ZrO2(Y2O3)团聚状态对ZrO2增韧金刚石-SiC超硬复相陶瓷结构、性能影响

用恒沸水解方法(BH)制备了颗粒度均一(0.1μm)的纳米晶(9nm)2.2mol;Y2O3-ZrO2(以下简称:2.2Y-ZrO2),用化学共沉淀方法(CP)制备了松散团絮状的纳米晶(20nm)2.2Y-ZrO2.对这两类ZrO2粉体增韧SiC中介金刚石超硬复相陶瓷进行了XRD、SEM、及韧性、耐磨性分析测定.结果表明,超高压烧结后,水解法ZrO2在SiC中介相内以均一的粒度(0.1μm)均匀分布,并以100;t相存在,断裂时t→m相变量达38vol;,冲击韧性达16.8J/cm2,磨耗比为5.5×104.而化学沉淀法制备的ZrO2在SiC中介相内呈不均匀粒度分布,t相存量62vol;,断裂过程t→m相变量为17vol;.耐磨性和韧性较低.     

Gd2Ti2O7/ZrO2（3Y）陶瓷制备及力学性能研究

用共沉淀法合成Gd2Ti2O7纳米粉体,经真空烧结制备不同ZrO2(3Y)含量的Gd2Ti2O7/ZrO2(3Y)陶瓷。用XRD、SEM和力学性能试验等测试手段研究样品的物相、形貌和力学性能。结果表明:Gd2Ti2O7/ZrO2(3Y)陶瓷的力学性能随ZrO2(3Y)含量增加显著提高,ZrO2(3Y)含量为90vol%时,样品的维氏硬度、抗弯强度和断裂韧性最大值分别达到20.95GPa、199.21MPa和8.17MPa·m1/2。其原因是ZrO2(3Y)固溶导致晶粒尺寸减小,过饱和析出ZrO2(3Y)的颗粒弥散增韧,以及ZrO2(3Y)应力诱导相变增韧作用。     

ZrO2对热压AlN陶瓷的显微结构与力学性能的影响

通过添加纳米ZrO2粉体,并结合Y2O3烧结助剂,采用热压烧结制备了AlN陶瓷.结果表明,加入ZrO2后,热压AlN陶瓷的物相包含AlN主相、Al5Y3O12晶界相以及ZrN新相.随着ZrO2的加入,热压AlN陶瓷的维氏硬度基本没有变化,然而其断裂韧性逐渐提高.这主要是由于添加的ZrO2与AlN发生高温反应生成了ZrN,导致AlN陶瓷从单一的沿晶断裂模式转变为包含沿晶和穿晶的混合断裂模式,强化了晶界,进而改善了断裂韧性.     

WC-ZrO2复合陶瓷显微结构对力学性能的影响

通过调整烧结温度,采用热压烧结方式制备了复合陶瓷刀具材料WC-ZrO2.利用透射电镜(TEM)和扫描电镜(SEM)观察烧结前粉末的分散状态和烧结后试样的显微结构,并对其力学性能进行了测试.试验结果表明,材料在晶粒大小分布范围较小、孔隙率较低、晶界连接较为紧密情况下,力学性能较好.XRD研究发现,烧结过程中有大量四方相ZrO2产生,在冷却过程中有部分单斜相ZrO2出现,说明材料内部产生了相变增韧,促使材料断裂方式从初始的沿晶断裂逐渐过渡到同时有沿晶断裂和穿晶断裂的混合断裂模式.研究得出:材料主要的增韧方式为相变增韧,同时伴有裂纹偏转及分叉等辅助增韧.     

Y2O3-SiO2助剂对常压烧结SiC-AlN复相材料烧结性能的影响

SiC∶AlN以质量比1∶1,添加不同质量分数Y2O3-SiO2(摩尔比为2.9∶7.1)复合烧结助剂,分别在氢气和氩气气氛下常压烧结制备SiC-A1N复相材料.研究烧结气氛、烧成温度和Y2O3-SiO2含量对该复相材料烧结性能的影响.结果表明,与氢气气氛相比,氩气气氛下烧结体更易致密;1650 ～1850℃,随着烧结温度升高,烧结致密性明显提高.氩气气氛1850C下保温1h,Y2O3-SiO2复合助剂含量为9.09wt;,烧结体的显气孔率可低于0.15;,晶粒尺寸均匀且连接紧密.烧结过程中,Y2O3、SiO2烧结助剂与AlN表面的Al2O3在一定温度下形成液相有助于样品致密化.Y2O3与AlN表面的Al2O3反应生成钇铝石榴石(Y3Al5O12),SiO2高温下主要形成玻璃相.SiC-AlN复相材料是由主晶相6H-SiC和AlN,次晶相Y3Al5O12组成.     

