托卡马克工程试验混合堆概念设计

本文描述了托卡马克工程试验混合堆(TETB-Ⅲ)的概念设计。堆芯等离子体、各类磁体、包层中子学与热工水力、磁体屏蔽等设计协调一致地体现在堆结构设计中。结构设计考虑了各部件维修的需要和冷却剂进出管道的具体安排。燃料增殖只安排在等离子体环的外侧包层,放宽对内侧包层的中子学性能要求,以及实现较低的锂冷却剂磁流体动力学压降等是设计的一些特点。最后,对设计进行了安全性分析和有关放射性的计算。     

TETB—Ⅱ热稳定性分析及其加热功率反馈控制

本文对托卡马克工程试验混合堆(TETB-I)热稳定性进行了分析。分析采用等离子体运行等值线图(POPCON)、线性稳定性分析和时关模拟方法。分析表明TETB-I的工作点是热不稳定的。采用加热功率反馈控制方法来稳定这种不稳定性是一个可行的、有效的方法。     

TETB过渡阶段的运行分析

本文对托卡马克工程试验混合堆(简称TETB)过渡阶段的电流驱动、辅助加热和加料,以及等离子体物理参数随时间的变化进行了理论分析和研究,建立了描述该过程的物理模型。分别在Neo-Alcator定标和ASDEX-H模定标下进行了数值计算和分析,获得了一些重要结果。     

共生聚变堆

本文提出一种以发展聚变动力为主的共生式途径。它以当前正在出现的这一代聚变物理试验堆为起点,分成两路进行,一路是纯聚变堆,另一路是单个的氘发生器,可能是聚变裂变混合堆,它给纯聚变堆补充所需的氘。这两类堆长期结合共生,配合发展.形成一系需氚的纯聚变堆和一系供氚的混合堆,统一优化,保持氚自给,消耗氘锂和快中子裂变材料,提供净输出功率。 对纯聚变堆方面,放弃了传统的氚自给这一基本要求。能量的有效回收成为设计:的主要前提。优化的结果,用12—15厘米厚的含锂的水作为中子慢化回收能量的介质,附带地还能再生所耗氚的80％。不足的20％稍多的氚,将长期地由一个具有低Q聚变芯并依照生产氚的要求来改型并优化的一比一聚变裂变堆来补充。共生的两个堆,尺寸都较小,在等离子体物理和工程上有一些优点。对共生堆和具有相等总输出功率的,一般氚自给聚变堆作了比较,表明在动力经济上有相当大的收益。 简单地讨论了几种有关的概念。     

低混杂波电流驱升与等离子体平衡

本文研究了低混杂波电流驱动与等离子体平衡问题．考虑了感应电场，得到了自洽方程组，并把它应用于托卡马克工程实验混合堆电流驱升阶段的某一时刻，研究了该时刻低混杂波电流驱动与ＭＨＤ平衡。计算中采用了一个较宽的波谱，得到了电流与安全因子ｑ的分布。     

非自持和非麦氏分布情况下托卡马克堆芯等离子体功率平衡

本文给出一组托卡马克堆芯等离子体功率平衡方程,它描述了在非自持和非麦氏分布情况下等离子体功率平衡的问题,计算结果表明。在现实可行的聚变堆工程和相应的等离子体参数情况下,堆芯中每秒可产生聚变中子PN大于10~19。     

����;۱��ѱ��϶��Ծٵ�������ֵģ���о�

以平衡程序Jsolver 为基础开展了紧凑型聚变裂变混合堆先进等离子体平衡位形设计,重点研究了反剪切运行模式,并在此位形下研究了自举电流的计算、分布及份额。     

紧凑型聚变裂变混合堆自举电流的数值模拟研究

以平衡程序Jsolver 为基础开展了紧凑型聚变裂变混合堆先进等离子体平衡位形设计,重点研究了反剪切运行模式,并在此位形下研究了自举电流的计算、分布及份额。     

HCSB-DEMO�������������ȷ�����������

根据HCSB-DEMO堆的设计要求,对不同尺寸的聚变堆能产生的聚变功率、中子壁负载和等离子体燃烧时间等进行计算与分析,给出了符合设计要求的堆芯参数。在所选定的堆芯参数条件下进行了零维功率平衡计算分析,给出了3组HCSB-DEMO堆的等离子体初步设计参数。     

一种有希望的能源:聚变-裂变混合堆

文章阐述了聚变-裂变混合堆的物理计算。导出更普遍的纯聚变堆和聚变-裂变混合堆的电力得失相当条件和净电输出公式。确定的混合堆主要参数与纯聚变堆INTOR和快中子增殖堆Sup-er Phenix进行比较,证明了混合堆作为一种有希望的能源填补下世纪将要出现的能源空缺具有不少优越性。     

TETB中的低混杂波电流驱动

本文对低混杂波电流驱升和充电过程进行了理论描述和分析。考虑了低混杂波电流驱动时非线性效应的波谱展宽、附加电导率以及电子和离子的温度变化。将此理论模型应用于托卡马克工程试验混合堆(简称TETB)中的低混杂波电流驱升和充电过程,数值计算和折衷考虑后,给出了一组优化的物理参数。     

