速差动力学分光光度法同时测定镍和锌

研究了镍与 5 Br PAN S显色反应的动力学特性。在pH 6.0条件下 ,当[5 Br PAN S]:[Ni2 + ]≥ 2 1 .6时 ,该反应在常温下数分钟内即能完成 ,并测得其表观摩尔吸光系数为 5 .0 0× 1 0 4 L·mol-1·cm-1,求得表观活化能为 44 34kJ mol。利用 5 Br PAN S与镍反应速率较慢 ,建立了一种准确测定混合体系中镍和锌含量的速差动力学分光光度法。方法已应用于电镀废液中镍和锌的同时测定。     

以2,2′,4,4′-四羟基二苯甲酮为配体分光光度法测定痕量镍

以2,2′,4,4′-四羟基二苯甲酮(BP-2)为配体,采用分光光度法测定痕量Ni 2+。在pH9.80的硼酸-氯化钾-氢氧化钠缓冲溶液中,BP-2与Ni 2+在60℃下反应20min后,生成络合物,其最大吸收波长在434nm,摩尔吸光率为2.025×104L·mol-1·cm-1。Ni 2+的质量浓度在0.20~23.0mg·L-1范围内与吸光度呈线性关系,检出限(3S/N)为0.17 mg·L-1。加标回收率在99.3%~103%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)在1.1%之内。采用此方法测定含Ni 2+废液中的Ni 2+,结果与原子吸收光谱法的测定结果的相对误差为-0.98%。     

棉秆半焦与载镍橄榄石固-固化学链反应动力学研究

本实验利用微型流化床反应分析仪(MFBRA)研究了棉秆半焦(CSC)与载镍橄榄石(Ni/olivine)的固-固化学链反应特性,利用模型拟合法在等温条件下对29种模型函数进行拟合计算,从中选取了最优的三种模型,计算出棉秆半焦和载氧体的固-固反应动力学。结果表明,CO和CO_2是CSC与Ni/olivine反应的主要气体产物,固-固反应过程中,先析出CO后再析出CO_2,CSC并不会完全转换成CO_2,产气中CO的浓度比CO_2大;随着反应温度的升高,产气中CO和CO_2的浓度和产率增加。CO、CO_2和CSC利用三种不同模型函数计算出来的活化能平均值分别为27.5、46.4和69.8 kJ/mol。利用热重研究了CSC和Ni/olivine非等温反应特性及动力学,结果表明,CSC和Ni/olivine的反应从750℃开始,在890℃时反应速率达到了峰值,非等温反应活化能为72.05 kJ/mol,这与MFBRA等温动力学活化能基本相似,说明生物质化学链气化过程中,半焦和镍基载氧体的固-固反应较容易发生。     

镍—二甲酚橙—溴化十六烷基本甲铵动力学光度法测定镍

研究了Ｎｉ＾２＋与二甲酚橙及溴化十六烷基三甲铵形成三元络合物的反应特性，测定了反应级烽和表观活性能。基于该络合反应速率小的特性，采用对数外推法计算机处理数据，建立了停流－动力学测定Ｎｉ＾２＋的新方法。大多九元素的干扰均可用动力学方法消除，应用于镍矿等实样中镍的测定，结果满意，其相对标准偏上于３％。     

贵金属铂对镍基催化剂上萘转化性能的影响

 在常压连续流动固定床反应器上，以萘作为生物质气化气中焦油的模型化合物，研究了Pt对Ni／Al2O3催化剂上萘的转化率、CO和H2的选择性及收率的影响，比较了Ni－Pt／Al2O3和Ni／Al2O3两种催化剂上萘的水蒸气转化所产生的积碳量和副产物的种类，并初步考察了Ni－Pt／Al2O3催化剂上萘的水蒸气转化反应的动力学．     

阻抑动力学光度法测定白鼠肝脏中的超痕量镍(Ⅱ)

在 NH3- H2 O- NH4 Cl介质中 ,超痕量镍 ( )能阻抑 H2 O2 氧化甲基紫褪色的指示反应 ,研究了阻抑褪色反应的最佳条件和动力学参数 ,建立了测定超痕量镍 ( )的新方法。方法检出限为 4.4× 1 0 -11g/m L Ni( ) ,测定范围为 0～1 .0μg/2 5m L。方法已用于测定生物样品中的 Ni( )。     

微波衍生-离子对高效液相-磺化四苯基卟啉光度法同时测定痕量镍、铜、锰和锌

 用磺化四苯基卟啉 (TPPS4 )作柱前衍生试剂 ,在微波作用下进行衍生反应 ,研究了衍生和分离Ni2 + ,Mn2 + ,Zn2 + 和Cu2 + 的最佳条件。在 75 0W的微波作用下衍生反应 3min ,在C18柱上采用乙腈 水 (体积比为 2 2 5∶77 5 )体系作流动相 ,四乙基溴化铵 (TEABr)作离子对试剂 ,在 415nm处检测 ,建立了微波衍生 离子对高效液相快速分离、光度检测Ni2 + ,Mn2 + ,Zn2 + 和Cu2 + 的新方法。络合物和反应试剂在 15min内出峰完毕。Zn2 + ,Cu2 + ,Ni2 + 和Mn2 + 的检测限分别为 0 0 5 μg/L ,0 0 1μg/L ,0 10 μg/L和 0 40 μg/L。     