低温燃烧-烧结法制备多孔Al2O3/ZrO2(Y2O3)陶瓷

用低温燃烧合成的陶瓷粉体为原料,在1450℃下烧结制备了多孔Al2O3/ZrO2 (3mol; Y2O3)陶瓷,并研究ZrO2的外加量(Omol;、1Omol;、15mol;和20mol;)对多孔陶瓷显气孔率、抗弯强度、孔径分布和显微结构的影响.实验结果表明:与其他试样相比,ZrO2外加量为15mol;的试样的显气孔率和抗弯强度都明显提高,其最可几孔径约为1.1 μm.SEM和EBSD图片显示:外加ZrO2能显著影响多孔陶瓷的显微结构,其中外加15mol; ZrO2的多孔陶瓷中,氧化铝晶粒的平均尺寸较小,颈部较厚,这是其具有较高抗弯强度的主要原因.     

纳米Y2O3悬浮液流变性能及注浆成型研究

以比表面积为18.1 m2/g的纳米粉体Y2O3为原料,柠檬酸铵(TAC)作为分散剂制备Y2O3悬浮液,研究TAC含量、pH值、球磨时间及固相含量对Y2 O3悬浮液流变性能的影响.结果表明:加入2.2;(质量分数)的TAC,调节悬浮液的pH值为9.4～11.5,球磨8 h可以获得分散稳定的Y2 O3悬浮液;悬浮液的粘度随固相含量的增加而增大,对不同固相含量的悬浮液进行注浆成型,发现固相含量为33;(体积分数)的悬浮液致密度最高.与传统的模压成型工艺相比,注浆成型得到的坯体中粉体颗粒分散均一.     

Y2O3/ZrO2复合泡沫陶瓷烧结的初步研究

本文采用有机泡沫浸渍法制备了Y2O3/ZrO2双层复合、Y2O3/Y2O3-ZrO2/ZrO2三层复合及Y2O3和ZrO2单相泡沫陶瓷,分析了两种复合泡沫陶瓷层间的结合及各层显微结构随烧结温度的变化,并与单相氧化物陶瓷进行了对比。结果表明:双层复合陶瓷层间有较大缝隙,这是因为两种氧化物陶瓷烧结不同步造成的。三层复合陶瓷中Y2O3-ZrO2混合中间层的存在减弱了Y2O3、ZrO2烧结不同步引起的层间应力,层间结合明显改善,并大大减少了泡沫陶瓷表面宏观裂纹。两种复合陶瓷的ZrO2内层的烧结程度都低于单相ZrO2,这主要是因为先于ZrO2烧结的Y2O3外层阻碍了内部气体的排出从而阻碍ZrO2的烧结所致。     

MgO-CaZrO3-ZrO2系含MgO复合陶瓷的结构与烧结性能

以烧结镁砂、单斜氧化锆和实验室预合成锆酸钙为原料,采用常压烧结法制备了MgO-CaZrO3-ZrO2系含MgO复合陶瓷,研究了ZrO2含量、CaZrO3含量及CaZrO3/ZrO2质量比对其复合陶瓷结构与烧结性能的影响.结果表明:高温下Zr4+、Ca2+、Mg2+离子的扩散、c-ZrO2(Zr0.875 Mg0.125 O1.875或Zr0.8 Mg0.2 O1.8)的形成及CaZrO3脱CaO分解等,是影响MgO-CaZrO3-ZrO2系含MgO复合陶瓷结构与烧结性能的重要因素;其中MgO-ZrO2复合陶瓷的断裂方式为穿晶断裂,MgO-CaZrO3复合陶瓷和MgO-CaZrO3-ZrO2复合陶瓷的断裂方式为以沿晶断裂为主的混合断裂,其复合陶瓷的烧结强度依次降低;当ZrO2含量为20wt;～40wt;、CaZrO3含量为10wt;～40wt;及CaZrO3/ZrO2质量比为6/1～5/2时可分别制得烧结性能较好的MgO-ZrO2、MgO-CaZrO3和MgO-CaZrO3-ZrO2复相陶瓷.     

Y2O3添加对Yb2Si2O7无压烧结致密化的影响

以Yb2O3粉末和溶胶-凝胶法制备的活性SiO2凝胶为原料,在1550℃保温4h合成了具有单斜结构的单相Yb2Si2O7粉体.采用无压烧结方法获得了Yb2Si2O7陶瓷.通过添加Y2O3烧结助剂,获得了气孔率为3.2;的致密Yb2Si2O7陶瓷.采用XRD、SEM方法对烧结体的结构、成分和形貌进行测试与表征.结果表明:烧结体均为单相的Yb2Si2O7,不含其它杂质相.Y2O3的添加大大降低了烧结体的气孔率,促进了烧结的致密化.所得致密Yb2Si2O7陶瓷的平均晶粒尺寸为1～2 μm,大部分晶粒为颗粒状晶粒.     

