Element functions of discrete operator difference method

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On the application of mixed method to solve solids of revolution with discrete fixed supports

In this paper, the force method of statically indeterminate structure mechanics is used to treat the solids of revolution with discrete fixed supports. The reactionary forces of discrete fixed supports are considered as statically indeterminate unknown variables. The force-method canonical equations, in which the coefficient matrix and the right-hand vector are computed by semi-analytical finite element method, are solved. Then the finite element solution of solid of revolution with discrete fixed supports is calculated with the external loads superposed from the assigned external loads and the reactionary forces of discrete supports.     

Hamel框架下几何精确梁的离散动量守恒律

Hamel场变分积分子是一种研究场论的数值方法, 可以通过使用活动标架规避几何非线性带来的计算复杂度, 同时数值上具有良好的长时间数值表现和保能动量性质. 本文在一维场论框架下, 以几何精确梁为例, 从理论上探究Hamel场变分积分子的保动量性质. 具体内容包括: 利用活动标架法对几何精确梁建立动力学模型, 通过变分原理得到其动力学方程, 利用其动力学方程及Noether定理得到系统动量守恒律; 将几何精确梁模型离散化, 通过变分原理得到其Hamel场变分积分子, 利用Hamel场变分积分子和离散Noether定理得到离散动量守恒律, 并给出离散动量的一阶近似表达式; Hamel场变分积分子可在计算中利用系统对称性消除系统运动带来的非线性问题, 但此框架中离散对流速度、离散对流 应变及位形均不共点, 而这种错位导致离散动量中出现级数项, 本文对几何精确梁的离散动量与连续形式的关系及其应 用进行了讨论, 并通过算例验证了结论. 上述证明方法也同样适用一般经典场论场景下的Hamel场变分积分子. Hamel场变分积分子的动量守恒为进一步研究其保结构性质提供了参考依据.      

Some problems of second method of Lyapunov. In discrete systems

The geometric properties of the solution set of Lyapunov equation of linear time-invariant discrete system are discussed. Furthermore, the stabitility of piecewise linear discrete systems is studied and some sufficient conditions are obtained for the asymptotical stability of piecewise linear discrete systems in which each sub-system is stable. The results are applied to second order piecewise linear systems.Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China.     

Studies on optimal topology design of structures with discrete variables

Some problems in the optimal topology design of structures with discrete variables are studied in this paper. The problem of a model of discrete optimization is discussed and a neglected fact that discrete optimum design may be controlled by the discreteness of sizing variables and global constraints is pointed out. A heuristic algorithm for solving discrete topology optimization problems of trusses and frames is proposed.     

离散变量结构拓扑优化设计研究

研究了离散变量结构拓扑优化设计的若干问题，讨论了离散型优化模型的合理性，提出截面设计变量的离散程度和全局约束影响最优拓扑，是优化中不可忽视的因素，文中还提出了一种解离散变量桁架，刚架结构拓扑优化的启发式算法。     

Modulation instability,conservation laws and soliton solutions for an inhomogeneous discrete nonlinear Schrödinger equation

In this paper, an inhomogeneous discrete nonlinear Schrödinger equation is analytically investigated. The modulation instability condition and conservation laws are derived. By virtue of the discrete Darboux transformation, two types of explicit solutions on the vanishing and non-vanishing backgrounds are generated. Those results might be useful in the study of solitons propagation in discrete optical fibers.     

离散变量结构优化设计的连续化方法

把离散变量结构优化设计问题转化为一般的0-1规划问题,进一步把该问题转化为一个带有互补约束的优化问题,利用NCP函数,最终得到待以求解的连续优化问题。离散优化到基于NCP函数的连续优化变换在理论上是等价的,可以利用普通的数学规划方法实施求解。数值算例的计算结果验证了该连续化方法的可行性与有效性。     

A direct method for obtaining discrete relaxation spectra from creep data

A direct method for obtaining discrete relaxation spectra from creep data is proposed. The conversion of creep data to relaxation data is avoided and the discrete relaxation times are freely adjustable. The nonnegative least square method is used to generate nonnegative discrete relaxation strength. Received: 10 November 1999 Accepted: 22 September 2000     

离散元法及其耦合算法的研究综述

介绍了离散单元法的基本理论及其研究现状,以及离散单元法与有限单元法、边界单元法、界面单元法等数值计算方法耦合的研究现状和最新进展,并讨论了离散单元法今后的发展趋势及亟待解决的问题.     

两个新型的八结点块体单元—三维离散算子差分法

给出了弹性力学三维问题的离散算子差分法 ,讨论离散算子差分法在三维问题中的特点 ,意在为该方法的进一步发展提供依据 ,为应用弱形式进行数值求解的研究提供参考。本文从弹性力学平衡方程更为一般的弱形式出发 ,给出了含边界参数的弱形式方程。由该方程不仅可以得到有限元法 ,还可得到离散算子差分法。给出了两个八结点块体单元 ,虽然单元中位移函数是非协调的 ,不需特殊处理便可保证离散格式收敛 ,并对单元位移有十分好的反映能力。     

Solid mechanics of discrete form and the variational principles of the discontinuous form

