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锂离子电池爆炸机理分析 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
研究L iCoO2(或L1.05Co1/3N i1/3Mn3O2)/L ixC6锂离子电池材料的热分解特性以及锂离子电池在加热、过充、短路等情况下的爆炸机理.实验表明,50~350℃之间负极表面存在SEI膜的分解、L ixC6与电解液乃至L ixC6与PVDF等3种放热反应,电解液于178℃时开始放热,L i1-xCo1/3N i1/3Mn1/3O2的热分解反应起始于230℃.锂离子电池在150℃加热时爆炸,1.5 C过充至15 m in时爆炸,短路情况下不发生爆炸. 相似文献
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应用电池挤压试验机研究了锂离子电池内部短路失效过程,并由DSC、GC/MS和XRD分析了电池内部的正极、负极和电解液之间在不同温度下的反应机理.实验表明,正极Li0.5CoO2与电解液的反应是导致电池内部短路失效的根本原因.电池因内部短路发热,一旦温度达到正极Li0.5CoO2的分解温度时,正极瞬时分解,并释放出O2.后者与电解液瞬间发生剧烈反应,同时放出大量CO2气体,冲破电池壳体,造成电池发生爆炸.其中SEI膜自身的分解反应以及负极与电解液在初期的反应都为正极与电解液反应起了积累热量的作用. 相似文献
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功能添加剂对锂离子电池的防过充电化学行为研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
研究了功能添加剂3-氯苯甲醚(3CA)和联苯(BP)联合使用在锂离子电池电解液中的防过充行为。通过采用微电极循环伏安法、动电位扫描分析、扫描电镜法和充放电法等手段研究表明:联苯和3-氯苯甲醚混合添加剂的聚合电位随3-氯苯甲醚含量的增加由4.7V前移至4.6V (vs. Li/Li+);电池在正常工作电压(2.75V~4.2V)下,添加剂不参与电池反应过程;当电压高于4.2V电池发生过充时,3-氯苯甲醚在电极表面首先发生氧化还原飞梭分流限压对电池进行过充保护;电压继续升高时,联苯在电极表面发生电聚合反应,生成的聚合膜表面光滑致密是电子的良导体能有效的阻止Li+的嵌入与脱出,并通过自放电使电池处于安全状态,防止电池过充发生爆炸。两种防过充机制共同作用,对电池实施多重护防,提高了电池的安全性能。 相似文献
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锂离子电池由于兼具高比能量和高比功率的显著优势,被认为是最具发展潜力的动力电池体系。目前制约大容量锂离子动力电池应用的最主要障碍是电池的安全性,即电池在过充、短路、冲压、穿刺、振动、高温热冲击等滥用条件下,极易发生爆炸或燃烧等不安全行为。其中,过充电是引发锂离子电池不安全行为的最危险因素之一。 相似文献
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通过在锂离子电池电解液中添加4-溴苯甲醚(4-Bromoanisole, 简称4BA)来提高锂离子电池的过充保护能力. 对电池分别进行了过充实验、循环伏安扫描、红外光谱分析、交流阻抗和容量特性测试, 实验结果表明, 在1 mol8226;L-1 LiPF6/EC+DEC+DMC(质量比1/1/1)中添加5% 的4BA(质量分数)时, 当外加电压为4.4 V(相对于Li/Li+)时, 4BA开始发生电聚合反应且生成高分子聚合物膜, 使电池内阻增大而阻止电压的升高, 从而使电池处于比较安全的状态. 该体系正常充放电过程中, 添加5%的4BA对电池容量特性基本没有影响, 4BA 的防过充机理为阻断机理. 相似文献
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Yan-Bing He Guo-Wei Ling Zhi-Yuan Tang Quan-Sheng Song Quan-Hong Yang Wu Chen Wei Lv Yan-Jun Su Qiang Xu 《Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry》2010,14(5):751-756
The carbon-coated LiFePO4 materials were synthesized, and their structure and morphology were characterized by X-ray diffraction and transmission electron
microscopy. The safety and heating mechanism of the 066094-type liquid state soft pack high power batteries with carbon-coated
LiFePO4/graphite electrodes under abusive conditions, such as overcharge, overdischarge, and short current were extensively investigated.
It was found that the increase in the temperature of the LiFePO4/graphite high power batteries during overcharge was attributed to the reaction of the electrolyte decomposition and the Joule
heat. The batteries were heated rapidly by the irreversible heat generated from the current passing through the electrodes
during short current. The temperature rise of the batteries which were overdischarged to 0 V was mainly due to the Joule heat.
