Half-lives of the Tz=1/2 series nuclei, 81Zr and 85Mo

Excited states with spin larger than 5 were newly established in the ¹³²Cs nucleus via the ¹²⁴Sn(¹¹B,3n) reaction. Rotational bands built on the νh_11/2 ? πd_5/2, νh_11/2 ? πg_7/2 and νh_11/2 ? πh_11/2 configurations were observed up to spin I ～ 16. The νh_11/2 ? πh_11/2 band shows inverted signature splitting below I < 14. A dipole band was firstly observed in doubly odd Cs nuclei.     

Superdeformation in194Pb

High spin states in the odd- odd nucleus¹²⁴Cs have been investigated within theNordball collaboration. In the yrast cascade which is determined as a πh_11/2 ? νh_11/2 configuration, a rather large signature splitting in the ratios, B(M1)/B(E2), has been observed. Furthermore, signature inversion is suggested in the lower spin part of the yrast band.     

Rotational bands in the doubly odd 130Cs nucleus

The band structures built on the 5^- isomeric state ( T _1/2 = 3.46 m) in the doubly odd ¹³⁰Cs nucleus have been established up to I = 24? via the ¹²⁴Sn(¹¹B, 5n)¹³⁰Cs reaction. The previously observed bands based on the πh _11/2⊗νh _11/2, πg _7/2⊗νh _11/2 and πd _5/2⊗νh _11/2 configurations and a positive-parity side band with multiple connections to the α = 0 signature partner of the yrast πh _11/2⊗νh _11/2 band have been extended to higher spins. A new band based on the πh _11/2⊗νg _7/2 configuration is observed. The yrast πh _11/2⊗νh _11/2 band exhibits anomalous signature splitting whose magnitude decreases up to spin 15 and then increases without restoring the normal signature splitting. Received: 20 February 2001 / Accepted: 9 May 2001     

Collective properties of129Cs

High-spin properties of¹²⁹Cs have been investigated following¹¹⁶Cd(¹⁸O, p4nγ) and¹²²Sn(¹¹B, 4nγ) reactions. Rotational bands built on h_11/2,g_7/2, and d_5/2 singleproton states were observed. At higher spins, band-crossings attributed to the alignment of h_11/2 neutrons were observed. A comparison with total Routhian cranking calculations support this interpretation.     

Rotational structures in the 125Cs nucleus

The collective band structures of the ¹²⁵Cs nucleus have been investigated by in-beam γ-ray spectroscopic techniques following the ¹¹⁰Pd ( ¹⁹F, 4n) reaction at 75MeV. The previously known level scheme, with rotational bands built on πg_7/2, πg_9/2 and πh_11/2 orbitals, has been extended and evolves into bands involving rotationally aligned ν(h_11/2)² and π(h_11/2)² quasiparticles. A strongly coupled band has been reassigned a high-K πh_11/2 ⊗ νg_7/2 ⊗ νh_11/2 three-quasiparticle configuration and a new side band likely to be its chiral partner has been identified. Configurations assigned to various bands are discussed in the framework of Principal/Tilted Axis Cranking (PAC/TAC) model calculations.     

First observation of the excited states in the doubly odd nucleus118Cs identified throughγ-recoil coincidences

The previously unknown nucleus¹¹⁸Cs has been identified through γ-γ and γ-recoil coincidences using the GASP γ-spectrometer and Recoil Mass Spectrometer. The level scheme constructed on the base of triple γ coincidences shows a collective structure based on the π^?1g_9/2?νh_11/2 configuration.     

Rotational structures in 123Cs

High-spin states in ¹²³Cs, populated via the ¹⁰⁰Mo ( ²⁸Si, p4n) fusion-evaporation reaction at E _lab = 130 MeV, have been investigated employing in-beam γ-ray spectroscopic techniques. Rotational bands, built on πg _7/2, πg _9/2 and the unique-parity πh _11/2 orbitals, have been extended and evolve into bands involving rotationally aligned ν(h _11/2)² and π(h _11/2)² quasiparticles. A three-quasiparticle band based on the high-K πh _11/2 ⊗ νg _7/2 ⊗ νh _11/2 configuration has also been observed. Total Routhian Surface (TRS) calculations have been used to predict the nuclear shape parameters ( β₂, β₄, γ) for the various assigned configurations. The assigned configurations have been discussed in the framework of a microscopic theory based on the deformed Hartree-Fock (HF) and angular-momentum projection techniques.     

