分子印迹技术在蛋白质识别中的应用进展

分子印迹技术是一种制备具有分子识别能力的聚合物的有效技术,已经广泛应用于制备对小分子具有选择性的分子印迹聚合物,但制备能够特异性识别生物大分子--蛋白质的分子印迹聚合物的研究仍然具有挑战性。本文讨论了制备蛋白质分子印迹聚合物的难点,评述了目前印迹蛋白质的方法及各自的优缺点,展望了蛋白质印迹技术的发展趋势。     

分子印迹技术研究进展

分子印迹是制备具有分子特异识别功能聚合物的一种技术。本文从分子印迹聚合物的识别机理、分子印迹聚合制备条件和制备技术三个方面综述了分子印迹的研究进展,最后展望了分子印迹发展前景。引用文献66篇。     

分子印迹聚合物的设计合成

分子印迹法是制备对特定分子（印迹分子）具有识别选择性的聚合物的技术,近年来,分子印迹法制得的聚合物在分离,分析,免疫测定,催化、模拟酶及生物传感器等方面的应用引起人们的广泛关系。本文介绍了分子印迹技术的基本原理,对分子印迹聚合物合成研究的最新进展进行了综述,评述了各种制备方法的优缺点,拽出了合成技术未来的发展方向。     

新一代分子印迹技术*

分子印迹技术近年来有了迅速的发展,出现了新的分子印迹聚合物的制备技术。本文综述了分子印迹新技术的研究进展。并着重介绍了分子印迹膜技术的发展、组合分子印迹技术、分子印迹微球制备技术、非水凝胶印迹柱的制备技术和新功能单体的应用等新技术。     

流动注射-化学发光分子印迹技术测定敌百虫

采用分子印迹技术,以甲基丙烯酸为聚合物基体,敌百虫为模板分子,制备在空间结构和结合位点上与敌百虫匹配的分子印迹聚合物,采用扫描电镜进行形貌的表征.研究该聚合物的结合特性,测定分子印迹聚合物对敌百虫的吸附和选择识别能力,将分子印迹聚合物制备成柱,利用KMnO4、HCl化学发光体系,建立了测定敌百虫的高选择性分子印迹化学发...     

分子印迹聚合物的制备及其传感器应用研究

分子印迹技术于近十年内得到了飞速的发展,已经成为当前研究的热点之一.本文主要介绍了分子印迹聚合物的原理以及一些常用制备方法.分子印迹聚合物的一个重要应用是在化学传感器中作为识别元件,研制稳定、低成本的分子印迹传感器.分子印迹聚合物在传感器领域的应用是分子印迹技术的一个重要方面,本文综述了分子印迹聚合物在化学传感器方面的应用研究现状,并对分子印迹传感器的发展前景进行了评述.     

分子印迹-仿生传感器的研究进展

分子印迹技术是制备具有选择性分子识别能力聚合物(分子印迹聚合物)的新兴化学合成技术。分子印迹聚合物的一个重要应用是在生物传感器中取代生物分子作为识别元件,研制耐受性强、低成本的分子印迹仿生传感器。综述了分子印迹技术的基本原理及其在仿生传感器方面的应用研究现状,并对分子印迹仿生传感器的发展前景进行了评述。引用文献24篇。     

分子印迹聚合物的制备方法及应用进展

本文对分子印迹聚合物的原理、制备方法和分子印迹聚合物在固相萃取、免疫分析、传感器和药物合成等方面的应用作了详细的介绍.     

基于N-异丙基丙烯酰胺的温敏型分子印迹聚合物

温敏型分子印迹技术是近几年来分子印迹技术新的发展。温敏型分子印迹聚合物以低交联度为特征,对模板分子的吸附容量和选择性随温度变化而改变。本文总结并评述了基于N-异丙基丙烯酰胺的温敏型MIP分子印迹聚合物及其制备方法,指出了温敏型分子印迹技术发展中需要解决的问题。     

分子印迹聚合物微球的制备及应用研究进展

球形分子印迹聚合物具有制备简单、使用方便；分子识别效率高且便于功能设计等优点，近年来成为分子印迹技术领域研究的热点之一。对球形分子印迹聚合物微球的制备及其应用研究进展作了较为详细的介绍。     

表面分子印迹聚合物纳米线用于蛋白质的特异性识别

手性配体交换色谱是拆分手性化合物,特别是氨基酸和羟基酸对映体的一种有效方法,通常以光活性氨基酸或其衍生物为手性选择子,可通过键合及涂渍制备手性固定相,也可作为流动相添加剂来实现手性配体交换色谱分离分析,配体交换键合固定相需要完成载体和手性选择子之间的偶联,键合量因受到载体和制备条件的影响而较难控制,且柱效较低。     

