共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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SDBS/n-C8H18/n-C4OH/盐水体系中相微乳液双连续结构 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
微乳液是指由水(盐水)、油(烃)、一种或几种表面活性剂组成的热力学稳定体系,这类体系具有低粘度、各向导性、透明或半透明的性质[1],微乳液在许多工业实际问题中,例如润滑、以洗涤、催化等方面得到了应用[2],近年来,微乳液和反向胶束中酶催化技术的开发[3]以及分离蛋白质中的应用[4],使微乳液在生化技术研究中倍受青睐.与过剩盐水相和过剩油相达三相平衡时的微乳液即为中相微乳液。中相微乳液具有既可增溶水又可增溶油的特殊性质,并且微乳液与过剩水相和过剩油相间的界面张力(飞uw和7;n。;)极低顺干2.0。10-’1liN·111… 相似文献
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以铂微电极法测定了在SDS/n-C5H11OH/H2O溶致液晶中SDS(十二烷基硫酸钠)分子的扩散系数.结果表明,恒定质量比SDS/n-C5H11OH条件下,溶致液晶中SDS分子的扩散系数随体系中水含量的增加而增加;恒定质量比SDS/H2O,溶致液晶中SDS分子的扩散系数随正戊醇含量的增加而增加;恒定质量比H2O/n-C5H11OH ,溶致液晶中SDS分子的扩散系数随SDS含量的增加而降低.六角状液晶中SDS分子的扩散系数比层状液晶中SDS分子的扩散系数低约1个数量级,而比W/O、O/W胶束的扩散系数低3~5个数量级. 相似文献
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ZnO超微粒子光催化氧化降解n-C7H16的研究 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
利用ZnO光催化氧化技术对气相n-C7H16进行了降解研究,考察了氧气、水燕气体积分数等因素对n-C7H16光催化氧化的影响,利用气相色谱-质谱联用仪和气相色谱仪对气相光催化反应过程中的气体组成进行了定性分析,并对主要中间产物丙醛进行了定量分析,结果发现,ZnO超微粒子光催化氧化n-C7H16的降解率较高,n-C7H16绝大部分被完全氧化成CO2,探讨了n-C7H16光催化氧化反尖的动力学行为及机理。 相似文献
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At a weight ratio of n‐C5H11OH/H2O=50/50, when the total content of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) was less than 6.0%, the ternary mixture of SDS/n‐C5H11OH/H2O coexisted in two immiscible microemulsions. The distribution and transfer of gatifloxacin (GTFX) between the two phases were studied using UV‐Vis and electrochemistry AC impedance spectra. The results show that GTFX transferred from the upper phase (W/O) to the lower phase (O/W or bicontinuous microemulsion), but a small amount of SDS transferred from the lower phase to the upper phase correspondingly with the increase of the total SDS content at a total GTFX concentration of 1.0×10?5 mol/L. The addition of GTFX did not change the structures of the two different phases fundamentally, but resulted in the transfer and redistribution of GTFX and SDS, so the electric properties of the system were changed correspondingly. 相似文献
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利用自制的ZnO纳米粒子和商品的ZnO粒子,研究了ZnO粒子多相催化n-C6H16- SO2的气相光化学反应。利用气相色谱-质谱联用仪(GC/MS)和气相色谱仪(GC )对反应物n-C6H16和SO2以及主要气相产物3-庚酮进行了定量分析,考察了不同 条件下它们的降解和产生趋势,初步探讨了氧气和水蒸气对ZnO粒子多相催化n- C7H16-SO2气相光化学反应的影响,并对反应的一些现象作了描述及相应的说明。 结果表明,无论有无氧化存在,ZnO粒子均能够对n-C7H16-SO2的气相光化学反应起 一定的催化作用,但是有氧气的催化活性比无氧气的高。这可能说明了ZnO的光催 化作用主要与生成的活性氧物种(O^*)有关,同时光致空穴(h^+)也能够直接引 发氧化反应;虽然ZnO纳米粒子的光催化活性随着焙烧温度的升高而降低,但是均 比商品的高。而在模拟大气的条件下,ZnO纳米粒子对n-C7H16SO2的气相光化学反 应有很大的影响,大大地促进了n-C7H16和SO2的降解,这说明ZnO纳米粒子的存在 对大气中SO2-烃的气相光化学反应的影响是不容忽视的。此外,对ZnO粒子多相催 化n-C7H16-SO2气相光化学反应的机理进行了探讨。 相似文献
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Studies on the photofragmentation of n-C_3H_7I and i-C_3H_7I have been carried out by a photofragment spectrometer with rotatable pulsed molecular beam crossed with KrF excimer laser beam. TOF spectra of the iodine atom fragments (Fig.1, 2) which show the separation of the primary photodissociation channels n-C_3H_7I→n-C_3H_7+I~*(~2P_(1/2)) n-C_3H_7+I(~2p_(3/2)) i-C_3H_7I→i-C_3H_7+I~*(~2P_(1/2)) i-C_3H_7+I(~2P_(3/2)) are obtatned at 12 different angles. The distribution of total translational energy E_(CM) of recoiling photofragments are then determined. The ratios I~*/I of the photodissociation channels of n-C_3H_7I and i-C_3H_7I are measured to be 1.61 and 0.96 respectively (Table 1). The ratios I~*/I obtained by photofragment translational energy measurement in this Lab~[3]. are good in agreement with most of results abtained by IR emission~[5] and LIF~[4] measurement except the data of i-C_3H_7I, which is much different from I~*/I=0.35 reported by Bershon~[4] using LIF method.The extent of internal alkyl fragment excitation E_(int)~R is also determined (Table 2) by energy balance. The fraction of the available energy (E_(av1)=E_(CM)+E_(int)~R) which goes into internal exciatation of the alkyl fragment increases from 12.5% for I~* channe of CH_3I to 64% for