The local structure of Cs(I) and Cs(II) in a Cs2ZnCl4 single crystal studied by nuclear magnetic resonance

The rotation patterns of the ¹³³Cs (I=7/2) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) in a Cs₂ZnCl₄ single crystal grown by using the slow evaporation method were measured in two mutually perpendicular crystal planes. Two different groups of Cs resonances were recorded; this result points to the existence of two types of crystallographically inequivalent Cs(I) and Cs(II). The angular dependences of the NMR spectra led to different values for the quadrupole coupling constants and asymmetry parameters: e²qQ/h=148 kHz and η=0.11 for the Cs(I) ion, and e²qQ/h=274 kHz and η=0.66 for the Cs(II) ion. The EFG tensors of Cs(I) and Cs(II) are asymmetric, and the orientations of the principal axes of the EFG tensors do not coincide. Only, the principal Y-axes of the EFG tensors coincide for the Cs(I) and Cs(II) sites. The Cs(I) ion is surrounded by 11 chlorine ions, making it rather free and high in symmetry. The Cs(II) ion has only nine neighbors and seems to be more tight than the Cs(I) ion.     

New isomers and their decay in odd-odd neutron-deficient cesium isotopes

By a systematic on-line cesium mass separation fromA=122 toA=132 and subsequent gamma and electron decay spectroscopy at very low energy, new isomers have been precisely identified:^122m Cs (T _1/2=0.36±0.02 s),^124m Cs (T _1/2=6.3±0.2 s) and^130m Cs (T _1/2=3.46±0.06 min). Detailed level schemes are given for both^124m Cs and^130m Cs. Comparison of excited levels known in the odd-odd nuclei of the same region shows that more experimental informations are needed to propose a clear and realistic picture of the nuclear states structure. Radioactivity:^{122m, 124m, 130m} Cs [from La or Ce,³Hexn]-measuredT _1/2,E _γ,I _γ,E _CE ,I _CE ,γ-γ-t, γ-ce coinc.; deduced ICC,^{124, 130}Cs deduced levels,J, π. Online mass separated sources, Ge(Li), intrinsic Ge, Si(Li), magnetic electron selector.     

Collective quadrupole dynamics and the band structure of the nucleus 127Cs

Excited states of ¹²⁷₅₅Cs were populated in the ¹²⁷I(α, 4n)¹²⁷Cs reaction. Singles, prompt and delayed γ-ray spectra, γγ coincidence spectra, angular distributions and excitation functions were measured, and negative and positive parity bands established. The h_{$\text{11}\text{2}$} families of excited levels in ^{127, 129}Cs and ¹³³La were reproduced by core-particle coupling calculations, regardless of whether the cores were taken to be rigid triaxial rotors or to have all five quadrupole degrees of freedom. The hamiltonians for the latter case were based on microscopic calculations which attribute an important role to the γ-dependence of the mass functions for collective quadrupole motion. From a core-quasiparticle analysis of the positive-parity levels in ¹²⁷Cs, indications of a “Coriolis attenuation” anomaly were inferred.     

High-spin states of<Superscript>125</Superscript>Sb: Particle-core excitation coupling

Excited states of¹²⁵Sb have been studied using in-beam γ spectroscopy techniques via the¹²⁴Sn(⁷Li, α2n) reaction at a beam energy of 32 MeV. A high-spin level scheme including 21 new γ-transitions and 14 new excited states have been established. Three isomers have been identified at 1970, 2110 and 2471 keV and the ranges of their half-lives have been estimated from the delayed coincidence data. The level structure of¹²⁵Sb is discussed in terms of particle-core excitation coupling. With the help of empirical shell model calculations the three isomers are proposed to have three-quasiparticle πg_7/2⊗v(h _11/2 s _1/2)₅₋, πg_7/2⊗v(h _11/2 d _3/2)₇₋ and πg_7/2⊗v(h ₁₁^2/2)₁₀ ⁺ configurations, respectively.     

Yrast states in the π- particle ν- hole nucleus 65 146 Tb81

The nucleus ¹⁴⁶Tb was studied from in beam γγ-and conversion electron measurements. The level scheme was established up to ～5MeV above the (πh_11/2 vd _3/2 ^?1 )_5? β-isomer. In addition to the known (πh_11/2 vh _11/2 ^?1 )₁₀₊ E3-isomer, the 8⁺ and 11⁺ members of this configuration were located. The levels at the yrast line are dominated by the couplings of the πh_11/2 vh _11/2 ^?1 valence nucleons to the collective 3^? octupole state and to the πh_11/2d _5/2 ^?1 and πh_11/2g _7/2 ^?1 particle-hole excitations of ¹⁴⁶Gd.     