RECENT ADVANCES IN THE PREPARATION OF MOLECULARLY IMPRINTED POLYMERS VIA CONTROLLED RADICAL POLYMERIZATION TECHNIQUES

Molecular imprinting technique is a simple and efficient method for the preparation of polymer materials （i. e., molecularly imprinted polymers, MIPs） with tailor-made recognition sites for certain target molecules. The resulting MIPs have proven to be versatile synthetic receptors due to their high specific recognition ability, favorable mechanical, thermal and chemical stability, and ease of preparation. Recent years have witnessed significant progress in the synthesis and applications of MIPs. This review focus on the recent developments and advances in the preparation of MIPs via various controlled radical polymerization techniques.     

Surface-imprinted polymers in microfluidic devices

Molecularly imprinted polymers are generated by curing a cross-linked polymer in the presence of a template. During the curing process, noncovalent bonds form between the polymer and the template. The interaction sites for the noncovalent bonds become "frozen" in the cross-linking polymer and maintain their shape even after the template is removed. The resulting cavities reproduce the size and shape of the template and can selectively reincorporate the template when a mixture containing it flows over the imprinted surface. In the last few decades the field of molecular imprinting has evolved from being able to selectively capture only small molecules to dealing with all kinds of samples. Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) have been generated for analytes as diverse as metal ions, drug molecules, environmental pollutants, proteins and viruses to entire cells. We review here the relatively new field of surface imprinting, which creates imprints of large, biologically relevant templates. The traditional bulk imprinting, where a template is simply added to a prepolymer before curing, cannot be applied if the analyte is too large to diffuse from the cured polymer. Special methods must be used to generate binding sites only on a surface. Those techniques have solved crucial problems in separation science as well as chemical and biochemical sensing. The implementation of imprinted polymers into microfluidic chips has greatly improved the applicability of microfluidics. We present the latest advances and different approaches of surface imprinting and their applications for microfluidic devices.     

表面印迹聚合物及其在微流控器件中的应用

分子印迹聚合物是通过在模板存在下固化交联的聚合物制备的.在固化过程中,聚合物和模板间形成非共价键.这些非共价结合位点被"冻结"在交联的聚合物中,即使移去模板后也依然维持他们的形状.余下的空穴与模板的尺寸和形状一致,并且可以选择性地从流过的混合物中俘获模板物质.在近几十年中,分子印迹的领域由选择性俘获小分子扩展到处理各种类型的样品.分子印迹聚合物(MIP)被用于分析种类繁多的样品,比如金属离子、药物分子、环境污染物、蛋白、病毒以至整个细胞.本文中我们综述相对较新的领域——表面印迹,这是一种可以用来生成相对较大的生物相关模板的印迹方法.传统的整体印迹法是直接在固化前将模板加入预聚体中,因而不适用于那些大到无法从固化后的聚合物中扩散出来的物质.要仅在表面上生成结合位点,必须要使用特别的方法,由此产生的表面印迹技术解决了分离科学以及化学和生物化学监测的重要问题.将印迹聚合物植入微流控芯片,大大扩展了微流体技术的适用性.本文叙述表面印迹最新的进展以及不同的实施手段,以及它们在微流控器件中的应用.     

表面分子印迹材料和技术在分离分析中的应用进展

复杂体系的高选择性分析对分离新材料和新方法提出了迫切需求。分子印迹聚合物（MIPs）以其特异性高、化学稳定性好、制备简单且成本低等优点,在高选择性分离分析中展现出巨大的应用前景。但以本体聚合为代表的传统合成方法获得的MIPs存在识别位点位于聚合物内部难以识别、模板分子洗脱不彻底、传质速率慢、结合容量低等问题。表面印迹技术制备的核-壳型表面分子印迹材料是解决上述难题的有效途径。通过核体和壳层结构的设计和构建,表面分子印迹材料还可具备多功能、多响应的特性,适于现代分离分析对快速、高效、高选择性的要求。该文主要综述了近几年表面分子印迹技术在样品前处理、化学/生物传感分析及靶向药物递送领域的应用进展。     

Recent advancement of carbon nanomaterials engrained molecular imprinted polymer for environmental matrix