This paper discusses the fundamental assumptions,the differen-tial equations,and the variational principles of discontinuousform belonging to a new developing branch of science-the solidmechanics of discrete form.The solid mechanics of discrete formbelongs to the branch of science of discrete medium mechanicswhich is the developing direction of the mechanics for the pre-sent.Based on the solid system with discretization and sepa-rability,the unknown functions with discontinuity in definedregions and the defined regions with variable boundaries,themechanics systems to solve the solid displacements,strains andstresses in various cases are called the solid mechanics of dis-crete form.when the unknown functions are sufficiently smooth func-tions in the whole defined region and the effects of the vari-able boundaries are disregarded,the solid mechanics of discreteform will degenerate into the classical solid mechanics belong-ing to continuum.mechanics:Its variational principles will de-generate into the clas     

Continuum modeling of periodic brickwork

Continuum models of periodic masonry brickwork, viewed at a micro-level as a discrete system, are identified within the frame of linearized elasticity. The accuracy of various identification schemes is investigated for standard and micropolar continua, which are directly compared with the help of some numerical benchmarks, for different loading conditions that induce periodic and non-periodic deformation states. It is shown that periodic deformation states of brickwork are exactly reproduced by both continua, provided that a suitable identification scheme is adopted. For non-periodic states micropolar continuum is shown to better reproduce the discrete solutions, due to its capability to take scale effects into account. Both continua are asymptotically equivalent as the characteristic length of the discrete system tends to zero, while providing an upper and a lower bound of the discrete solution.     

Micromorphic modeling of granular dynamics

This paper provides micromorphic modeling of a granular material. Micromorphic modeling treats an individual particle as a microelement and the particle composition in a representative volume element as a macroelement. By specifying the volume of a macroelement, continuum volume-type quantities such as mass density, body force, body couple, kinetic energy density, internal energy density, specific heat supply, etc., are determined by taking the averages of their discrete counterparts in a macroelement. The discrete expressions for the divergence of surface-type quantities (fluxes) are obtained with the help of discrete–continuum analogy for the discrete balance equations. We demonstrate that the discrete formulation of stress tensor in the dynamic condition, which involves both contributions from body forces and relative particle accelerations in a macroelement, can be simply expressed in terms of contact forces and branch vectors. This study constructs complete discrete-type and continuum-type balance equations for a granular material in a macroelement and at a macroscopic point, using the discrete–continuum correspondence for these field quantities.     

Bifurcation from Discrete Rotating Waves

Discrete rotating waves are periodic solutions that have discrete spatiotemporal symmetries in addition to their purely spatial symmetries. We present a systematic approach to the study of local bifurcation from discrete rotating waves. The approach centers around the analysis of diffeomorphisms that are equivariant with respect to distinct group actions in the domain and the range. Our results are valid for dynamical systems with finite symmetry group, and more generally, for bifurcations from isolated discrete rotating waves in dynamical systems with compact symmetry group.     

A coupled discrete/continuous method for computing lattices. Application to a masonry-like structure

This paper presents a coupled discrete/continuous method for computing lattices and its application to a masonry-like structure. This method was proposed and validated in the case of a one dimensional (1D) railway track example presented in Hammoud et al. (2010). We study here a 2D model which consists of a regular lattice of square rigid grains interacting by their elastic interfaces in order to prove the feasibility and the robustness of our coupled method and highlight its advantages. Two models have been developed, a discrete one and a continuous one. In the discrete model, the grains which form the lattice are considered as rigid bodies connected by elastic interfaces (elastic thin joints). In other words, the lattice is seen as a “skeleton” in which the interactions between the rigid grains are represented by forces and moments which depend on their relative displacements and rotations. The continuous model is based on the homogenization of the discrete model (Cecchi and Sab, 2009). Considering the case of singularities within the lattice (a crack for example), we develop a coupled model which uses the discrete model in singular zones (zones where the discrete model cannot be homogenized), and the continuous model elsewhere. A new criterion of coupling is developed and applied at the interface between the discrete and the continuum zones. It verifies the convergence of the coupled solution to the discrete one and limits the size of the discrete zone. A good agreement between the full discrete model and the coupled one is obtained. By using the coupled model, an important reduction in the number of degrees of freedom and in the computation time compared to that needed for the discrete approach, is observed.     

一种简单的局部离散速度统一气体动理论格式

统一气体动理论格式UGKS(Unified Gas-Kinetic Scheme)是一种适用于从连续流到自由分子流的全流域计算格式。在该格式中一般使用统一的离散速度空间。而在高速流动中,不同节点的分布函数往往差异很大。为了保证计算的精度,离散速度空间必须满足所有节点的需要,占用了大量的内存。采用局部的均匀离散速度空间,离散速度的范围随节点状态的变化而变化,从而降低了内存的需要,并通过引入背景网格避免了不同节点离散速度的插值。最后,通过两个一维算例对该方法进行了测试。测试结果显示,采用局部离散速度空间能够得到可靠的结果,并且在模拟高速流动时计算效率明显提高。     

Some problems associated with the disturbed matrix Lyapunov equation for linear time-invariant discrete systems

Both the Lyapunov stability and popov’s hyperstability ofdiscrete linear time-invariant system in case of system para-meter disturbance are discussed in this paper.The allowabledisturbance ranges are given so that the maintenance of theLyapunov stability and the popov’s hyperstability of a dis-crete linear system is guaranteed.The results find theirsignificance in the MRAC.