Cable guns as a plasma source in a plasma opening switch

The characteristics of a plasma generated by cable plasma guns have been studied by a laser interferometer. Cable plasma guns are frequently used as a plasma source in plasma opening switches. In our experiments, the plasma source consists of eight coaxial cable guns mounted on the outer electrode of concentric coaxial electrodes. The reproducibility of the gun in subsequent shots is found to be better than 10%, and the gun-to-gun difference is less than 15%. Assuming a symmetry of eight guns, the contour maps of the electron plasma density are plotted as functions of time. The plasma density becomes maximum near the gun nozzle and near the inner coaxial electrode. The plasma density is low in the area between the coaxial electrodes during the early time of the discharge. At a later time, the plasma fills the space between the two guns more uniformly. Still photographs of the plasma luminosity show a good correspondence with the plasma density plots which were taken 10 μs after the discharge initiation. The plasma gun system is designed for use in a 400-kA inductive voltage adder with the inductive energy storage system     

万瓦级光纤激光焊接过程中小孔内外等离子体研究

为了进一步深入了解超高功率光纤激光深熔焊接过程中等离子体特征,试验拍摄了深熔小孔内外等离子体形态,并采用光谱仪检测分析了光纤激光致等离子体光谱信号.利用检测得到的等离子体光谱信号,计算研究了等离子体的电子温度、电子密度、电离度以及等离子体压力特征,并分析了在小孔内不同深度处及孔外等离子体的变化规律.结果表明,孔内等离子体呈现不均匀分布特征,孔外金属蒸气远多于等离子体.等离子体光谱分析显示,光纤激光致等离子体辐射出的谱线较少,即电离程度较低.进一步的计算结果同样证实了光纤激光致等离子体处于弱电离状态,但等离子体电子密度仍然处于较高水平,且等离子体瞬态压力可达到数百个大气压.     

Expansion dynamics of atmospheric pressure helium plasma jet in ambient air

In this work, the expansion dynamics of a helium plasma jet in ambient air is examined. By using a fast imaging technique, the expansion of plasma jet from glass nozzle to air is captured which is in the form of plasma bullet propagating into the air. To understand the plasma bullet travel path from glass nozzle to plasma jet tip a drag force model is used. Moreover, the spatial variation of plasma density along the plasma jet length is estimated using drift velocity, plasma jet current and the cross-sectional area of the plasma jet. It is observed that the slight increase in plasma density is due to the combined effect of reduction of drift velocity, plasma jet current, and jet cross-sectional area. The obtained plasma density from glass nozzle to jet tip is in the range of (0.069-5.96) × 10¹² cm⁻³. The above parameters can be of the essence in biological and industrial applications.     

Effect of the initial plasma parameters on the structure of the current sheets developing in two-dimensional magnetic fields with a null line

The effect of the initial plasma parameters on the structure of the plasma of the current sheets that form in two-dimensional magnetic fields with a null line is studied by holographic interferometry. The evolution of the plasma sheets that develop in an initial low-density plasma, where a gas is mainly ionized by a pulse current passing through the plasma and initiating the formation of a current sheet, has been comprehensively studied for the first time. At the early stage of evolution, the spatial structure of such a plasma sheet differs substantially from the classic current sheets forming in a dense plasma. Nevertheless, extended plasma sheets with similar parameters form eventually irrespective of the initial plasma density.     

含单缺陷层的一维可调谐磁化等离子体光子晶体滤波特性研究

采用在等温近似的条件下,以等离子体的上升时间、温度和密度为可调谐参量,用磁化等离子体的分段线形电流密度卷积时域有限差分算法研究了含单一缺陷层的一维磁化等离子体光子晶体的滤波特性.以高斯脉冲为激励源,用算法公式得到的电磁波透射系数来讨论了等离子体上升时间、温度、等离子体层密度对其滤波特性的影响.结果表明,改变等离子体上升时间和等离子体层密度可以实现对滤波通道的调整.谐振频率不能通过改变温度进行调整.     

Spontaneous formation of a plasma hole in a rotating magnetized plasma: a giant burgers vortex in a compressible fluid

Spontaneous formation of a cylindrical density cavity, or "plasma hole," has been observed in a rotating magnetized plasma. Density of the plasma hole is one-tenth of that of ambient plasma and is bounded by a steep transition layer of the order of several ion Larmor radii. The flow velocity field associated with the plasma hole is experimentally determined, exhibiting a monopole vortical structure. It is found that the vorticity distribution is localized near the center of the hole and is identified as a Burgers vortex. This is the first experimental observation of a Burgers vortex in a plasma.     

Amplification of longitudinal plasma oscillations upon a decrease in plasma concentration

Amplification of plasma oscillations in a homogeneous plasma by reducing its concentration is considered. The frequency of plasma oscillations decreases upon a decrease in the plasma concentration, and the resonant velocity of the plasma electrons, which is equal to the wave phase velocity, also decreases. Due to this, the number of resonant electrons exponentially increases in the equilibrium plasma. Since the energy of plasma oscillations is mainly determined by the contribution of the resonant electrons, this energy also increases exponentially.