(C2N2H10)2Mg(HP2O7)2·2H2O synthesis and crystal structure

(C₂N₂H₁₀)₂Mg(HP₂O₇)₂·2H₂O, is a new inorganic organic hybrid structure. It has been synthetized using wet chemistry. Its crystal structure consists of cis- and trans-edge sharing [MgO₄(H₂O)₂] octahedra resulting in chains, which are linked via [HP₂O₇] units to form [Mg(HP₂O₇)₂(H₂O)₂]⁴⁻ layers. The Mg²⁺ cations and the ethylendiammonium cations are located on centers of inversion. The ethylendiammonium cations are alternately located in the interlayer space. The cohesion of the crystal is well ensured by coulombic interactions between anions and cations and by several hydrogen bonds. The diphosphate anion shows an eclipsed conformation.     

Crystal structure of Rb2[GeO2(OH)2]·2H2O

Single crystals of Rb₂[GeO₂(OH)₂] · 2H₂O are studied by X-ray diffraction. The crystals belong to the orthorhombic system, sp. gr. Pna2₁, a = 13.523(6) Å, b = 8.143(4) Å, c = 13.407(6) Å, Z = 8, R ₁ = 0.0506. In [GeO₂(OH)₂]^2? anions, the Ge-O distances (1.71–1.73(1) Å) are shorter than the Ge-OH distances (1.76–1.80(1) Å). Anions are linked to each other by pairs of hydrogen bonds to form infinite chains. The chains are linked by hydrogen bonds involving water molecules to form a 3D structure. The assignment of the bands in the IR spectrum of the compound under study is performed.     

通过SiO2涂层改善BaSi2O2N2∶Eu2荧光粉的热性能

本文研究了SiO2涂层对BaSi2O2N2∶ Eu2蓝绿色荧光粉发光性能和热性能的影响.采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了SiO2包覆的BaSi2O2N2∶Eu2+蓝绿色荧光粉.实验结果表明,最佳镀膜量为6wt;,当镀膜量大于此值时,荧光粉亮度迅速降低.涂覆SiO2后,在150℃下BaSi2O2 N2∶Eu2荧光粉的热猝灭性能提高了2.4;,在500℃热降解后荧光粉的发光性能提高了15;.SiO2涂层显著提高了BaSi2O2N2∶Eu2+荧光粉的热稳定性.SiO2涂层的作用机理是在荧光粉表面和氧化气氛之间形成阻挡层,保护Eu2的发光中心在热加热过程中不被氧化.     

Crystal structure of bis 4-benzyl piperidinium monohydrogenmonophosphate pentahydrate, [C6H5CH2CHCH2CH2NH2CH2CH2]2HPO4·5H2O

The salt bis 4-benzyl piperidinium monohydrogenmonophosphate pentahydrate is orthorhombic with the following unit cell dimensions: a = 11.235(2) Å, b = 27.924(6) Å, c = 9.321(4) Å space group Pca2₁ with Z = 4. The structure was solved by the Patterson method and refined to final R value of 0.049 for 1802 independent reflections. The flack parameter is 0.14 with an e.s.d. of 0.23. The structure consists of infinite parallel two-dimensional [110] planes built of mutually connected ions and water molecules by strong O—H,...,O and N—H,...,O hydrogen bonding. There are no contacts other than normal van der Waals interactions between the layers.     

Optical properties of the germanate melilites Sr2MgGe2O7, Sr2ZnGe2O7 and Ba2ZnGe2O7

Refractive indices and their dispersion in the wavelength range from 365 nm to 2325 nm and transmission ranges of the tetragonal melilite‐type germanates Sr₂MgGe₂O₇, Sr₂ZnGe₂O₇ and Ba₂ZnGe₂O₇ were determined. The uniaxial positive crystals Sr₂MgGe₂O₇ and Ba₂ZnGe₂O₇ both offer the possibility for phase matched second harmonic generation, a detailed analysis of phase matching conditions is given. The refractive indices of Sr₂ZnGe₂O₇ show an isoindex (isotropic) point at 467 nm. The investigation was performed on Czochralski grown large single crystals. The crystal structure of all three germanates were determined by means of X ‐ray diffraction. The results corroborate unmodulated melilite‐type structures at room temperature. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Identification of a new family of diphosphate compounds, AI2BII3(P2O7)2: Structures of Ag2Co3(P2O7)2, Ag2Mn3(P2O7)2, and Na2Cd3(P2O7)2

