Generalized star configurations and the Tutte polynomial

From the generating matrix of a linear code, one can construct a sequence of generalized star configurations which are strongly connected to the generalized Hamming weights and the underlying matroid of the code. When the code is MDS, the matrix is generic and we obtain the usual star configurations. In our main result, we show that the degree of a generalized star configuration as a projective scheme is determined by the Tutte polynomial of the code. In the process, we obtain preliminary results on the primary decomposition of the defining ideals of these schemes. Additionally, we conjecture that these ideals have linear minimal free resolutions and prove partial results in this direction.     

Radical theory in varieties of near-rings in which the constants form

Not all the good properties of the Kurosh-Amitsur radical theory in the variety of associative rings are preserved in the bigger variety of near-rings. In the smaller and better behaved variety of O-symmetric near-rings the theory is much more satisfactory. In this note we show that many of the results of the 0-symmetric near-ring case can be extended to a much bigger variety of near-rings which, amongst others, includes all the O-symmetric as well as the constant near-rings. The varieties we shall consider are varieties of near-rings, called Fuchs varieties, in which the constants form an ideal. The good arithmetic of such varieties makes it possible to derive more explicit conditions.

(i) for the subvariety of constant near-rings to be a semisimple class (or equivalently, to have attainable identities),

(ii) for semisimple classes to be hereditary.

We shall prove that the subvariety of 0-symmetric near-rings has attainable identities in a Fuchs variety, and extend the theory of overnilpotent radicals of 0-symmetric near-rings to the largest Fuchs variety F

The near-ring construction of [7] will play a decisive role in our investigations.     

Quantum Lefschetz hyperplane theorem

The mirror theorem is generalized to any smooth projective variety X. That is, a fundamental relation between the Gromov–Witten invariants of X and Gromov–Witten invariants of complete intersections Y in X is established. Oblatum 21-IV-2000 & 11-I-2001?Published online: 2 April 2001     

广义星符号模式的秩

一个符号模式是一个元素取自于集合{ ,-,0)的矩阵.如果符号模式A是组合对称的, 且它的图是一个广义星图,则称A是广义星符号模式.对于任意的广义星符号模式(可能有非零对角元),本文给出其最小秩的界.     

The numerical solution of the inverse Stefan problem

Summary The inverse Stefan problem can be understood as a problem of nonlinear approximation theory which we solved numerically by a generalized Gauss-Newton method introduced by Osborne and Watson [19]. Under some assumptions on the parameter space we prove its quadratic convergence and demonstrate its high efficiency by three numerical examples.     

态射集中的加权星序和加权广义逆

本文推广范畴上态射集中的星序理论.引进范畴上态射集中的加权星序.利用态射集的加权广义逆来刻划态射集中的加权星序.给出了态射集中的加权星序和态射的加权广义逆之间的一些关系.得到了态射集中的加权星序的一些刻划和性质.     

On a Poset of Trees II

In this article, we study problems where one has to prove that certain graph parameter attains its maximum at the star and its minimum at the path among the trees on a fixed number of vertices. We give many applications of the so‐called generalized tree shift which seems to be a powerful tool to attack the problems of the above‐mentioned kind. We show that the generalized tree shift increases the largest eigenvalue of the adjacency matrix and Laplacian matrix, decreases the coefficients of the characteristic polynomials of these matrices in absolute value. We will prove similar theorems for the independence polynomial and the edge cover polynomial. The generalized tree shift induces a partially ordered set on trees having fixed number of vertices. The smallest element of this poset is the path, largest element is the star. Hence, the above‐mentioned results imply the extremality of the path and the star for these parameters.     

A modification of the Fourier-Motzkin algorithm for constructing a triangulation and star development

The notion of a star development of a simplicial complex is introduced, and an algorithm is offered that simultaneously constructs a triangulation and a star development of the simplicial complex of the faces of the triangulation for a point configuration in general position.     

Prime rings with semigroup generalized identity

We show that a prime ring satisfies a nontrivial semigroup generalized identity if and only if its central closure is a primitive ring with nonzero socle and the associated skew field is a field.     

A nonconforming finite element method to compute the spectrum of an operator relative to the stability of a plasma in toroidal geometry

Summary In this paper we describe a nonconforming finite element method to compute the MHD spectrum of a plasma in a toroïdal configuration. We show that this method leads to a good approximation of the spectrum.     

