximation and present numerical estimates for R ₆ ^* and R ₈ ^* . The higher-order coefficients of the pseudo-ε-expansions for g ₆ ^* and R ₆ ^* are so small that simple Padé approximants turn out to suffice for very good numerical results. Using them gives R ₆ ^* = 1.650, while the recent lattice calculation gave R ₆ ^* = 1.649(2). The pseudo-ε-expansions of g ₈ ^* and R ₈ ^* are less favorable from the numerical standpoint. Nevertheless, Padé–Borel summation of the series for R ₈ ^* gives the estimate R ₈ ^* = 0.890, differing only slightly from the values R ₈ ^* = 0.871 and R ₈ ^* = 0.857 extracted from the results of lattice and field theory calculations.     

Anisotropic Hardy-Lorentz spaces and their applications

Let p ∈(0, 1], q ∈(0, ∞] and A be a general expansive matrix on Rn. We introduce the anisotropic Hardy-Lorentz space H~(p,q)_A(R~n) associated with A via the non-tangential grand maximal function and then establish its various real-variable characterizations in terms of the atomic and the molecular decompositions, the radial and the non-tangential maximal functions, and the finite atomic decompositions. All these characterizations except the ∞-atomic characterization are new even for the classical isotropic Hardy-Lorentz spaces on Rn.As applications, we first prove that Hp,q A(Rn) is an intermediate space between H~(p1,q1)_A(Rn) and H~(p2,q2)_A(R~n) with 0 p1 p p2 ∞ and q1, q, q2 ∈(0, ∞], and also between H~(p,q1)_A(Rn) and H~(p,q2)_A(R~n) with p ∈(0, ∞)and 0 q1 q q2 ∞ in the real method of interpolation. We then establish a criterion on the boundedness of sublinear operators from H~(p,q)_A(R~n) into a quasi-Banach space; moreover, we obtain the boundedness of δ-type Calder′on-Zygmund operators from H~(p,∞)_A(R~n) to the weak Lebesgue space L~(p,∞)(R~n)(or to H~p_A(R~n)) in the ln λcritical case, from H~(p,q)_A(R~n) to L~(p,q)(R~n)(or to H~(p,q)_A(R~n)) with δ∈(0,(lnλ)/(ln b)], p ∈(1/(1+,δ),1] and q ∈(0, ∞], as well as the boundedness of some Calderon-Zygmund operators from H~(p,q)_A(R~n) to L~(p,∞)(R~n), where b := | det A|,λ_:= min{|λ| : λ∈σ(A)} and σ(A) denotes the set of all eigenvalues of A.     

On the properties of maps connected with inverse Sturm-Liouville problems

Let L _D be the Sturm-Liouville operator generated by the differential expression L _y = ?y″ + q(x)y on the finite interval [0, π] and by the Dirichlet boundary conditions. We assume that the potential q belongs to the Sobolev space W ₂ ^? [0, π] with some ? ≥ ?1. It is well known that one can uniquely recover the potential q from the spectrum and the norming constants of the operator L _D. In this paper, we construct special spaces of sequences ? ₂ ^θ in which the regularized spectral data {s _k } _?∞ ^∞ of the operator L _D are placed. We prove the following main theorem: the map F _q = {s _k } from W ₂ ^? to ? ₂ ^θ is weakly nonlinear (i.e., it is a compact perturbation of a linear map). A similar result is obtained for the operator L _DN generated by the same differential expression and the Dirichlet-Neumann boundary conditions. These results serve as a basis for solving the problem of uniform stability of recovering a potential. Note that this problem has not been considered in the literature. The uniform stability results are formulated here, but their proof will be presented elsewhere.     

Anisotropic weak Hardy spaces of Musielak-Orlicz type and their applications

Anisotropy is a common attribute of the nature, which shows different characterizations in different directions of all or part of the physical or chemical properties of an object. The anisotropic property, in mathematics, can be expressed by a fairly general discrete group of dilations {A ^k : k ∈ ?}, where A is a real n × n matrix with all its eigenvalues λ satisfy |λ| > 1. The aim of this article is to study a general class of anisotropic function spaces, some properties and applications of these spaces. Let φ: ? ⁿ ×[0,∞) → [0,∞) be an anisotropic p-growth function with p ∈ (0, 1]. The purpose of this article is to find an appropriate general space which includes weak Hardy space of Fefferman and Soria, weighted weak Hardy space of Quek and Yang, and anisotropic weak Hardy space of Ding and Lan. For this reason, we introduce the anisotropic weak Hardy space of Musielak-Orlicz type H _A ^φ,∞ (? ⁿ ) and obtain its atomic characterization. As applications, we further obtain an interpolation theorem adapted to H _A ^φ,∞ (? ⁿ ) and the boundedness of the anisotropic Calderón-Zygmund operator from H _A ^φ,∞ (? ⁿ ) to L _A ^φ,∞ (? ⁿ ). It is worth mentioning that the superposition principle adapted to the weak Musielak-Orlicz function space, which is an extension of a result of E. M. Stein, M. Taibleson and G. Weiss, plays an important role in the proofs of the atomic decomposition of H _A ^φ,∞ (? ⁿ ) and the interpolation theorem.     

