超子耦合常数对混合星性质的影响

用相对论平均场理论描述强子物质, 用NJL模型描述夸克物质研究了超子耦合常数对混合星性质的影响. 结果表明, 随着超子耦合常数的增大, 强子-夸克相变密度变小, 混合相区域的状态方程变硬, 中子星的最大质量及对应的半径变大. 超子耦合常数由0.73增到1.0时, 混合星最大质量由1.68M_⊙增至1.84M_⊙, 相应的半径由11.4km变到12.5km. 该夸克模型下不同强子参数组对应的混合星性质也有较明显的差异. 可知, 其适合于描述大质量而小夸克核心的混合星.     

QGP强子化的多粒子玻色–爱因斯坦关联分析

计算了由夸克–胶子等离子体(QGP)颗粒表面强子化所产生的π介子和K介子的多粒子玻色–爱因斯坦关联.对有限初始重子数密度的情况,K⁺介子的多粒子关联比π介子的多粒子关联弱,K^－介子的平均多粒子关联强度随QGP颗粒数目N_d的增加而快速下降.在零初始重子数密度情况下,K⁺和π介子的平均多粒子关联强度的差别随N_d的增加而变得明显.     

用孤粒子袋模型计算强子的静态物理性质

本文在平均场近似下,对孤粒子袋模型作了较详细的数值解,计算了强子静态物理性质.特点是考虑了夸克质量和质心修正后,明显改善g_A/g_V值,并且,强子质量、均方根电荷半径和磁矩等均与实验值基本相符.初步导出d夸克和u夸克间的质量差.     

e＋e－湮没为轻夸克对的强子产率

通过分析e^＋e^－→q₀q₀→h′s过程轻味夸克jet事例中电磁与强作用激发夸克的平均产生几率,得出初始轻味uds夸克jet中各种粒子的产率与初始夸克味道和夸克对数N的依赖关系.进一步给出领头强子的相对产率,同样明显与初始夸克味道和夸克对数N有关.这种依赖关系在低能区更明显     

关于J/ψ辐射衰变产生胶球态的另一种机制

基于粲夸克偶素J/ψ质量大而寿命长的特征的物理内涵和对胶球态产生条件的理解,提出了J/ψ→Gb+γ过程产生胶球态的另一种机制,即认为胶球态Gb来自J/ψ中的组分粲夸克对c_con.(c_con.)分别转变为流粲夸克对c_{cur.(ccur.)时所发射的色八重态胶团对的融合,而余下的流粲夸克对再湮没为光子γ.通过用此模型的计算,讨论了ΓJ/ψ→Gb+γ与有关参数值的关系,并与J/ψ辐射衰变中通过两个末态胶子的强子化产生胶球的机制作出了对比.}     

BSW方案中的模型相关性

在Baner,Stech,Wirbel(BSW)方案中,计算D和B介子弱衰变矩阵元使用了强子模型波函数.分析了几种不同的价夸克模型波函数,研究了它们的性质,正确地应用于计算D和B介子弱衰变过程的分支比.结果表明,在目前的实验误差范围内对于不同的模型波函数,相应地选取合适的a₁和a₂参量都能得到与大多数实验数据相符的预言.因此从理论上进一步探讨弱过程因子化,强子波函数和从实验上提高精度都将有助于研究BSW方案的模型相关性和可靠性.     

改进的核密度模型与强子-核Drell-Yan过程中的核效应

提出了改进的核密度模型，用唯象的方法找到了束缚核子内价夸克和海夸克的核效应的参数公式，其中利用了核密度与原子核的平均结合能之间的联系. 利用该模型所得到的束缚核子内部分子分布函数，对强子与核的Drell-Yan过程的核效应给出了满意的解释, 深化了对原子核内夸克分布受核效应影响的认识. 关键词： 核密度模型 核效应 强子-核Drell-Yan过程     

QCD非微扰和能量丢失效应对夸克分布影响

在非常数性K因子的情况下,根据核Drell-Yan过程的高能强子h同原子核A碰撞和高能轻子l同原子核A深度非弹性碰撞的实验数据,在考虑QCD非微扰效应对深度非弹性散射部分子分布的影响及Drell-Yan过程中的能量丢失效应,计算确定价夸克分布和海夸克分布核效应函数RAυ(x₂),RAS(x₂)的变化,深化了对原子核内夸克分布受核效应影响的认识     

袋模型进展

本文回顾了强子结构袋模型几年来所取得进展,着重介绍近两年来的进展。总结是沿以下三个方面进行的,(一)理论描述的进一步完善,包括半定量地介绍了R.L.Jaffe等人最近提出的,考虑到手征对称的混合袋模型。(二)袋模型对强子静态性质的应用,包括轻夸克强子和重夸克强子的质量谱,以及对π介子质量的重新考虑。(三)多夸克强子,分析了它们分类情况,并估计了它们的质量。袋模型对于强子衰变,强子碰撞等动态过程,以及对原子核的应用成就不多,进展不大,而且篇幅有限,未作定量介绍。     