Sample preparation techniques have always been considered as a complex issue in the analytical process. Most of the sample preparation techniques show a lack of selectivity. Molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) is a synthetic approach for sample preparation technique that has the ability of selective extractions. Generally, MIPs are selective sorbent, MIPs are capable of binding a molecule or its geometrical analogues. The imprinted polymers own particular voids exclusively framed for the aimed target analytes. These MIPs have been synthesized through a complex route of polymerization using a dedicated crosslinker, a template and function bound specific monomers (mainly interacting with the template). Despite having various pros like selectivity, morphological predictability, chemical & thermal stability, points alike binding site heterogeneity, partial template removal, and limited application pose a challenge. In this regard, a relatively newer carbon-based MIP method is explored as the molecular imprinting technique in various environmental samples. This paper describes the current scenario in the field of molecular-based imprinting technology using different carbon engrained materials and highlights the latest applications in this field and suggest proposals for the prospect in the area of the MIP.     

Surface molecularly imprinted nanowires for biorecognition

Herein we present a novel method for preparation of surface molecularly imprinted size-monodisperse nanowires. The imprint molecule is immobilized on the pore walls of a silane-treated nanoporous alumina membrane. The nanopores are then filled with the monomer mixture, and the polymerization is initiated. The alumina membrane is subsequently removed by chemical dissolution, leaving behind polypyrrole nanowires with glutamic acid binding sites situated at the surface. These nanowires can be dissolved in aqueous media, and their applications therefore should be compatible with procedures in which biological antibodies might otherwise be used. For example, the analyte molecule can be tagged with various markers, such as fluorescence probes and enzymes, whereby the problem of steric hindrance is avoided. Furthermore, these surface-imprinted nanowires are likely suited for imprinting and recognition of large-molecular-weight peptides and proteins. Related work is currently being undertaken in our laboratory.     

模板结构与分子印迹效果间关系的研究

以一些分子量和体积都较小的简单化合物作为模板分子,合成分子印迹聚合物 。通过总结43种化合物的分子印迹聚合物的色谱数据,来研究模板分子的分子量、 作用位点数目、分子刚性等因素与印迹效果的关系。根据免疫学中免疫原性的定义 ,我们提出“印迹原性”的概念,即,化合物能够产生印迹效应的性质称为印迹原 性;具有印迹原必的化合物称为印迹原;并讨论了具有较强选择性的印迹原的化学 基础。所得到的结论将有助于对分子印迹聚合物的识别机理的进一步理解,并且对 于根据模板分子性质预测MIP分子识别能力将具有一定的指导意义。     

Preparation and application of hollow molecularly imprinted polymers with a super‐high selectivity to the template protein

Protein‐imprinted polymers with hollow cores that have a super‐high imprinting factor were prepared by etching the core of the surface‐imprinted polymers that used silica particles as the support. Lysozyme as template was modified onto the surface of silica particles by a covalent method, and after polymerization and the removal of template molecules, channels through the polymer layer were formed, which allowed a single‐protein molecule to come into the hollow core and attach to the binding sites inside the polymer layer. The adsorption experiments demonstrated that the hollow imprinted polymers had an extremely high binding capacity and selectivity, and thus a super‐high imprinting factor was obtained. The as‐prepared imprinted polymers were used to separate the template lysozyme from egg white successfully, indicating its high selectivity and potential application in the field of separation of protein from real samples.     

Novel functional monomer for the electrochemical synthesis of highly affine epitope-imprinted polymers

To address the lack of functional monomer diversity for the electrosynthesis of protein-selective molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs), we introduce a new concept able to lead to a new class of functional monomers. This is based on conjugating an electropolymerizable monomer unit (umbelliferone) to an amino acid for closer mimicking of protein-based natural affinity ligands such as antibodies. As the first representative of this class of monomers an aspartate-umbelliferone (Asp-UMB) conjugate was synthesized and here we provide the proof for its suitability to generate highly affine MIPs for proteins by epitope imprinting. As model we used a heptapeptide (GFNCYFP) stemming from the receptor binding domain (RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein to generate epitope-imprinted polymers able to recognize the parent RBD protein. For rapid optimization and assessment of the binding kinetics we prepared MIP microarrays on surface plasmon resonance imaging (SPRi) chips. First the peptides were microspotted on the bare gold surface of the chips followed by the electropolymerization of Asp-UMB. This resulted in ca. 2 nm thick, highly uniform, and electrically insulating polymer film, well suited both for hierarchical epitope imprinting and SPRi read-out. Taking advantage also of the on-chip optimization enabled by the microarray format the increased functional diversity of the new monomer resulted in highly affine MIPs with equilibrium dissociation constants in the lower picomolar range.