基于半导体光放大器垂直双泵浦对偏振复用正交相移键控信号波长变换的性能研究

针对偏振复用相位调制信号的全光波长变换特性问题,基于半导体光放大器中四波混频效应,建立了对偏振复用正交相移键控信号的全光波长变换理论模型.根据理论分析,建立了仿真系统,仿真结果表明:泵浦光与信号光之间的频率间隔、偏振复用信号中的一个信号与一号泵浦光的偏振夹角对系统转换效率和信号质量有影响;波长转换过程中交叉相位调制产生的相位噪音会对信号质量有影响,且当泵浦光功率较大、泵浦光功率远大于信号光功率时,交叉相位调制效应的影响较小,仿真结果与理论分析一致.本文研究方法和相关结论对其它偏振复用信号基于半导体光放大器四波混频效应的波长变换研究有一定的参考价值.     

四波混频泵浦消耗过程的相位匹配条件研究

采用解析方法分析讨论泵浦消耗情形下的准相位匹配范围以及相位匹配条件的变化,并给出相位匹配条件的表达式.比较分析小信号近似和泵浦消耗两种情形下四波混频增益演化过程.研究表明,在泵浦消耗情形下,随转移功率的增大,满足总相位匹配的线性失配因子从负值逐渐趋于0,准相位匹配范围也越来越小;确定四波混频的准相位匹配范围,可简化波分复用或空分复用系统中级联四波混频的分析过程;小信号近似模型只适合于转移功率远小于泵浦功率的情形,满足总相位匹配的线性失配因子不依赖于光纤长度.     

利用交叉相位调制和四波混频制作的时间透镜的仿真分析

利用高非线性光纤中的交叉相位调制和四波混频分别在仿真中实现了时间透镜. 对基于交叉相位调制的时间透镜中的高非线性光纤中的非线性过程进行了仿真分析. 仿真结果表明, 该时间透镜的主要影响因素为色散、自相位调制与四波混频; 通过采用带有一定色散斜率的高非线性光纤可同时消除色散、自相位调制和四波混频的影响; 另外, 该高非线性光纤的色散零点最好选在信号脉冲和抽运脉冲波长的中心附近. 然后对基于四波混频的时间透镜的实现进行了仿真分析. 仿真结果表明, 该时间透镜的主要影响因素为色散、 自相位调制和其他的四波混频; 通过设定合适大小的信号脉冲和抽运脉冲的功率可消除自相位调制和其他的四波混频的影响; 另外, 通过在高非线性光纤中引入一定的色散可进一步提高信号脉冲和抽运脉冲的功率, 从而获得更高功率的输出脉冲. 最后对两种时间透镜系统做出了比较. 关键词： 光脉冲压缩 时间透镜 交叉相位调制 四波混频     

组合光纤中受激拉曼散射和四波混频研究

在抽运光和耦合条件不变的情况下,研究了熔接组合的非零色散位移单模光纤(NZDSF)和标准单模光纤(SMF)中的受激拉曼散射(SRS)和四波混频(FWM)产生和传输特征。采用532 nm脉冲激光抽运NZDSF,从20 m处开始产生以LP₀₁模传输的SRS第一级Stokes光;紧接着在30 m处产生了FWM,SRS受到FWM抑制,传输模式逐渐转化为LP₁₁模;经过80 m处熔接点后,由于熔接处双锥光纤结构使光场模式互相干涉,光波模式恢复为LP₀₁模,FWM受到抑制。该现象和机理有利于抑制密集波分复用(DWDM)系统中光学非线性失真和促进光孤子通信系统的发展。     

基于启发式算法的密集波分复用系统波长优化配置

研究了基于G.653光纤的C波段密集波分复用传输系统中的波长配置方法,推导出了包含光放大器的多段光纤链路的四波混频(FWM)产物功率的解析表达式,引入了粒子群优化算法解决波长配置问题,同时得到了可行的16波信道配置方案.同已有的方法相比,粒子群优化算法支持的信道数更多（>=16）,四波混频效应得到了较好的抑制,系统性能明显得到提高.     