基于氧反应模式的ICP-MS/MS高灵敏测定食品中痕量镍

提出了电感耦合等离子体串联质谱(ICP-MS/MS)法测定食品中痕量Ni的策略。食品样品经微波消解后采用ICP-MS/MS分析。在MS/MS模式下，分别采用O₂和NH₃/He为反应气体，利用Ni⁺与反应气发生质量转移反应消除质谱干扰。虽然在2种反应模式下均能将质谱干扰消除至接近背景水平，但研究表明，采用O₂为反应气，将Ni⁺转化为NiO⁺进行测定获得的灵敏度更高，检出限(LOD)更低。通过理论计算与实验验证揭示了Ni⁺与O₂的质量转移反应机制。在优化条件下，Ni的LOD低至11.5 ng/L。通过分析标准参考物质，并与采用国标GB 5009.138-2017法结果进行对比分析，评价方法的准确性。结果显示，在95%的置信度水平，本方法结果与国标法无显著性差异，相对标准偏差(RSD)为2.8%～4.7%, 2种方法的测定值与标准参考物质的认证值基本一致。     

2,3,7-三羟基-9-水杨基荧光酮催化动力学光度法测定痕量Ni(Ⅱ)

基于在NaOH溶液中及45℃加热条件下,Ni(Ⅱ)对H2O2氧化2,3,7-三羟基-水杨基荧光酮溶液褪色反应具有灵敏的催化作用.研究了反应的最佳条件,建立了催化动力学光度法测定痕量Ni(Ⅱ)的光度分析方法.非催化反应与催化反应的吸光度差值△A与Ni(Ⅱ)的质量浓度P在0.00～0.15μg/mL范围内呈良好的线性关系,...     

天祝褐煤腐植酸对Ni2+离子吸附性能研究

通过FTIR、FR分析了天祝腐植酸吸附重金属Ni2+离子前后的红外光谱、荧光强度的变化,对重金属离子Ni2+进行了吸附性能及机理研究.结果表明:在室温条件下(20℃～ 25℃),吸附最佳pH=6,吸附平衡时间约为5h.符合Freundlich吸附模型,相关系数R=0.9998,特性常数n为2.49.腐植酸对Ni2+有较好的吸附性能,其吸附过程可用Ho准二级反应动力学模型描述.     

胶束介质在速差动力学分析中的应用: 钴、镍的同时测定

研究溴化十六烷基三甲铵表面活性剂对钴(Ⅱ)、镍(Ⅱ)与二甲酚橙配位反应的影响, 测定了反应级数和表观活化能。由于胶束介质的存在, 钴(Ⅱ)、镍(Ⅱ)三元配合物的灵敏度比二元配合物分别提高了4.4和8.6倍, 并扩大了两组分的速率差别, 改善了反应的选择性。基于两组分反应速率的差别, 采用对数外推法计算机处理数据, 建立了速差动力学同时测定钴(Ⅱ)、镍(Ⅱ)的新方法。应用于钴精矿等几种实际样品中钴、镍的同时测定获得了满意结果, 其相对误差和标准偏差分别在4%和3%以内。     

Ternary surface complexes in silica-Ni2+ ions-2,2′-dipyridyl systems

The adsorption of complexes of nickel ions with an organic base (2,2′-dipyridyl) at an interface between silica and an aqueous electrolyte solution has been considered in terms of the theory of complexation. It has been shown that, on the silica surface, ternary complexes are formed, in which nickel ions are bonded to silanol groups. The equilibrium constants of the reactions of ternary surface complex formation have been calculated from the adsorption curves describing the pH dependences of nickel ion and dipyridyl adsorption.     

Ternary Complex Nickel(II)/3-(4′,5′-Dimethyl-2′-Thiazolylazo)-2,6-Dihydroxybenzoic Acid/Cyanide. Spectrophotometric Determination of Nickel

Abstract

A spectrophotometric method for nickel has been developed based on the formation of a ternary complex in the system Ni(II)/3-(4′,5′-dimethyl-2′-thiazolylazo)-2,6-dihydroxybenzoic acid/cyanide at pH 9.2 (borate buffer), which allows the determination of 0.05–0.47ppm of nickel (ε = 3.53×10⁴ 1.mol^?1. cm^?1) at 538nm. Interferences have been studied and the method applied to the determination of nickel in low alloy steels.     