Bent functions with stronger nonlinear properties: K-bent functions

We introduce the notion of k-bent function, i.e., a Boolean functionwith evennumber m of variables υ ₁, …, υ _m which can be approximated with all functions of the form 〈u, v〉 _j ⊕ a in the equally poor manner, where u ∈ ? ₂ ^m , a ∈ ?₂, and 1 ? j ? k. Here 〈·, ·〉 _j is an analog of the inner product of vectors; k changes from 1 to m/2. The operations 〈·, ·〉 _k , 1 ? k ? m/2, are defined by using the special series of binary Hadamard-like codes A _m ^k of length 2 ^m . Namely, the vectors of values for the functions 〈u, v〉 _k ⊕ a are codewords of the code A _m ^k . The codes A _m ^k are constructed using subcodes of the ?₄-linear Hadamard-like codes of length 2 ^m+1, which were classified by D. S. Krotov (2001). At that the code A _m ¹ is linear and A _m ¹ , …, A _m ^m/2 are pairwise nonequivalent. On the codewords of a code A _m ^k , we define a group operation ? coordinated with the Hamming metric. That is why we can consider k-bent functions as functions that are maximal nonlinear in k distinct senses of linearity at the same time. Bent functions in usual sense coincide with 1-bent functions. For k > ? ? 1, the class of k-bent functions is a proper subclass of the class of ?-bent functions. In the paper, we give methods for constructing k-bent functions and study their properties. It is shown that there exist k-bent functions with an arbitrary algebraic degree d, where 2 ? d ? max {2, m/2 ? k + 1}. Given an arbitrary k, we define the subset \(\mathfrak{F}_m^k \mathcal{F}_m^k \) of the set \(\mathfrak{F}_m^k \mathcal{F}_m^k \) \(\mathcal{A}_m^k \mathcal{B}_m^k \) of all Boolean functions in m variables with the following property: on this subset k-bent functions and 1-bent functions coincide.     

Spectral analysis for infinite rank perturbations of unbounded diagonal operators

In this paper we study the spectral theory for the class of linear operators A _∞ defined on the so-called non-archimedean Hilbert space E _ω by, A _∞:= D + F _∞ where D is an unbounded diagonal linear operator and F _∞:= Σ _k=1 ^∞ u _k ? v _k is an operator of infinite rank on E _ω .     

Endomorphism Algebras of 2-term Silting Complexes

We study possible values of the global dimension of endomorphism algebras of 2-term silting complexes. We show that for any algebra A whose global dimension gl.dim A ≤ 2 and any 2-term silting complex P in the bounded derived category D ^b (A) of A, the global dimension of \(\text {End}_{{D^b(A)}}(\mathbf {P})\) is at most 7. We also show that for each n > 2, there is an algebra A with gl.dim A = n such that D ^b (A) admits a 2-term silting complex P with \(\mathrm {gl. dim~}\text {End}_{{D^b(A)}}(\mathbf {P})\) infinite.     

Isomorphisms,definable relations,and Scott families for integral domains and commutative semigroups

In the present article, we prove the following four assertions: (1) For every computable successor ordinal α, there exists a Δ _α ⁰ -categorical integral domain (commutative semigroup) which is not relatively Δ _α ⁰ -categorical (i.e., no formally Σ _α ⁰ Scott family exists for such a structure). (2) For every computable successor ordinal α, there exists an intrinsically Σ _α ⁰ -relation on the universe of a computable integral domain (commutative semigroup) which is not a relatively intrinsically Σ _α ⁰ -relation. (3) For every computable successor ordinal α and finite n, there exists an integral domain (commutative semigroup) whose Δ _α ⁰ -dimension is equal to n. (4) For every computable successor ordinal α, there exists an integral domain (commutative semigroup) with presentations only in the degrees of sets X such that Δ _α ⁰ (X) is not Δ _α ⁰ . In particular, for every finite n, there exists an integral domain (commutative semigroup) with presentations only in the degrees that are not n-low.     

On the total-variation convergence of regularizing algorithms for ill-posed problems

It is well known that ill-posed problems in the space V[a, b] of functions of bounded variation cannot generally be regularized and the approximate solutions do not converge to the exact one with respect to the variation. However, this convergence can be achieved on separable subspaces of V[a, b]. It is shown that the Sobolev spaces W ₁ ^m [a, b], m ∈ ? can be used as such subspaces. The classes of regularizing functionals are indicated that guarantee that the approximate solutions produced by the Tikhonov variational scheme for ill-posed problems converge with respect to the norm of W ₁ ^m [a, b]. In turn, this ensures the convergence of the approximate solutions with respect to the variation and the higher order total variations.     

<Emphasis Type="Italic">c</Emphasis>-Semipermutable subgroups of finite groups

A subgroup is called c-semipermutable in G if A has a minimal supplement T in G such that for every subgroup T ₁ of T there is an element x ∈ T satisfying AT ₁ ^x = T ₁ ^x A. We obtain a few results about the c-semipermutable subgroups and use them to determine the structures of some finite groups.