Image quality measurement besides distortion type classifying

To identify the distortion type and quantify the quality of images, a new method is presented based on a comparison among the structural properties as well as consideration of the luminance characteristics of the two compared images. To fulfill this aim, the mathematical concept of the singular value decomposition (SVD) theorem has been applied. The difference vector of the reflection coefficients of the disturbed and the original image on the right singular vector matrix of the original image are considered. Many tests were conducted to evaluate the performance, using a widespread subjective study involving 779 images from the Live Image Quality Assessment Database, Release 2005. The results showed a greatly improved performance along with the ability to distinguish distortion type of images.     

局部方差在图像质量评价中的应用

将灰度图像的局部方差分布（QLS）作为表征图像结构信息的一个重要特征,对局部方差分布矩阵进行奇异值分解,计算得到相应的奇异值特征向量;通过计算降质图像与原参考图像局部方差矩阵奇异值特征向量的夹角大小度量两图像的结构相似度,实现了对降质图像的质量评价。实验结果表明：局部方差分布更能突出图像的结构特征,评价结果优于传统的均方误差（MSE）、峰值信噪比（PSNR）、结构相似度（SSIM）以及直接评价图像像素分布的奇异值分析（SVD）等方法,与人眼视觉感知效果的一致性较好。     

Multi-Focus Image Fusion Method Based on Multi-Scale Decomposition of Information Complementary

Multi-focus image fusion is an important method used to combine the focused parts from source multi-focus images into a single full-focus image. Currently, to address the problem of multi-focus image fusion, the key is on how to accurately detect the focus regions, especially when the source images captured by cameras produce anisotropic blur and unregistration. This paper proposes a new multi-focus image fusion method based on the multi-scale decomposition of complementary information. Firstly, this method uses two groups of large-scale and small-scale decomposition schemes that are structurally complementary, to perform two-scale double-layer singular value decomposition of the image separately and obtain low-frequency and high-frequency components. Then, the low-frequency components are fused by a rule that integrates image local energy with edge energy. The high-frequency components are fused by the parameter-adaptive pulse-coupled neural network model (PA-PCNN), and according to the feature information contained in each decomposition layer of the high-frequency components, different detailed features are selected as the external stimulus input of the PA-PCNN. Finally, according to the two-scale decomposition of the source image that is structure complementary, and the fusion of high and low frequency components, two initial decision maps with complementary information are obtained. By refining the initial decision graph, the final fusion decision map is obtained to complete the image fusion. In addition, the proposed method is compared with 10 state-of-the-art approaches to verify its effectiveness. The experimental results show that the proposed method can more accurately distinguish the focused and non-focused areas in the case of image pre-registration and unregistration, and the subjective and objective evaluation indicators are slightly better than those of the existing methods.     

奇异值非线性修正的低对比度红外图像实时增强

由于场景中目标与背景的温差相对较小,红外图像会存在对比度低、视觉效果差的问题,针对这一问题,提出一种基于奇异值非线性修正的红外图像对比度实时增强方法。该方法首先对红外图像进行奇异值分解得到其原始奇异值,然后采用一个对数型非线性变换对图像奇异值进行优化,最后根据修正的奇异值重构出对比度增强的红外图像。利用对数型非线性变换修正图像奇异值不仅能够有效拉伸奇异值的动态范围,同时可优化奇异值的变化梯度,使图像的能量信息得到更充分地表达,改善红外图像不良的视觉效果。实验结果表明,该方法较几种对比方法在视觉效果和客观评价方面均具有更优的增强性能;同时体现出良好的实时性,为实现红外图像的实时增强提供了新途径。     

一种基于梯度幅度值的图像质量客观评价方法

提出一种新的图像质量的客观评价方法,该方法用图像梯度幅值的累加和作为衡量图像质量的指标,无需原始图像作参考,适合于两幅以上同源图像对比来相对地评价图像质量。实验结果表明,该方法所用的指标能比较准确地反映图像的质量,符合人眼的视觉特征,且计算简单,易于快速实现。     