The overdischarge at 1 C/0 V almost did not influence the cycling performance of the batteries. The batteries did not fire,
smoke, and explode under the above-mentioned abusive conditions. Therefore, the 066094-type liquid state soft film pack high
power batteries with carbon-coated LiFePO4/graphite electrodes showed excellent safety performance. 相似文献
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Electrolyte is essentially important for electrochemical and safety performance of batteries. The pseudoconcentrated electrolyte, with lean solvent but anion-involved solvation sheath and heterogeneous long-range structure, endows the electrolyte with superior interfacial properties and the bulk properties, enabling the high-voltage lithium-ion battery, lithium-metal battery, and sodium battery with outstanding electrochemical performances. Nonflammable solvents as diluent in the pseudoconcentrated electrolyte can reach 30–60% by volume share, making the electrolyte nonflammable and then showing great possibility in mitigating the thermal runaway of the battery. As a new family of liquid electrolyte, nonflammable pseudoconcentrated electrolyte is promising for high safety and high energy density secondary batteries. 相似文献
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Tien-Yuan Lu Chung-Cheng Chiang Sheng-Hung Wu Kuan-Chung Chen Shinn-Jou Lin Chia-Yuan Wen Chi-Min Shu 《Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry》2013,114(3):1083-1088
In this study, the thermal hazard features of various lithium-ion batteries, such as LiCoO2 and LiFePO4, were assessed properly by calorimetric techniques. Vent sizing package 2 (VSP2), an adiabatic calorimeter, was used to measure the thermal hazards and runaway characteristics of the 18650 lithium-ion batteries under an adiabatic condition. The thermal behaviors of the lithium-ion batteries were obtained at normal and abnormal conditions in this study. The critical parameters for thermal hazardous behavior of lithium-ion batteries were obtained including the exothermic onset temperature (T 0), heat of decomposition (ΔH), maximum temperature (T max), maximum pressure (P max), self-heating rate (dT/dt), and pressure rise rate (dP/dt). Therefore, the result indicates the thermal runaway situation of the lithium-ion battery with different materials and voltages in view the of TNT-equivalent method by VSP2. The hazard gets greater with higher voltage. Without the consideration of other anti-pressure measurements, different voltages involving 3.3, 3.6, 3.7, and 4.2 V are evaluated to 0.11, 0.23, 0.88, and 1.77 g of TNT. Further estimation of thermal runaway reaction and decomposition reaction of lithium-ion battery can also be confirmed by VSP2. It shows that the battery of a fully charged state is more dangerous than that of a storage state. The technique results showed that VSP2 can be used to strictly evaluate thermal runaway reaction and thermal decomposition behaviors of lithium-ion batteries. The loss prevention and thermal hazard assessment are very important for development of electric vehicles as well as other appliances in the future. Therefore, our results could be applied to define important safety indices of lithium-ion batteries for safety concerns. 相似文献
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Ao Li Anthony Chun Yin Yuen Wei Wang Ivan Miguel De Cachinho Cordeiro Cheng Wang Timothy Bo Yuan Chen Jin Zhang Qing Nian Chan Guan Heng Yeoh 《Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)》2021,26(2)
In recent years, the applications of lithium-ion batteries have emerged promptly owing to its widespread use in portable electronics and electric vehicles. Nevertheless, the safety of the battery systems has always been a global concern for the end-users. The separator is an indispensable part of lithium-ion batteries since it functions as a physical barrier for the electrode as well as an electrolyte reservoir for ionic transport. The properties of separators have direct influences on the performance of lithium-ion batteries, therefore the separators play an important role in the battery safety issue. With the rapid developments of applied materials, there have been extensive efforts to utilize these new materials as battery separators with enhanced electrical, fire, and explosion prevention performances. In this review, we aim to deliver an overview of recent advancements in numerical models on battery separators. Moreover, we summarize the physical properties of separators and benchmark selective key performance indicators. A broad picture of recent simulation studies on separators is given and a brief outlook for the future directions is also proposed. 相似文献
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N-Phenylmaleimide as a new polymerizable additive for overcharge protection of lithium-ion batteries
《Electrochemistry communications》2008,10(5):727-730
Electrochemical properties and overcharge behavior of N-phenylmaleimide (NPM) as a new polymerizable electrolyte additive for overcharge protection of lithium-ion batteries are studied by cyclic voltammetry, charge–discharge performance, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results show that NPM can electrochemically polymerize at the overcharge potential of 3.8–4.2 V (vs. Li/Li+) and form a thin polymer film on the surface of the cathode, thus preventing voltage runaway. On the other hand, the use of NPM as an overcharge protection electrolyte additive does not influence the normal performance of lithium-ion batteries. 相似文献
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在锂离子电池电解液1 mol·L-1 LiPF6/(碳酸乙烯酯(EC)+碳酸二乙酯(DEC)+碳酸甲乙酯(EMC) (1:1:1,体积比))中分别添加1,2-二甲氧基-4-硝基苯(DMNB1)和1,4-二甲氧基-2-硝基苯(DMNB2)作为防过充添加剂.采用循环伏安(CV)、恒流充放电、过充测试、电化学阻抗谱(EIS)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)等手段研究了DMNB1和DMNB2 的防过充效果, 以及添加剂与LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2材料的相容性. 结果表明: DMNB1 和DMNB2 的氧化电位都在4.3 V (vs Li/Li+)以上, 且均能显著提高电池的过充保护性能. 100%过充和5 V截止电压过充测试表明, DMNB1 的防过充性能优于DMNB2. 采用基础电解液、添加0.1 mol·L-1 DMNB1 和添加0.1 mol·L-1DMNB2 电解液的LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2/Li 电池, 0.2C 倍率下循环100 次, 容量保持率分别为98.4%、95.9%和68.1%. 证明硝基在添加剂苯环上的取代位置和其电化学性能之间有着密切联系. 相似文献