Syntheses and single-crystal X-ray structural results are reported for three new mixed diphosphates of the family A^I ₂B^II ₃(P₂O₇)₂; Ag₂Co₃(P₂O₇)₂ (I), Ag₂Mn₃(P₂O₇)₂ (II), and Na₂Cd₃(P₂O₇)₂ (III). All crystallize in the triclinic system, space group P1 bar: (I) a = 5.351(4), b = 6.375(4), c = 16.532(4) Å, = 80.83(6) = 81.45(4), = 72.87(5)°, V = 528.9(6) ų, Z = 2, D _calc = 4.649 mg/m³, R/Rw = 0.0428/0.0548 for 3949 obs. reflns; (II) a = 5.432(7), b = 6.619(6), c = 16.51(3) Å, = 80.78(8) = 82.43(9), = 72.82(7)°, V = 557.7(13) ų, Z = 2, D _calc = 4.338 mg/m³, R/Rw = 0.0679/0.1303 for 2100 obs. reflns and (III) a = 5.67(3), b = 7.08(4), c = 7.90(4) Å, = 77.0(2), = 82.5(2), = 67.8(2)°, V = 286(3) ų, Z = 2, D _calc = 4.249 mg/m³, R/Rw = 0.0307/0.0342 for 1945 obs. reflns. (I) and (II) are isostructural but (III) is of a different type. All three structures are characterized by layers of P₂O₇ groups alternating with layers of mixed metal atoms. Differences are seen in the conglomerate bonding patterns of B atoms and in the irregular geometry of Ag in (I) and (II) compared to the octahedral bonding seen for Na in (III). The differences in structure may be understood in terms of the ratios of the ionic radii of A and B atoms.     

Oxygen-conducting compounds with La2Mo2O9 structure in the ternary system La2Mo2O9-Sm2W2O9-Sm2Mo2O 9 + : Synthesis and properties

Polycrystalline samples in the ternary system La₂Mo₂O₉-Sm₂W₂O₉-Sm₂Mo₂O ₉ ⁺ were synthesized in air. The region of the existence of compounds with the lanthanum molybdate (La₂Mo₂O₉) structure in this system was determined. The polymorphism of the synthesized compounds was studied. Doping with samarium or with samarium and tungsten was shown to lead to the suppression of the transition between the monoclinic and cubic phases α → β and the appearance of the transition β _ms → β between two cubic phases. In samples with a high samarium content, the phase transition β _ms → β manifests itself as significant anomalies in the temperature dependences of the dielectric permeability and electric conductivity. An increase in the concentration of samarium in the samples leads to a substantial decrease in the conductivity compared with the nondoped compound La₂Mo₂O₉.     

Synthesis and characterization of (NH4)2CuBr2Cl2·2H2O crystals

Single crystals of a new compound, (NH₄)₂CuBr₂Cl₂.2H₂O, were grown from saturated aqueous solution at room temperature by slow evaporation method. The grown crystals were characterized through elemental, powder XRD, thermal and DSC analyses and FTIR and far IR spectra. The elemental analysis and the decomposition pattern formulated using the TG‐DTG studies confirm the stoichiometry of the compound. The crystallinity of the compound is confirmed from the powder XRD pattern. A preliminary single crystal X‐ray diffraction structural analysis reveals that the title compound belongs to the orthorhombic system with a = 7.7466 Å, b = 7.783 Å and c = 8.1211 Å. The low temperature DSC shows thermal anomalies at –161.1, –156.5, –152.4, –145.2, –134, –18.5, and 1.4°C during the heating run and at –4.3, –54.8, –66.1, –90.6, –109.7 and –147.2 °C during the cooling run. The thermal hysterses indicate first order phase transitions in the title compound at these temperatures. The FTIR spectra were used to assign the characteristic vibrational frequencies due to NH₄⁺, CuX₄^2– ions and other chemical bonds. The effect of substitution of two bromine atoms on the phase transitions of a closely related crystal, diammonium tetrachloro cuprate dihydrate is also discussed. (© 2005 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

KBe2BO3F2和RbBe2BO3F2晶体中的孪晶缺陷

通过化学腐蚀和偏光显微镜,对KBe2BO3F2(KBBF)和RbBe2BO3F2 (RBBF)晶体中存在的一种条状孪晶缺陷进行了研究,观察了孪晶习性,探讨了其孪晶律,并结合晶体生长情况对该孪晶的形成原因进行了分析.