On the structure of the solution set for first order differential equations

We study the structure of the solution set for the periodic boundary value problem for first order differential equations. We present some existence results and give conditions under which the solution set is compact, connected, or acyclic. If any of the assumptions is slightly modified, then it is shown that the solution set may be “chaotic”.     

Element number of the Platonic solids

Let Σ be a set of polyhedra. A set Ω of polyhedra is said to be an element set for Σ if each polyhedron in Σ is the union of a finite number of polyhedra in Ω. We call each polyhedron of the element set Ω an element for Σ. In this paper, we determine one element set for the set Π of the Platonic solids, and prove that this element set is, in fact, best possible; it achieves the minimum in terms of cardinality among all the element sets for Π. We also introduce the notion of indecomposability of a polyhedron and present a conjecture in Sect. 3.     

About the Lipschitz property of the metric projection in the Hilbert space

We consider the metric projection operator from the real Hilbert space onto a strongly convex set. We prove that the restriction of this operator on the complement of some neighborhood of the strongly convex set is Lipschitz continuous with the Lipschitz constant strictly less than 1. This property characterizes the class of strongly convex sets and (to a certain degree) the Hilbert space. We apply the results obtained to the question concerning the rate of convergence for the gradient projection algorithm with differentiable convex function and strongly convex set.     

On the Stability of Generalized Vector Quasivariational Inequality Problems

In this paper, we obtain some stability results for generalized vector quasivariational inequality problems. We prove that the solution set is a closed set and establish the upper semicontinuity property of the solution set for perturbed generalized vector quasivariational inequality problems. These results extend those obtained in Ref. 1. We obtain also the lower semicontinuity property of the solution set for perturbed classical variational inequalities. Several examples are given for the illustration of our results.     

On the topological equivalence of flows of Brouwer homeomorphisms

We prove that the set of all regular points of a flow of Brouwer homeomorphisms is invariant under topological equivalence of flows. We also show that a similar result holds for the first prolongational limit set.     

On the Local Profiles of Trees

We study the local profiles of trees. We show that in contrast with the situation for general graphs, the limit set of k‐profiles of trees is convex. We initiate a study of the defining inequalities of this convex set. Many challenging problems remain open.     

Closure of the Set of Diffusion Functionals – the One Dimensional Case

We characterize the closure with respect to Mosco or Γ-convergence of the set of diffusion functionals in the one dimension case. As commonly accepted we find this closure is a set of local Dirichlet forms. The difficulty is to identify the right notion of locality. We compare different possible definitions. We give a representation theorem for the elements of the considered closure.      

Dimension sets for infinite IFSs: the Texan Conjecture

We consider the set of Hausdorff dimensions of limit sets of finite subsystems of an infinite conformal iterated function system and refer to it as the restricted dimension set. The corresponding set for all subsystems will be referred to as the complete dimension set. We give sufficient conditions for a point to belong to the complete dimension set and consequently to be an accumulation point of the restricted dimension set. We also give sufficient conditions on the system for both sets to be nowhere dense in some interval. Both general results are illustrated by examples. Applying the first result to the case of continued fraction we are able to prove the Texan Conjecture, that is we show that the set of Hausdorff dimensions of bounded type continued fraction sets is dense in the unit interval.     

一类极小本原对称图的指数集

运用有向图方法完全确定出顶点带环的n阶极小本原对称有向图的本原指数集,所得的结论是:1)顶点全部自带环的n阶极小本原对称有向图所成的子图类之本原指数集E1={2,3,…,n-1};2)顶点不全带环的n阶极小本原对称有向图所成的子图类之本原指数集E2={2,3,…,2n-2}\S,其中S是{n,n+1,…,2n-2}中的所有奇数之集;3)顶点带环的n阶极小本原对称有向图所成的特殊图类之本原指数集En=E1∪E2={2,3,…,2n-2}\S.     

Approximation of Subharmonic Functions in the Half-Plane by the Logarithm of the Modulus of an Analytic Function

We approximate subharmonic functions defined in the open half-plane in the uniform metric outside the exceptional set by the logarithm of the modulus of an analytic (in the half-plane) function for the cases of a finite order and of an infinite lower order. We also obtain an estimate for the size of the exceptional set. It is shown that, in the case of a finite order, the obtained accuracy of the approximation cannot be essentially improved.     

Coincidence set of minimal surfaces for the thin obstacle

We consider the Thin Obstacle Problem for minimal surfaces in two dimensions. The coincidence set for an analytic obstacle is proved to be a finite union of intervals. We show also that the topological structure of the coincidence set is generically identical to the above in the space of twice-continuously differentiable obstacles.     