丁二酮肟光度法测定Al-Ni10-Cu20合金中的镍

用丁二酮肟光度法测定Al-Ni10-Cu20合金中的镍。在碱性介质中并有氧化剂存在下，加入EDTA阻碍铜与丁二酮肟生成暗蓝色络合物，从而消除了铜对镍的干扰，使镍离子与丁二酮肟充分反应生成可溶性酒红色络合物，然后用光度法测定镍含量。该方法简便易行，用于Al-Ni10-Cu20合金中镍的测定，结果较准确。     

High-performance liquid chromatographic determination of uranium using solvent extraction and bis(salicylaldehyde) tetramethylethylenediimine as complexing reagent

The reagent bis(salicylaldehyde)tetramethylethylenediimine has been used for the determination of dioxouranium(VI), based on complexation in aqueous solution at pH 6, followed by extraction in chloroform and HPLC determination on a Hypersil ODS (3 μm) column. The complex was eluted with the ternary mixture methanol-acetonitrile-water (40:30:30, v/v/v), with UV detection at 260 nm. Oxovanadium(IV), iron(III), copper(II), cobalt(II), nickel(II) and palladium(II) were completely separated and did not interfere in the determination of uranium. The linear calibration range and detection limits have been obtained. The method has been applied to the determination of uranium together with copper, iron and nickel in mineral ore samples.     

Determination of nickel with 2-(2-quinolylazo)-5-diethylaminoaniline as a chromogenic reagent.

A sensitive, selective and rapid method for the determination of nickel based on a rapid reaction of nickel(II) with 2-(2-quinolylazo)-5-diethylaminoaniline (QADEAA) has been developed. In the presence of pH = 6.0 ammonia-ammonium chloride buffer solution and sodium dodecyl sulfonate (SDS) medium, QADEAA reacts with nickel to form a violet complex having a molar ratio of 1:2 (nickel to QADEAA). The molar absorptivity of the complex is 1.38 x 10(5) l mol(-1) cm(-1) at 595 nm. Beer's law is obeyed in the range of 0.01-0.4 microg/ml. This method had been applied to the determination of nickel with good results.     

o-Diketonedioxime compounds as analytical reagents for the spectrophotometric determination of nickel

Sixteen dioxime compounds, including six new compounds, were synthesized and their reactions with nickel, cobalt, iron(II, III) and copper ions were examined. The nickel chelates of the glyoxime derivatives show hardly any absorption in the visible region, and are therefore unsuitable as color reagents. The nickel chelates of the benzildioxime derivatives can be extracted into organic solvents and provide a selective color reaction, so that useful extraction-spectrophotometric methods are possible. The metal complexes of quinonedioximes are extracted into some organic solvents, and the complexes have relatively large molar absorptivities in the visible region, but the reagents are not selective. However, the molar absorptivity of the ternary complex, Ni²⁺-reagent-zephiramine, with 1,2-naphthoquinonedioxime-4-sulfonic acid was 2.03·10⁴ at 480 nm, and that of the nickel complex of 9,10-phenanthrenequinonedioxime was 2.49·10⁴at 456 nm. The compositions of the nickel-dioxime complexes were examined spectrophotometrically.     

Greener solid state synthesis of a ternary lanthanum complex at room temperature

Wet chemical synthesis of rare-earth complexes often requires large amounts of solvents to dissolve reactants, and the use of base to neutralize acidic solution. We have explored a green alternative route that involves solid-state synthesis of ternary lanthanum complex at room temperature by using lanthanum chloride hydrate (LaCl_3?·?6H₂O), sodium p-hydroxybenzoate (PBA), and 8-hydroxyquinoline (8-hq). The structure and composition of the ternary lanthanum complex were confirmed by microanalysis, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), UV-Vis, X-ray diffraction (XRD), electron diffraction, and thermogravimetric analysis. UV-Vis and FT-IR spectra confirms coordination of lanthanum ion with two ligands and XRD results show that signals of the product are not from the three reactants, and are believed to originate from the ternary lanthanum complex prepared by solid-state reaction. Effects of reaction conditions such as molar ratios and synthetic method on the formation of ternary lanthanum complex were also investigated. The structure and composition of the ternary lanthanum complex are independent of molar ratios of reactants. Compared to the ternary lanthanum complex prepared via solution-phase synthesis, although the ternary lanthanum complex prepared by solid-state reactions has the same composition and structure, the synthesis is scalable and greener.     

Molten lithium carbonate—sodium carbonate—potassium carbonate eutectic: The reaction of six first row transition metal cations

The reactions of manganese(II), iron(II), iron(III), cobalt(II), nickel(II) and copper(II) chlorides with the molten alkali metal carbonate eutectic have been studied by thermogravimetry. The insoluble products (binary or ternary metal oxides) have been identified by X-ray diffraction and reaction stoichiometries are suggested. Nickel(II) solutions were sufficiently stable for electronic spectroscopy and indicated, as did thermogravimetry, that addition of potassium chloride did not cause significant formation of chloro complexes.     

铜(II)-α,α'-联吡啶-二氧四胺大环三元体系的热化学性质

大环多腔的空腔为过渡金属离子提供了良好的配位环境，很多大环配合物都具有特殊的结构及性质．二氧四肢大环具有大环和肽的双重性质，是某些具有3d电子的二价金属离子的极好的螫合剂问．其配合物显示了一些特殊的性质和重要的生物功能．如作酶的模型、氧的载体等K和铜（11）配