红外与可见光融合图像的质量评价

为了提高融合图像质量评价中评价结果与人眼视觉特性的一致性,分析了现有融合图像质量评价方法,提出了一种基于图像结构信息复数表示的融合图像质量评价方法,通过计算图像亮度分量的梯度,构成了一种表征图像结构信息的梯度复数矩阵,用该矩阵表征图像的结构信息。考虑到复数无法计算互信息等参数,将分块奇异值分解后得到的矩阵作为度量矩阵,采用该矩阵计算了两种融合图像质量评价方法。实验结果表明,该方法提高了评价结果与人眼视觉特性的一致性,对于融合效果较好的金字塔和小波方法给出了3.748 5和3.722 2的评价结果,与人眼视觉特性的一致性优于传统方法。     

基于图像内容视觉感知的图像质量客观评价方法

图像质量客观评价在图像和视频传输、编解码以及服务质量中起着非常重要的作用.然而现有的方法往往没有考虑图像内容特征及其视觉感知,使得其质量客观评价与主观感知结果存在一定的差距.基于此,本文结合图像内容的复杂性特征和人眼的掩蔽特性、对比敏感度特性以及亮度感知的非线性特性,提出了一种基于人眼对图像内容感知的图像质量客观评价方法.该方法首先结合亮度感知的非线性模型将图像进行转换,得到人眼感知强度图;再分别以人眼对比敏感度值和图像局部平均对比度值作为权重因子对强度求和,以求和的数据信息作为人眼感知图像的内容,并构建图像感知模型;最后以此模型分别模拟人眼感知参考图像和失真图像,并计算二者的强度差,以强度差为评价分数的基础构建图像质量客观评价模型.采用LIVE,TID2008和CSIQ三个数据库中的共47幅参考图像和1549幅测试图像进行仿真实验,且与SSIM,VSNR,FSIM和PSNRHVS等典型的图像质量客观评价模型进行对比分析,同时探讨影响图像质量评价的因素.结果表明:所提方法的评价分数与主观评价分数的Pearson线性相关性系数和Spearman秩相关系数值比SSIM的评价结果均有一定程度的提高,提高幅度分别平均为9.5402%和3.2852%,比PSNRHVS和VSNR提高幅度更大.综合以上表明:所提方法是一种有效可行的图像质量客观评价方法;同时,在图像质量客观评价中,考虑人眼对图像内容的感知和复杂度的分析有助于提高图像质量主客观评价的一致性,评价精度可得到进一步的提高.     

An optimal robust digital image watermarking based on SVD using differential evolution algorithm

The main objective in developing a robust image watermarking technique is to obtain the highest possible robustness without losing the transparency. To achieve this objective, this paper presents a new optimal robust image watermarking technique based on singular value decomposition (SVD) using differential evolution algorithm (DE). The singular values (SV) of the host image are modified by multiple scaling factors to embed a watermark image. The modifications are optimised using DE to achieve maximum robustness and transparency Experimental results show that the proposed approach can effectively improve the quality of the watermarked image and the robustness of the embedded watermark against various attacks.     

局部方差在图像质量评价中的应用

将灰度图像的局部方差分布(QLS)作为表征图像结构信息的一个重要特征,对局部方差分布矩阵进行奇异值分解,计算得到相应的奇异值特征向量;通过计算降质图像与原参考图像局部方差矩阵奇异值特征向量的夹角大小度量两图像的结构相似度,实现了对降质图像的质量评价。实验结果表明:局部方差分布更能突出图像的结构特征,评价结果优于传统的均方误差(MSE)、峰值信噪比(PSNR)、结构相似度(SSIM)以及直接评价图像像素分布的奇异值分析(SVD)等方法,与人眼视觉感知效果的一致性较好。     

彩色遥感图像薄云去除方法

针对彩色遥感图像中薄云带来的降质问题,提出了一种基于低秩矩阵分解的去云方法。将彩色遥感图像分成三个单通道图像,对每一个通道进行低秩矩阵分解,得到单通道薄云信息;根据薄云在三个通道中均匀分布的特点,选取合适的阈值对薄云信息进行自动判定,提取代表三个通道的薄云图像;用三个通道的图像分别减去对应通道的薄云图像,并融合三个通道的结果得到去云后的彩色遥感图像。实验结果表明,该方法不仅能够保留无云区域信息的完整性,而且对有云区域的处理在主观视觉效果和客观评价指标上都具有较好的效果。     