On the non-emptiness of the one-core and the bargaining set of committee games

We study the committee decision making process using game theory. Shenoy  [15] introduced two solution concepts: the one-core and the bargaining set, and showed that the one-core of a simple committee game is nonempty if there are at most four players. We extend this result by proving that whether the committee is simple or not, as far as there are less than five players, the one-core is nonempty. This result also holds for the bargaining set.     

On the estimate of distance traveled by a particle in a disk-like vortex patch

We consider the incompressible Euler equation in the plane in the case when its initial vorticity is the characteristic function of a bounded open set. We show that the travel distance grows linearly for most of fluid particles initially placed on the set when the area of the symmetric difference between the set and a disk is small enough.     

Characterizing the nondominated set by separable functions

We present sufficient and necessary conditions for classes of separable (additive) functions to generate the set of nondominated outcomes in multicriteria optimization problems. The basic technique consists of convexifying the set of outcomes and then applying the standard characterization of a convex set by a class of linear functions. The conditions include the case when the set of feasible alternatives is convex and the criteria are convex-transformable. We show that the sum of powers and the sum of functions of exponents can generate the nondominated set for an arbitrary set of outcomes (under compactness conditions). We also discuss monotonicity, proper nondominance, uniqueness and connectedness of solutions, and weights and trade-offs with respect to these functions.The research was done while the author was Visiting Professor at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Illinois. The author is grateful to G. Hazen, Northwestern University, for helpful discussions.     

Uniqueness of multiple Walsh series for the convergence on binary cubes

We consider uniqueness problems for multiple Walsh series convergent on binary cubes on a multidimensional binary group. We find conditions under which a given finite or countable set is a set of uniqueness.     

On the range sets of variational inequalities

This paper investigates the closedness and convexity of the range sets of the variational inequality (VI) problem defined by an affine mappingM and a nonempty closed convex setK. It is proved that the range set is closed ifK is the union of a polyhedron and a compact convex set. Counterexamples are given such that the range set is not closed even ifK is a simple geometrical figure such as a circular cone or a circular cylinder in a three-dimensional space. Several sufficient conditions for closedness and convexity of the range set are presented. Characterization for the convex hull of the range set is established in the case whereK is a cone, while characterization for the closure of the convex hull of the range set is established in general. Finally, some applications to stability of VI problems are derived.This work was supported by the Australian Research Council.We are grateful to Professors M. Seetharama Gowda, Olvi Mangasarian, Jong-Shi Pang, and Steve Robinson for references. We are thankful to Professor Jim Burke for discussions on Theorem 2.1 and Counterexample 3.5.     

On the number of irreducible linear transformation shift registers

We deal with the problem of counting the number of irreducible linear transformation shift registers (TSRs) over a finite field. In a recent paper, Ram reduced this problem to calculate the cardinality of some set of irreducible polynomials and got explicit formulae for the number of irreducible TSRs of order two. We find a bijection between Ram’s set to another set of irreducible polynomials which is easier to count, and then give a conjecture about the number of irreducible TSRs of any order. We also get explicit formulae for the number of irreducible TSRs of order three.     

Necessary and sufficient conditions for the topological conjugacy of surface diffeomorphisms with a finite number of orbits of heteroclinic tangency

We consider diffeomorphisms of orientable surfaces with the nonwandering set consisting of a finite number of hyperbolic fixed points and the wandering set containing a finite number of heteroclinic orbits of transversal and nontransversal intersection. We distinguish a meaningful class of diffeomorphisms and present a complete topological invariant for this class. The invariant is a scheme consisting of a set of numerical parameters and a set of geometric objects.     

Criteria for the stability of the finiteness property and for the uniqueness of Barabanov norms

A set of matrices is said to have the finiteness property if the maximal rate of exponential growth of long products of matrices drawn from that set is realised by a periodic product. The extent to which the finiteness property is prevalent among finite sets of matrices is the subject of ongoing research. In this article, we give a condition on a finite irreducible set of matrices which guarantees that the finiteness property holds not only for that set, but also for all sufficiently nearby sets of equal cardinality. We also prove a theorem giving conditions under which the Barabanov norm associated to a finite irreducible set of matrices is unique up to multiplication by a scalar, and show that in certain cases these conditions are also persistent under small perturbations.     

Indecomposable continua and the Julia sets of polynomials, II

We find necessary and sufficient conditions for the connected Julia set of a polynomial of degree d?2 to be an indecomposable continuum. One necessary and sufficient condition is that the impression of some prime end (external ray) of the unbounded complementary domain of the Julia set J has nonempty interior in J. Another is that every prime end has as its impression the entire Julia set. The latter answers a question posed in 1993 by the second two authors.We show by example that, contrary to the case for a polynomial Julia set, the image of an indecomposable subcontinuum of the Julia set of a rational function need not be indecomposable.