ON THE RIEMANNIAN SPACES ADMITTING PARALLEL YANG-MILLS FIELDS

如果一个Yang-Mills场(规范群为任意李群)的场强的所有规范导数均为0,则称这个场为平行的Yang-Mills场.平行规范场是微分几何中对称空间的推广,它是Yang-Mills方程的特解. 本文的主要结果是下列两个定理： 定理1 容有非平凡的平行Yang-Mills场的四维黎曼空间必须是Kahler流形或半对称空间.这里半对称流形是满足 \[R_{ijkl}^ - = 0\](或\[R_{ijkl}^ + = 0\]) 的黎曼流形,其中\[R_{ijkl}^ \pm \]分别是曲率张量的自对偶部份及反自对偶部份,而":"表示共变 导数. 定理2 半对称空间如果不是对称空向,则必为Kahler-Einstein空间或共形半平坦Einstein空间.这里共形半平坦是指Weyl张量的反自对偶部份或自对偶部份为0.在附录中作者给出了二维黎曼流形上Yang-Mills方程的所有的整体解.     

容有平行Yang-Mills场的黎曼空间(英文)

如果一个Yang-Mills场(规范群为任意李群)的场强的所有规范导数均为0,则称这个场为平行的Yang-Mills场。平行规范场是微分几何中对称空间的推广,它是Yang-Mills方程的特解。 本文的主要结果是下列两个定理: 定理1 容有非平凡的平行Yang-Mills场的四维黎曼空间必须是Khler流形或半对称空间,这里半对称流形是满足的黎曼流形,其中分别是曲率张量的自对偶部份及反自对偶部份,而“;”表示共变导数。 定理2 半对称空间如果不是对称空间,则必为Khler-Einstein空间或共形半平坦Einstein空间。这里共形半平坦是指Weyl张量的反自对偶部份或自对偶部份为0。 在附录中作者给出了二维黎曼流形上Yang-Mills方程的所有的整体解。     

一般空间几何学的新发展

绪论自1918年P. Finsler发现一般空间就是通称为芬斯拉空间以来,这方面的几何学通过 E. Cartan, L. Berwald, H. Busemann, Б.Л.Л.anTeB,E. T. Davies及其他学者的努力,有了长足的进展。另一方面,继道路空间几何学之后,J. Douglas 首先研究了K展空间几何学,把以往关于黎曼空间、     

论射影平坦空间的一个特征

<正> §1.如所周知,黎曼空间中关于平面公理的嘉当(E.Cartan)定理可以拓广到更一般的空间中去,满足平面公理的 m 维黎曼空间在它的每点容有∞~(m-1)张全测地超曲面.柏尔特拉米(Beltrami)给出常曲率空间的另一特征,只有常曲率空间才能与欧氏空     

芬斯拉空間極小超曲面的同態變換

<正> 在芬斯拉-嘉當空間裹,正如J.M.Wegener所指出,極小超曲面的確定是和某一定的超曲面參數族的選擇有關的,並且除了A_i=0的芬斯拉空間而外,在幾何學上很難給它以完備的意義.現時A.Deicke證明了在完全正测度之下具有A~i=0的芬期拉空間恰是黎曼空間.這個驚異的結果使得在這樣特     

芬斯拉流形的整体安裝问题

<正> 1.把芬斯拉空间安装到明可夫斯基空间的问题,如果用局部的观点来讨论,是已经获得了解决,其结果是任一 n 维的芬斯拉空间一定可以安装在2n维的明可夫斯基空间中.现在我们从整体的观点来讨论本问题.所谓明可夫斯基空间便是一个仿射空间,并     

关于半对称空间的存在性和测地对应问题

Beltrami,E.证明了著名的测地对应定理,即 定理A 仅仅是常曲率空间才能和常曲率空间作成测地对应。 H.C.和Roter,W.分别将Beltrami定理加以推广,即证明了。 定理B 如果黎曼空间V_n(n>2)允许非平凡测地对应到黎曼循环空间V_n(即V_n的曲率张量满足其中记号“|”表示关于V_n的联络系数的协变微分;当λ_l=0时,V_n称为黎曼对称空间),则V_n是常曲率空间。     

关于曲面的切球丛的两点注记

本文讨论了曲面的切球丛的黎曼几何性质。证明了如下定理1 设(V,g)是2-维黎曼流形,(T(?)V,(?))是 V 上的切球丛,(?)为 Sasaki 度量,那么1)如果(T(?)V,(?))有正的截面曲率则 V 的 Gauss 曲率 k 必满足:0相似文献   

抛物区域上拟共形映射的极值性

分别记Ω={(x,y)|y2＜4(x 1))为平面上的抛物区域,Fk=Kx iy K-专是Ω上的水平拉伸映射,(Ω)=FK(Ω),E (C) aΩ,Q(FK|E)={f:f是Ω到(Ω)上的拟共形映射,f|E=Fk|E}.得到了FK在Q(FK|E)中极值的充要条件是∞为E的聚点.     

关于射影半对称联络

本文讨论了黎曼流形上的射影半对称联络,即与Levi-Civita联络射影等价的半对称联络的一些性质,得到了黎曼流形射影平坦的一个充要条件,以及一些与黎曼流形上的射影变换有关的结果。     

On projectively flat Finsler spaces

First we present a short overview of the long history of projectively flat Finsler spaces. We give a simple and quite elementary proof of the already known condition for the projective flatness, and we give a criterion for the projective flatness of a special Lagrange space (Theorem 1). After this we obtain a second-order PDE system, whose solvability is necessary and sufficient for a Finsler space to be projectively flat (Theorem 2). We also derive a condition in order that an infinitesimal transformation takes geodesics of a Finsler space into geodesics. This yields a Killing type vector field (Theorem 3). In the last section we present a characterization of the Finsler spaces which are projectively flat in a parameter-preserving manner (Theorem 4), and we show that these spaces over ${\mathbb {R}}^{n}$ are exactly the Minkowski spaces (Theorems 5 and 6).     