基于奇异值分解和中位数绝对偏差的拉曼成像数据去噪方法

拉曼成像是一种无损伤、无需标记的光谱成像技术,它可以提供样品的不同组分的分子指纹信息以及空间分布特征,相比其他成像技术有着更重要的应用。但是拉曼散射的截面积小,灵敏度低,加上在很多实验中为了观察某些组分的动态分布而缩短扫描时间,导致最终得到的成像数据被噪声干扰,因此往往需要对信号进行去噪处理。常规的算法一般都是基于一个给定的数学模型对光谱进行处理,容易造成过滤波,使得信号失真;另外,在处理拉曼成像数据时,常规算法往往是对数据进行逐条光谱去噪,从而忽略了多条光谱之间的相互关系,导致最终的拉曼图像仍然受许多噪点干扰。因此,提出了一种基于奇异值分解和中位数绝对偏差的拉曼成像的信号处理方法,用于拉曼成像数据的去噪处理。该方法首先对拉曼成像数据进行奇异值分解,获得一个奇异值矩阵与两个正交矩阵;然后通过中位数绝对偏差法对奇异值矩阵中的各奇异值进行离群值检测,选取前k个被连续标记的离群值作为要保留的奇异值,并将其余的奇异值赋值为零,得到新的奇异值矩阵;最后用新的奇异值矩阵与两个正交矩阵重新求解得到去噪后的拉曼成像数据。实验中,首先验证了中位数绝对偏差法确定前k个奇异值的正确性,其次分别从处理后的图像质量和信号波形两方面对比了该算法与常规算法的去噪效果。结果证明,中位数绝对偏差法可以快速地确定出合理的k值大小,而且,依据该k值处理后的成像数据不仅在成像质量上消除了大量的噪点,使得组分的空间分布特征清晰可见,也在信号波形上较完美地保留了微小谱峰,并恢复光谱信号。该算法不同于常规算法,能同时对整个拉曼成像数据进行处理,并保留光谱之间的统计特征,是一种更加有效的拉曼成像数据的去噪方法。     

Entropy-Based Combined Metric for Automatic Objective Quality Assessment of Stitched Panoramic Images

Quality assessment of stitched images is an important element of many virtual reality and remote sensing applications where the panoramic images may be used as a background as well as for navigation purposes. The quality of stitched images may be decreased by several factors, including geometric distortions, ghosting, blurring, and color distortions. Nevertheless, the specificity of such distortions is different than those typical for general-purpose image quality assessment. Therefore, the necessity of the development of new objective image quality metrics for such type of emerging applications becomes obvious. The method proposed in the paper is based on the combination of features used in some recently proposed metrics with the results of the local and global image entropy analysis. The results obtained applying the proposed combined metric have been verified using the ISIQA database, containing 264 stitched images of 26 scenes together with the respective subjective Mean Opinion Scores, leading to a significant increase of its correlation with subjective evaluation results.     

基于局部约束群稀疏的红外图像超分辨率重建

针对红外图像分辨率低、视觉质量差等问题,提出基于局部约束群稀疏模型的红外图像超分辨率重建方法.考虑到红外图像的纹理自相似性和原子系数的群结构稀疏性,首先建立了基于局部约束的群稀疏表示模型.然后,在假定低分辨率图像空间和高分辨率图像空间具有相似流形的前提下,联合局部约束群稀疏表示模型和K-SVD(K奇异值分解)方法,训练得到高低分辨率图像对应的群结构字典对.最后,通过高分辨字典和对应的红外图像群稀疏表示系数重建得到高分辨率的红外图像.实验结果表明,本文方法具有更好的超分辨率效果,无论是在客观评价指标还是主观视觉效果方面都有明显的提高.     