光子晶体光纤四波混频光谱中相位匹配特性的研究

与传统光纤不同,光子晶体光纤可以具有多个零色散波长,在四波混频光谱中,具有更丰富的相位匹配特性。目前很多文献报道了光子晶体光纤非线性光学特性的实验结果,但对其产生机理及光谱的变化规律缺乏详细的理论分析。为此对光纤中四波混频原理进行了分析,给出了高增益的相位匹配条件。利用多极法计算了光子晶体光纤的非线性系数及色散特性。对具有多个零色散波长光子晶体光纤的相位失配特性进行了分析,得到了相位匹配波长随泵浦波长及泵浦功率的变化规律。给出了相位匹配曲线,分析了不同色散曲线的相位匹配波长特点,两个零色散波长光子晶体光纤,在四波混频光谱中将激发出四个新的波长。实验得到了两个零色散波长光子晶体光纤的四波混频光谱,与理论分析一致,验证了相位匹配理论的可靠性。多个零色散波长光纤,能产生丰富的相位匹配曲线,会出现更多的四波混频波长,可以有效的控制光孤子及超短脉冲的四波混频及共振散射产生的光谱特性。为光子晶体光纤中基于四波混频的波长变换及超连续谱的研究提供了理论指导。     

具有非均匀零色散波长光纤中的四波混频

提出了一种分析具有非均匀零色散波长光纤中四波混频(FWM)的简便方法,导出了多段不同零色散波长组成的光纤中和零色散波长连续变化的光纤中四波混频效率的计算公式.实例计算结果表明,光纤中零色散波长分布的不均匀,会影响四波混频效率,特别是在抽运光和检测光波长间隔较大时,影响尤为显著. 关键词： 四波混频 相位匹配 零色散波长     

基于四波混频效应的窄带太赫兹波源

采用频率差在太赫兹范围的双波长激光器进行泵浦,利用光纤的四波混频效应,得到结构紧凑、频率可调的窄带太赫兹波源。为减小光纤材料对太赫兹波的吸收,采用了表面发射机制。从耦合波理论出发,详细分析了保偏光纤中的四波混频过程,得到了太赫兹波输出功率的解析表达式,并讨论了实现相位匹配的条件。结果表明,太赫兹波功率与泵浦光功率和光纤长度成正比,与太赫兹波长的3次方成反比。当泵浦光峰值功率为1 kW,在6 THz处得到的太赫兹波峰值功率达350 mW,功率转换效率约为0.01%。通过合理设置泵浦波长,可以实现太赫兹辐射在3~8 THz范围内连续调谐。该方案提供了一种新型的高功率、紧凑型的窄带太赫兹辐射源。     

基于无波长偏移光学相位共轭的信号损伤补偿

为了解决强度调制-直接检测正交频分复用（IM-DD OFDM）光通信系统中由光纤色散和非线性效应导致的传输性能下降的问题,提出利用正交偏振泵浦非简并四波混频（NFWM）产生的无波长偏移光学相位共轭（OPC）波对系统中的信号损伤进行光域补偿。首先在理论上推导了利用正交偏振泵浦NFWM生成OPC波的原理,基于上述原理,设计了无波长偏移OPC实现方式,在正交偏振态上得到与原信号波长完全一致的OPC波。然后对影响生成OPC波功率的因素进行了具体分析。最后依据优化参数设置,进行仿真验证,结果表明所提系统能够以114.375 Gbit/s的传输速率在长度为240 km的标准单模光纤链路中传输。     

微结构光纤在全光信号处理应用中的新进展

本刊讯微结构光纤（HF）具有灵活的结构,可同时具有超高的非线性和灵活的色散特性,在全光信号处理中具有重要的应用价值,特别是针对基于四波混频（FWM）效应的全光器件,HF可以满足苛刻的相位匹配条件要求,从而极大的提高FWM器件的工作带宽和泵浦效率。     

光子晶体光纤中多泵浦四波混频光谱增益特性研究

研究了信号与泵浦光同向传输,在色散平坦高非线性光子晶体光纤中的多泵浦四波混频光谱增益特性,从光谱学的角度分析了泵浦光波长漂移,泵浦光偏振方向平行与正交,信号光相对于泵浦光偏振态失配,二者总功率对多泵浦四波混频光谱增益特性的影响,探讨了泵浦光数目对多泵浦四波混频光谱增益特性的冲击。研究发现在36.4 nm波长范围,二者偏振态匹配时多泵浦四波混频效果最好,同时,多泵浦四波混频效应对偏振极为敏感,若两束泵浦光偏振态垂直,则它们分别与信号光发生四波混频,反之,则两束泵浦光之间亦会发生四波混频作用,且在正交泵浦的前提下,信号光偏振方向变化会直接导致各闲频光增益大小发生变化;进一步指出当采用三束连续泵浦光时,同样可以在一定波长范围内实现多泵浦四波混频效应。这些研究对于开发基于光子晶体光纤中多泵浦四波混频效应工作的超快光子器件具有一定的指导意义。     

Inhomogeneous loss mechanism in multiwavelength fiber Raman ring lasers

As one of the mechanisms for stable multiwavelength oscillation in a fiber Raman ring laser, an inhomogeneous loss induced by intraline four-wave mixing in a fiber Raman laser is physically explained and experimentally validated by comparison of laser peak gain and power gain as well as the gain spectra at several pump levels.     