A projectively symmetric Finsler space

Symmetric (Riemannian) spaces were introduced and developed by Cartan [1, 2] which led to the discovery of projectively symmetric (Riemannian) spaces by Soós [9]. Recently the theory of symmetric spaces has been extended to Finsler geometry by the present author [5]. The current paper deals with that class of Finsler spaces throughout which their projective curvature tensors possess vanishing covariant derivatives. Following Soós' terminology such spaces are calledprojectively symmetric Finsler spaces. Examples, conditions for a symmetric Finsler space to be projectively symmetric, reduction of various identities, and the discussion of a decomposed projectively symmetric Finsler space form the skeleton of the paper.     

Differentiable Distance Spaces

The distance function \({\varrho(p, q) ({\rm or} d(p, q))}\) of a distance space (general metric space) is not differentiable in general. We investigate such distance spaces over \({\mathbb{R}^n}\), whose distance functions are differentiable like in case of Finsler spaces. These spaces have several good properties, yet they are not Finsler spaces (which are special distance spaces). They are situated between general metric spaces (distance spaces) and Finsler spaces. We will investigate such curves of differentiable distance spaces, which possess the same properties as geodesics do in Finsler spaces. So these curves can be considered as forerunners of Finsler geodesics. They are in greater plenitude than Finsler geodesics, but they become geodesics in a Finsler space. We show some properties of these curves, as well as some relations between differentiable distance spaces and Finsler spaces. We arrive to these curves and to our results by using distance spheres, and using no variational calculus. We often apply direct geometric considerations.     

On the classification of weakly symmetric Finsler spaces

In this paper, we give the classification of some special types of weakly symmetric Finsler spaces. We first present a general principle to classify weakly symmetric Finsler spaces and also give a method to figure out the Berwald spaces among the class of weakly symmetric Finsler spaces. Then we give an explicit classification of weakly symmetric Finsler spaces with reductive isometric groups as well as the left invariant weakly symmetric Finsler metrics on nilpotent Lie groups of the Heisenberg type. As an application, we obtain a large number of high-dimensional examples of reversible Finsler spaces which are non-Berwaldian and with vanishing S-curvature, a kind of spaces which are sought after in an open problem of Z. Shen.     

Finsler generalization of the Tamm metric

We study manifolds of the Finsler type whose tangent (pseudo-)Riemannian spaces are invariant under the (pseudo)orthogonal group. We construct the Cartan connection and study geodesics, extremals, and also motions. We establish that if the metric tensor of the space is a homogeneous tensor of the zeroth order with respect to the coordinates of the tangent vector, then the metric of the tangent space is realized on a cone of revolution. We describe the structure of geodesics on the cone as trajectories of motion of a free particle in a central field.     

Some modifications of the theorem of Beltrami

The two main topics of this text are as follows: Firstly, three modifications of the theorem of Beltrami will be presented for diffeomorphisms between Riemannian manifolds and a space form which preserve the geodesic circles, the geodesic hyperspheres, or the minimal surfaces, respectively. Secondly, it is defined what it means for an infinitesimal deformation of a metric to preserve the geodesics up to first order, and a corresponding infinitesimal version of Beltrami’s theorem is given.     

Locally symmetric Finsler spaces in negative curvature

É. Cartan introduced in 1926 the Riemannian locally symmetric spaces, as the spaces whose curvature tensor is parallel. They also owe their name to the fact that, for each point, the geodesic reflexion is a local isometry. The aim of this Note is to announce a strong rigidity result for Finsler spaces. Namely, we show that a negatively curved locally symmetric (in the first sense above) Finsler space is isometric to a Riemann locally symmetric space.     

Polyhedral Finsler spaces with locally unique geodesics

We study Finsler PL spaces, that is simplicial complexes glued out of simplices cut off from some normed spaces. We are interested in the class of Finsler PL spaces featuring local uniqueness of geodesics (for complexes made of Euclidean simplices, this property is equivalent to local CAT(0)). Though non-Euclidean normed spaces never satisfy CAT(0), it turns out that they share many common features. In particular, a globalization theorem holds: in a simply-connected Finsler PL space local uniqueness of geodesics implies the global one. However the situation is more delicate here: some basic convexity properties do not extend to the PL Finsler case.     

Conjugate points in length spaces

In this paper we extend the concept of a conjugate point in a Riemannian manifold to geodesic spaces. In particular, we introduce symmetric conjugate points and ultimate conjugate points and relate these notions to prior notions developed for more restricted classes of spaces. We generalize the long homotopy lemma of Klingenberg to this setting as well as the injectivity radius estimate also due to Klingenberg which was used to produce closed geodesics or conjugate points on Riemannian manifolds. We close with applications of these new kinds of conjugate points to CBA(κ) spaces: proving both known and new theorems. In particular we prove a Rauch comparison theorem, a Relative Rauch Comparison Theorem, the fact that there are no ultimate conjugate points less than π apart in a CBA(1) space and a few facts concerning closed geodesics. This paper is written to be accessible to students and includes open problems.