A novel image fusion algorithm based on nonsubsampled shearlet transform

To overcome the shortcoming of traditional image fusion method based on multi-scale transform, a novel adaptive image fusion algorithm based on nonsubsampled shearlet transform (NSST) is proposed. Firstly, the NSST is utilized to decompose the source images on various scales and in different directions, and the low frequency sub-band and bandpass sub-band coefficients are obtained. Secondly, for the low frequency sub-band coefficients, the singular value decomposition method in the gradient domain is used to estimate the local structure information of image, and an adaptive ‘weighted averaging’ fusion rule based on the sigmoid function and the extracted features is presented. To improve the quality of fused image, a novel sum-modified-Laplacian (NSML), which can extract more useful information from source images, is employed as the measurement to select bandpass sub-band coefficients. Finally, the fused image is obtained by performing the inverse NSST on the combined coefficients. The proposed fusion method is verified on several sets of multi-source images, and the experimental results show that the proposed approach can significantly outperform the conventional image fusion methods in terms of both objective evaluation criteria and visual quality.     

基于奇异值分解的运动模糊图像广义逆恢复方法

当线性模型应用于运动模糊模糊图像的恢复时,方程的最小二乘解是恢复图像的最优线性无偏估计。由于图像退化过程的不适定性,当观测值受到噪声干扰时,该解往往会远偏离真值。为了克服这个问题,通过对退化矩阵的奇异值分解,提取其不易受干扰的子空间,用该空间重构的逆矩阵具有良好抑噪能力,使图像在较长的运动模糊尺度内恢复时保持较低的失真。     

基于平移不变剪切波变换域图像融合算法

针对传统基于多尺度变换的图像融合方法存在的缺点,提出了一种基于平移不变剪切波变换域的自适应图像融合新方法.首先,使用平移不变剪切波变换对源图像进行分解,得到低频子带及方向带通子带系数.然后,对于低频子带系数采用梯度域奇异值分解方法估计图像的局部结构信息,提出了基于提取的特征与S函数的可变加权融合策略;对于各方向带通子带系数,提出了一种基于改进的拉普拉斯能量和匹配的"加权平均"和选择相结合的系数选择策略.最后,对得到的融合系数进行逆变换得到融合图像.通过实验可以发现相比于传统的图像融合方法,本文方法得到了更高的客观指标,融合图像视觉效果更好.     

Image quality assessment metrics by using directional projection

Objective image quality mcasure, which is a fundamental and challenging job in image processing, evaluates the image quality consistently with human perception automatically. On the assumption that any image distortion could be modeled as the difference between the directional projection-based maps of reference and distortion images, wc propose a new objective quality assessment method based on directional projection for full reference model. Experimental results show that the proposed metrics are well consistent with the subjective quality score.     

基于改进的空域相关的多聚焦图像融合

提出了一种简单有效的像素级多聚焦图像融合方法。针对正交小波变换缺乏平移不变性而产生视觉失真的缺陷,采用Atrous算法将原图像分解在不同频率域上。Atrous算法先将滤波器h0(n),h1(n)各点间插入适当的零值后再与低频信号做卷积,故又称为"多孔算法"。将具有抑制噪声性能的空阈相关法作为高频子图像的融合规则,选取相关性强边缘特征显著的点作为最终融合子图像的像素点。实验表明,由此融合的图像能完好的保留边缘纹理信息。融合后的图像在客观评价和主管视觉效果上均有提高。     

基于灰度校正的子孔径图像拼接算法

在多探测器子孔径组合图像拼接过程中。由于子图像边缘质量差、重叠区域少,而造成拼接图像拼缝明显。为此提出了先对子图像进行灰度校正,再进行图像拼接的新算法。该算法结构简单．易于硬件实现。便于移植到实时多探测器组合图像拼接系统中。仿真结果表明．拼接后图像重叠区平滑过渡,效果良好。     

基于边缘的SSIM图像质量客观评价方法

在图像处理领域中,准确判断所处理图像的质量是一项关键技术.本文在基于结构相似度的图像质量评价方法的基础上,考虑了边缘信息对人眼感知结构的重要性,提出了基于边缘结构相似度的图像质量评价方法.实验中,对实验图像进行客观指标的提取与计算,最后统计分析实验数据.结果表明,该方法对图像质量的评价结果优于基于结构相似度的图像质量评价方法,能够正确反映图像质量且更加符合人眼的主观感受.