both channels of i-C_3H_7I. The results are consistent with direct impulsive dynamic model of unimolecular decomposition based on “soft” alkyl radicals.The facts that the ratio I~*/I decreases with increasing carbon atoms and that the difference of the internal excitation of alkyl radicals between the I~* (~2P_(1/2)) and I (~2P_(3/2)) channelsincreases with increasing carbon atoms should be related and important for better understanding the origin of the I(~2P_(3/2)) channel caused by the potential energy surface crossing~[3]. The results of the internal excitation of the alkyl radicals in the photodissociation are also valuable for prediction of secondary products during the UV photolysis of those alkyl iodides in the gas cell. 相似文献
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利用离子速度成像方法, 研究n-C7H15Br分子在231~239 nm范围内几个波长处的光解离动力学. 通过同一束激光经(2+1)共振多光子电离(REMPI)过程探测光解碎片Br(2P3/2)和Br*(2P1/2), 得到了不同激光波长处的离子速度分布图像, 从而获得C7H15Br光解产物的能量分配和角度分布. 结合各向异性参数和量子产率, 计算了n-C7H15Br分子在234 nm波长下不同解离通道的比例. 实验表明光解产物的能量分配可以用冲击模型中的软碰撞模型来解释. 实验还发现, 各向异性参数β(Br*)的值对光波长变化很敏感, 这是由电子激发态的绝热和非绝热过程决定的. 相似文献
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QIANJun-hong GUORong ZHUJun 《高等学校化学研究》2004,20(6):785-789
The hydrolysis of cephanone in Triton X-100 micelle and Triton X-100/n-C5H11OH/H2O(O/W) microemulsion were studied by means of UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy. The results show that compared with water, Triton X-100 micelle and Triton X-100/n-C5H11OH/H2O (O/W) microemulsion can inhibit the hydrolysis of cephanone. The inhibition effects of Triton X-100 micelle and Triton X-100/n-C5H11OH/H2O (O/W) microemulsion on the hydrolysis of cephanone are related to the location of cephanone in the interphases of Triton X-100 miceUes and Triton X-100/n-C5H11OH/H2O(O/W) microemulsion droplets. 相似文献
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R. F. Klevtsova L. A. Glinskaya E. I. Berus S. V. Larionov 《Journal of Structural Chemistry》2001,42(4):639-647
The structures of the mixed-ligand complexes Zn(4,4-Bipy){(n-C3H7)2NCS2}2 (I) and Zn2(4,4-Bipy){(n-C3H7)2NCS2}4 (II) were determined by single crystal X-ray diffractometry (CAD-4 diffractometer, MoK radiation, 2479 and 1616 Fhkl, R = 0.0550 and 0.0523). The crystals are monoclinic with cell parameters a = 16.560(2), b = 11.423(1), c = 15.319(2) , = 94.27(1)°, V = 2889.8(6) 3, Z = 4, space group P21/c (for I) and a = 8.515(1), b = 10.965(1), c = 27.816(3) , = 95.860(1)°, V = 2583.5(5) 3, Z = 2, space group P21/n (for II). The structure of I is composed of discrete mononuclear molecules; the structure of II consists of discrete centrosymmetric binuclear molecules. The coordination polyhedra of the Zn atoms (c.n. 5) are formed by four S atoms of the two cyclic bidentate dithiocarbamate ligands and the N atom of the 4,4-Bipy ligand, which is monodentate in I and bridging bidentate in II. Molecular packings and interactions in the structures are considered. 相似文献
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用气体分析及IR,NMR和元素分析等方法研究了真空系统中230℃和280℃下四丁基锗在ZSM-5沸石表面上的接枝反应,并对所得沸石的热稳定性和吸附性质进行了表征,与作者曾报道的硅胶及丝光沸石上的反应类似,四丁基锗也能与ZSM-5沸石表面上的硅羟基发生缩合反应,在其外表面或孔口生成组成为(=Si-O)xGe(n-C4H9)4-x(x=2~3)的表面有机锗化合物,在230℃接枝丁基锗基团不影响沸石的结构和表面积,仅改变它的孔口大小,在改性后的沸石上,N2的吸附性质没有改变,而不同分子尺寸的烃,加正已烷,2-甲基戊烷,2,3-二甲基丁烷却呈现出完全不同于起始ZSM-5沸石的择形吸附效应. 相似文献
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Thermal degradation of a mixed-valence oxalate based molecular material {N(n-C4H9)4[FeIIFeIII(C2O4)3]}?? was investigated by thermogravimetric (TG) analysis. Considering the mass loss at each step of TG profile, possible step-wise thermal degradation reaction pathways of the precursor material are proposed which indicate the formation of hematite and magnetite as the solid end product of the degradation reaction. The IR spectroscopy and powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies of the thermally degraded samples supplement the proposed reaction pathways. 相似文献
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