Numerical simulation of four-wave mixing efficiency and its induced relative intensity noise

Four-wave mixing,as well as its induced intensity noise,is harmful to wavelength division multiplexing systems.The efficiency and the relative intensity noise of four-wave mixing are numerically simulated for the two-wave and the three-wave fiber transmissions.It is found that the efficiency decreases with the increase of both the frequency spacing and the fiber length,which can be explained using the quasi-phase-matching condition.Furthermore,the relative intensity noise decreases with the increase of frequency spacing,while it increases with the increase of fiber length,which is due to the considerable power loss of the pump light.This investigation presents a good reference for the practical application of wavelength division multiplexing systems.     

在单零色散微结构光纤中一次抽运同时发生两组四波混频的实验观察

采用可以减小纤芯面积的小气孔设计方案巧妙设计并成功拉制了一根高非线性的单零色散微结构光纤.利用有限元法模拟并计算得到了该光纤的基模有效折射率、色散系数和非线性系数等基本属性随波长的变化关系,然后利用四波混频的有效相位失配方程模拟了其相位失配曲线.模拟表明,在该光纤中可以同时发生两组四波混频.在位于微结构光纤的正常色散区的0.800,0.810和0.820μm三个波长处,分别采用不同的功率抽运,在实验上都非常明显地观察到了分列于抽运波长两侧的四个增益波带的产生.经与相位失配曲线比较,发现它们满足相位匹配条件,从而证明了两组四波混频过程的同时发生.实验结果与理论预言符合得很好.发生在正常色散区的四波混频效应的产生可归结于负的四阶色散对相位匹配过程的贡献.本文研究可对微结构光纤的结构设计和基于四波混频的多波长转移技术的发展提供经验与借鉴,同时也对非常见波段激光器和宽带光源的开发具有参考意义.     

Effects of refractive index changes on four-wave mixing bands in Er-doped photonic crystal fibers pumped at 976 nm

An experimental study of the effects of an auxiliary 976 nm pump signal on the four-wave mixing parametric bands generated with a 1064 nm pump in a normal dispersion Er-doped photonic crystal fiber is presented. The four-wave mixing signal and idler bands shift to shorter and longer wavelengths, respectively, with increasing 976 nm pump power. It is shown that the wavelength-dependent resonant refractive index change in the erbium-doped core under 976 nm pumping is at the origin of the effect.     

Improvement of four-wave mixing-based wavelength conversion efficiency in dispersion shifted fiber by 40-GHz clock pumping

40-GHz clock modulated signal as a pump to improve the efficiency of four-wave mixing (FWM)-based wavelength conversion in a 26.5-km dispersion shifted fiber (DSF) is investigated. The experimental results demonstrate that the conjugated FWM component has higher intensity with the clock pumping than that with the continuous-wave (CW) light pumping. The improvement of FWM-based wavelength conversion efficiency is negligible when the pump power is less than Brillouin threshold. But when the pump power is greater than Brillouin threshold, the improvement becomes significant and increases with the increment of pump power. The improvement can increase up to 9 dB if pump power reaches 17 dBm.     

Wavelength-spacing tunable multi-wavelength fiber optical parametric oscillator based on multiple four-wave mixing

We propose a wavelength-spacing tunable multi-wavelength fiber optical parametric oscillator (MW-FOPO) with a simple line cavity and one pump source based on multiple four-wave mixing (MFWM). Stable multi-wavelength lasing at room temperature is achieved due to the four-wave mixing effect and the broadband gain of the fiber optical parametric amplifier based on a highly nonlinear fiber. The wavelength spacing of the proposed MW-FOPO can be tuned by adjusting the wavelength of the pump light or the central wavelength of the fiber Bragg grating. Seventeen lasing lines with a wavelength spacing of 2.89 nm and an extinction ratio larger than 10 dB, which covers the wavelength region from 1540 to 1568 nm is demonstrated.     

Evolution of first-order sidebands from multiple FWM processes in HiBi optical fibers

The generation of two idler waves inside a high birefringent (HiBi) optical fiber through three four-wave mixing (FWM) processes is studied theoretically. The coupled-equations for the field amplitudes are derived and analytically solved, in the co-polarized and orthogonal polarization schemes. The obtained solutions take into account the delayed Raman response of the medium. The polarization sensitivity of the generation of the idler waves is analyzed. Results show that the stimulated Raman scattering does not change the efficiency of the idler wave generation in the co-polarized scheme, whereas in the orthogonal polarization scheme that nonlinear process decreases the efficiency of the four-wave mixing processes. Results also show that this set of multiple four-wave mixing processes is physically quite different from the typical single or dual pump four-wave mixing configurations. Findings show that the power transfer from the pumps to the idler fields can lead to a monotonous growth, or a periodic evolution of the sidebands along the fiber. Results show that the process efficiency varies greatly with the angle between the two pump polarizations.