极性晶体中与形变势相互作用的表面极化子

有不少的极性晶体,电子与表面光学(SO)声子耦合强,但与表面声学(SA)声子耦合弱.研究电子与SO声子耦合强,与SA声子耦合弱的极性晶体中与形变势相互作用的表面极化子的性质.采用改进了的线性组合算符和微扰法导出了极性晶体中与形变势相互作用的表面极化子的有效哈密顿量.在计及电子在反冲效应中发射和吸收不同波矢的声子之间的相互作用时,讨论对表面极化子的有效哈密顿量、有效质量和有效相互作用势的影响.     

磷化物三元混晶中电子-声子相互作用的维度和体积效应

考虑电子-声子耦合强度因维度而异,导出了描述三维、二维和一维混晶中电子-声子相互作用的哈密顿量。考虑构成三元混晶的两种二元晶体的晶格失配会使混晶体积随元素组分比改变,在推导三维、二维和一维三元混晶中极化子自陷能量和重整化有效质量时计入了离子相对位移与二元晶体原胞体积的关系。结果表明:磷化物三元混晶中极化子自陷能量和重整化有效质量随元素组分的变化关系呈明显的非线性特征,对晶格适配明显、电子-声子耦合较强的材料,体积效应不可忽略。维度越低,非线性特征和体积效应越明显。     

多原子半无限晶体中表面极化子的内部激发态

研究多原子半无限晶体中电子与表面光学(SO)声子耦合强,而与体纵光学(LO)声子耦合弱的极化子的激发态性质.采用线性组合算符和幺正变换方法导出与SO声子耦合强而与LO声子耦合弱情形下极化子的基态能量、第一内部激发态能量和激发能量.结果表明,多原子半无限晶体中与SO声子耦合强,而与LO声子耦合弱的极化子的基态能量、第一内部激发态能量不仅包含不同支LO声子和不同支SO声子与电子耦合的能量,而且也包含不同支SO声子之间相互作用贡献的附加能量.激发能量与体纵光学声子无关.     

极性晶体中表面极化子的温度效应

有不少的极性晶体,电子与体纵光学声子的耦合弱,但与表面光学声予的耦合强.本文讨论电子和体纵光学声子耦合弱,与表面光学声子耦合强时对表面极化子的温度特性的影响,用线性组合算符法研究表面极化子的振动频率、诱生势和有效质量的温度依赖性.对AgBr晶体进行了数值计算,结果表明极化子的振动频率,诱生势和有效质量随温度的升高而减小.     

极性晶体膜中束缚极化子的有效质量

采用线性组合算符法和变分法,讨论了极性晶体膜中电子与SO声子耦合强,与LO声子耦合弱的电子-声子相互作用系统的有效质量.得出了束缚极化子的有效质量随膜厚的变化规律.对KCl材料进行数值计算的结果表明,不同支声子与电子相互作用对有效质量的贡献并不相同,而且由于束缚势的存在,使有效质量增大.     

多原子半无限晶体中极化子的激发能量

研究多原子半无限晶体中电子与表面光学SO声子和体纵光学LO声子强耦合的极化子的激发态的性质。采用线性组合算符和幺正变换方法导出强耦合情形下极化子的基态能量、第一内部激发态能量和激发能量。结果表明,多原子半无限晶体中强耦合极化子的基态能量、第一内部激发态能量和激发能量不仅包含不同支LO声子和不同支SO声子与电子耦合的能量,而且还包含不同支LO声子之间和不同支SO声子之间相互作用贡献的附加能量。     

弱耦合多原子半无限晶体中磁极化子的激发能量

近年来国内外对多原子极性晶体中磁极化子性质的研究十分活跃,Zorkani等采用变分法计算了束缚磁极化子的基态能量,Kandemir等采用束缚朗道态讨论了二维大磁极化子的基态和第一激发态能量,国内一些学者采用微扰法和新颖算符法讨论了多原子极性晶体中表面和体磁极化子的性质。采用线性组合算符和幺正变换,研究磁场中多原子半无限极性晶体中电子和光学声子弱耦合相互作用所产生的极化子的第一激发态能量及平均声子数。结果表明:当电子无限接近晶体表面时,磁极化子的基态能量仅为Landau能量;第一激发态能量为Landau基态能量的2倍;平均声子数等于各支与电子耦合的体光学声子数和表面光学声子数之和。而当电子处于晶体深处时,磁极化子的基态能量却为Landau基态能量与各支体光学声子以及表面光学声子分别耦合的能量之和;第一激发态能量仍为Landau基态能量的2倍;平均声子数等于各支与电子耦合的体光学声子数和与所处深度有关的各支体光学声子数之和,而与各支表面光学声子无关。     

半无限晶体中表面极化子的特性

研究半无限晶体中表面极化子的特性,采用Ｌ．Ｌ．Ｐ方法导出了表面极化子的有效哈密顿量、有效质量和声子之间相互作用的能量,讨论了电子在反冲效应中发射和吸收不同波矢声子之间相互作用对表面极化子性质的影响。     

声子之间相互作用对量子点中极化子性质的影响

研究了抛物量子点中弱耦合极化子的性质。采用线性组合算符和微扰法,导出了抛物量子点中极化子的基态能量。当计及电子在反冲效应中发射和吸收不同波矢的声子之间的相互作用时,讨论了对量子点中极化子的基态能量的影响。通过数值计算,结果表明,量子点中极化子基态能量随量子点的有效受限长度的减小而迅速增大,随电子-LO声子的耦合强度的增加而减少。当l₀>1.4时,声子之间的相互作用不能忽略。     

声子之间的相互作用对量子线中极化子性质的影响

研究了量子线中弱耦合极化子的性质。采用线性组合算符和微扰法导出量子线中弱耦合极化子的基态能量。在计及电子在反冲效应中发射和吸收不同波矢的声子之间的相互作用时,讨论了量子线的受限强度﹑电子-LO声子耦合强度和声子之间相互作用对量子线中弱耦合极化子的基态能量的影响。数值计算结果表明：量子线中弱耦合极化子的基态能量 随量子线的受限强度 的增大而增大, 表现出了量子线的量子尺寸效应。     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Improvement of four-wave mixing-based wavelength conversion efficiency in dispersion shifted fiber by 40-GHz clock pumping

40-GHz clock modulated signal as a pump to improve the efficiency of four-wave mixing (FWM)-based wavelength conversion in a 26.5-km dispersion shifted fiber (DSF) is investigated. The experimental results demonstrate that the conjugated FWM component has higher intensity with the clock pumping than that with the continuous-wave (CW) light pumping. The improvement of FWM-based wavelength conversion efficiency is negligible when the pump power is less than Brillouin threshold. But when the pump power is greater than Brillouin threshold, the improvement becomes significant and increases with the increment of pump power. The improvement can increase up to 9 dB if pump power reaches 17 dBm.     

Characterization of PolyA and PolyC mismatches by Raman spectroscopy

A.C mismatches are studied by Raman spectral characterization of PolyA, PolyC, and their equimolar complex in solution of 0.14 mol/L Na ,pH7.0.Experimental results show that A·C mismatches occur to be A/B (mainly A) conformers, and unlike Watson-Crick base pairing, this kind of mismatches is stabilized by only one hydrogen bond involving cytosine N4H2 and adenine N7.The formation of A·C complex makes the base stacking interactions much stronger, and conformation of the backbone more ordered, which leads to obvious Raman hypochromic effect with some shifts in corresponding bands.