New in-beam data on125Xe and reinterpretation of negative-parity levels in odd-A neutron deficient Xe isotopes

In-beam data have been obtained on¹²⁵Xe produced in the¹²⁴Te(α, 3n) reaction and have led to new experimental results on theh _11/2 band structure in contradiction with earlier works. From these results, the negative-parity levels known in the odd-A ^123–133Xe isotopes are reinterpreted in the frame of the triaxial rotor model.     

Seniority inverted yrast states observed in 69 153 Tm84

Through an in-beam study of the ₆₉ ¹⁵³ Tm₈₄ nucleus we have identified the πh ₁₁ ^2/5 /2νf ₇ ^2/2 and πh ₁₁ ^2/5 νf_7/2h_9/2 7-valence particle configurations up to their fully aligned spins of 47/2^? and 51/2^?. Shell model calculations predict that in the πh ₁₁ ^2/5 νf_7/2h_9/2 configuration, contrary to the π ₁₁ ^2/5 νf ₇ ^2/2 case, the h_11/2 proton seniority does not increase regularly with spin. This seniority inversion is verified by the data.     

Shell model yrast states in theN=79 nuclei141Sm and143Gd

In (α,5n) in-beam γ- and electron measurements we have established high-spin states in the 3-neutronhole nuclei¹⁴¹Sm and¹⁴³Gd. Observed energy levels below 4 MeV are interpreted in terms of shell model configurations where the odd h_11/2 neutron hole couples to the N=80 core excitations containing one h_11/2 proton particle or one h_11/2 neutron hole. Higher-lying yrast states are built on a 23/2? level at Rd 3.2 MeV probably involving the πh ₁ ^2/2 guh ₁₁ ^2/?1 configUTa-tion.     

Parities of strong dipole ground state transitions in88Sr

By on-line mass separation and subsequent gamma and electron decay-spectroscopy at very low energy, two new isomers,^124mCs (T_1/2=6.3 ±0.3 seconds) and^127mBa (T_1/2=1.9±0.2 seconds) have been identified.     

Observation of band structures in the odd-odd nucleus126La

The odd-odd nucleus¹²⁶La has been studied in the reactions¹¹¹Cd(¹⁹F,4n) and⁹³Nb(³⁷Cl,p3n). Three band structures have been identified, two of them having both signature members and ΔI=1 character. These are proposed, respectively, to have πh_11/2 ? νh_11/2 and πh_11/2 ? νg_7/2 configurations and tentative 4⁺ and 3^? band heads.     

Collective structures of the <Superscript>131</Superscript>Cs nucleus

The collective structures of ¹³¹Cs have been investigated by in-beam -ray spectroscopic techniques following the ¹²⁴Sn (^11B , 4n) reaction at a beam energy E_lab = 57MeV. The previously established rotational bands, built on g_7/2, d_5/2 and the unique-parity h_11/2 orbitals, have been extended and evolve into new bands involving rotationally aligned (h_11/2)² and (h_11/2)² quasiparticles. In addition, a new multiquasiparticle band based on the g_7/2 g_7/2 h_11/2 configuration has also been observed. Theoretical interpretations for the assigned configurations are discussed in the framework of Total Routhian Surface (TRS) and Tilted Axis Cranking (TAC) model calculations. TAC model calculations predict a decrease in the B(M1) values with increasing rotational frequency for the g_7/2/d_5/2 (h_11/2)² and h_11/2 (h_11/2)² bands, thus indicating a magnetic rotation character for these bands.     

Proton- and neutron H11/2 excitations in 63 141 Eu78

An (α,p6n) in-beam γ-ray experiment has established the high-spin states of the N=78 nucleus¹⁴¹Eu up to I=35/2^? at 4.4 MeV excitation. The levels above 3 MeV involve the couplings of the h_11/2 valence proton to either two aligned h_11/2 proton particles or two aligned h_11/2 neutron holes. The observed spin sequences are in accord with the shell model for these couplings.     

Inelasticα-scattering from100Mo

The level scheme of¹²³Ba has been extended. Bands based on the [523]7/2^? and [402]5/2⁺ Nilsson configurations were established to spins 59/2 (67/2 tentatively) and 29/2, respectively. The first backbend in this region is found to be caused by the alignment of a pair of h_11/2 protons. For the first time in this mass region there is evidence for a second crossing due to the alignment of an h_11/2 neutron pair in a neutron h_11/2 band. The experimental results are compared with self-consistent cranking calculations. A previous suggestion that large γ-deformation is needed to explain the observed bandheads is not supported.