Seymour's Second Neighborhood Conjecture for Tournaments Missing a Generalized Star

Seymour's Second Neighborhood Conjecture asserts that every digraph (without digons) has a vertex whose first out‐neighborhood is at most as large as its second out‐neighborhood. We prove its weighted version for tournaments missing a generalized star. As a consequence the weighted version holds for tournaments missing a sun, star, or a complete graph. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Graph Theory 71:89–94, 2012     

On a generalized $L_2$ projection and some related stability estimates in Sobolev spaces

Summary. In this paper we investigate a stability estimate needed in hybrid finite and boundary element methods, especially in hybrid coupled domain decomposition methods including mortar finite elements. This stability estimate is equivalent to the stability of a generalized projection in certain Sobolev spaces. Using piecewise linear trial spaces and appropriate piecewise constant test spaces, the stability of the generalized projection is proved assuming some mesh conditions locally. Received April 11, 2000 / Revised version received February 15, 2001 / Published online July 25, 2001     

A term by term stabilization algorithm for finite element solution of incompressible flow problems

This paper introduces a stabilization technique for Finite Element numerical solution of 2D and 3D incompressible flow problems. It may be applied to stabilize the discretization of the pressure gradient, and also of any individual operator term such as the convection, curl or divergence operators, with specific levels of numerical diffusion for each one of them. Its computational complexity is reduced with respect to usual (residual-based) stabilization techniques. We consider piecewise affine Finite Elements, for which we obtain optimal error bounds for steady Navier-Stokes and also for generalized Stokes equations (including convection). We include some numerical experiment in well known 2D test cases, that show its good performances. Received March 15, 1996 / Revised version received January 17, 1997     

Basic Structures of Some Interconnection Networks

Beginning in the late 1980's attractive alternatives to the n-cubes were proposed as the topologies for larger interconnection networks. These graphs tend to have many vertices as well as good connectivity and routing properties. We will look at recent developments on some newer topologies such as star graphs, alternating group graphs, split-stars, arrangement graphs and generalized (n,k) star graphs. We will present results on routing algorithms, various connectivity measures, structural theorems, augmentation, and open problems. Some applications suggest directed graphs, so the directed versions of above graphs will also be considered.     

Lagrangian Submanifolds with Zero Scalar Curvature in Complex Euclidean Space

In this paper we show how to embed a time slice of the Schwarzchild spacetime that models the outer space around a massive star, as a Lagrangian submanifold invariant under the standard action of the special orthogonal group on complex Euclidean space. This result is generalized for rotationally invariant metrics that can be considered as higher-dimensional versions of Schwarzchild's and these submanifolds are locally characterized as the only ones with zero scalar curvature inside the above family.     

A nonconforming combined method for solving Laplace's boundary value problems with singularities

Summary For solving Laplace's boundary value problems with singularities, a nonconforming combined approach of the Ritz-Galerkin method and the finite element method is presented. In this approach, singular functions are chosen to be admissible functions in the part of a solution domain where there exist singularities; and piecewise linear functions are chosen to be admissible functions in the rest of the solution domain. In addition, the admissible functions used here are constrained to be continuous only at the element nodes on the common boundary of both methods. This method is nonconforming; however, the nonconforming effect does not result in larger errors of numerical solutions as long as a suitable coupling strategy is used.In this paper, we will develop such an approach by using a new coupling strategy, which is described as follows: IfL+1=O(|lnh|), the average errors of numerical solutions and their generalized derivatives are stillO(h), whereh is the maximal boundary length of quasiuniform triangular elements in the finite element method, andL+1 is the total number of singular admissible functions in the Ritz-Galerkin method. The coupling relation,L+1=O(|lnh|), is significant because only a few singular functions are required for a good approximation of solutions.This material is from Chapter 5 in my Ph.D. thesis: Numerical Methods for Elliptic Boundary Value Problems with Singularities. Part I: Boundary Methods for Solving Elliptic Problems with Singularities. Part II: Nonconforming Combinations for Solving Elliptic Problems with Singularities, the Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics, University of Toronto, May 1986     

Graphs with Least Eigenvalue −2: The Star Complement Technique

Let G be a connected graph with least eigenvalue –2, of multiplicity k. A star complement for –2 in G is an induced subgraph H = G – X such that |X| = k and –2 is not an eigenvalue of H. In the case that G is a generalized line graph, a characterization of such subgraphs is used to decribe the eigenspace of –2. In some instances, G itself can be characterized by a star complement. If G is not a generalized line graph, G is an exceptional graph, and in this case it is shown how a star complement can be used to construct G without recourse to root systems.     

Estudio de la estabilidad y dispersión del problema de propagación de ondas sísmicas en 2-D utilizando el método de diferencias finitas generalizadas

This paper shows the solution to the problem of seismic wave propagation in 2-D using generalized finite difference (GFD) explicit schemes. Regular and irregular meshes can be used with this method.As we are using an explicit method, it is necessary to obtain the stability condition by using the von Neumann analysis. We also obtained the star dispersion formulas for the phase velocities for the P and S waves, as well as the ones for the group velocities.As the control over the irregularity in the mesh is very important in the application of this method, we have defined an index of irregularity for the star (IIS) and another for the cloud (IIC), analyzing its relationship with the dispersion and time step used in the calculations.     

图的星色数

给出了一些星色数为４的平面图,它们不含有轮图作为子图,这回答了Ｚｈｕ的一个问题,给出了一类４连通平面图其星色数在３与４之间,这也回答了Ａｂｂｏｔｔ和Ｚｈｏｕ的一个问题,应用图的同态概念,讨论了某些图的字典积的星色数,证明了一个图及其补图的星色数的和与积所满足的两个不等式。