袋模型进展

本文回顾了强子结构袋模型几年来所取得进展,着重介绍近两年来的进展。总结是沿以下三个方面进行的,(一)理论描述的进一步完善,包括半定量地介绍了R.L.Jaffe等人最近提出的,考虑到手征对称的混合袋模型。(二)袋模型对强子静态性质的应用,包括轻夸克强子和重夸克强子的质量谱,以及对π介子质量的重新考虑。(三)多夸克强子,分析了它们分类情况,并估计了它们的质量。袋模型对于强子衰变,强子碰撞等动态过程,以及对原子核的应用成就不多,进展不大,而且篇幅有限,未作定量介绍。     

Density profiles and solvation force for a liquid in a slit

Computer simulations and density functional theory results are reported for a Lennard-Jones liquid in a slit or pore formed by two parallel hard walls. Both density profiles and solvation forces are computed. Two classes of calculation are performed. In the first class, a high bulk density is selected and, starting from a high temperature, the temperature is reduced until the temperature corresponding to bulk liquid—vapour coexistence is reached. For small slit widths or exceedingly large widths, the density in the slit decreases continuously until the slit is virtually empty or ‘dry’. When the slit width is somewhat larger than a molecular diameter, but still finite, the density in the slit decreases continuously as the temperature is decreased until there is an abrupt change in the density in the slit. Below this temperature, the density is smaller. Further decreases in the temperature, result in a continuous decrease in the slit density until the slit is virtually empty. In the second class, the density and temperature for bulk coexistence are chosen and the bulk density is increased. At the temperature and bulk density for bulk coexistence, the slit is virtually empty and remains so for all widths that we consider. As the bulk density is increased at constant temperature, the slit remains empty as the width is increased until some specific width is reached and then starts to fill abruptly. The agreement of the density functional and simulation results is qualitative but good.     

CHIRAL PHASE TRANSITION IN A MODEL WITH DYNAMICAL SPONTANEOUS-SYMMETRY-BREAKING AT FINITE TEMPERATURE AND DENSITY

The chiral-symmetry-restoring phase transition in a model with dynamical spontaneous-symmetry-breaking is discussed qualitatively,making use of an approximation method.The selfconsistency equation of the model is established.The condensation and mass of fermions as well as the temperature or density dependence of energy density and specific heat are obtained.It turns out that,in this approximation,the chiral-phase-transition is second order at zero chemical potential and finite temperature; and the transition is first order for both cases at finite temperature and density and at zero temperature and finite density,this moment.the transition temperature or density from broken phase to normal phase differs from that from normal phase to broken phase.     

Mikrowellendiagnostik von Instabilitäten des Säulenplasmas Elektronendichte, -temperatur und Helligkeitsverlauf in selbsterregten laufenden Schichten einer Wasserstoffentladung

Microwave methods are used to obtain the periodic variations in time and space of some plasma parameters. The electron density is obtained using a time-display of the reflection coefficient due to a plasma-perturbed cavity, and the electron temperature from the noise signal of a Dicke radiometer gated periodically. Assuming simple one-dimensional sinusoidal variations of temperature and density, the fundamental convolution integrals relating the appropriate cavity parameters to the plasma properties are solved and formulas are obtained to calculate the real fluctuating quantities. Also in that case where the lenghth of the cavity field region equals the dimension of the variations the correct phase relation between electron temperature and density is obtained. The method is used for diagnostics of self exited moving striations in hydrogen. The striations (frequency 24 kHz, striation lenghts ～1 cm) move from cathode to anode and the sequence of the different maxima for an observer in rest is electron density, temperature and light-emission. The phase shift between density and temperature is about 90 degrees, the appropriate density variation is 10:1 and the temperature variation >2:1.     

溴化亚铜激光气体温度的径向分布与时间变化

应用脉冲期间等离子体电子温度和电子密度实验值,通过一自洽模型,得到了CuBr激光气体温度、原子密度的径向分布与时间变化。中心气体温度1400—1800K。中心温度随时间的波动达300-500K。气体原子密度的径向分布呈一凹形。 关键词：     

Temperature effect on qubit in RbCl quantum rod

We change the ellipsoidal boundary in a quantum rod (QR) into a spherical one by a coordinate transformation, and then study the influences of the ellipsoid aspect ratio and polaron radius on the probability density (PD) and oscillation period (OP) of an electron with the variational method of Pekar type (VMPT). By employing the quantum statistics theory (QST), we investigate the temperature effects on the PD and the OP. Numerical results denote that the electron probability density and the oscillation period increase (decay) with raising temperature in lower (higher) temperature regime. The electron probability density increases (decreases) with increasing ellipsoid aspect ratio when the temperature is in lower (higher) regime. The electron probability density decays (enhances) with increasing polaron radius when the temperature is in lower (higher) temperature regime. The oscillation period is an increasing function of the ellipsoid aspect ratio, whereas it is a decreasing one of the polaron radius.     

Temperature dependence of thermodynamic properties of a polarizable potential model of water

The temperature dependence of several thermodynamic properties of water is determined at atmospheric pressure by a set of computer simulations with a polarizable potential model. It is found that the maximum of the density occurs at the correct temperature, but the decrease in density with increasing temperature is more rapid than expected for real water. Consequently, the temperature dependence of other quantities, especially that of the thermal expansion coefficient, is reproduced with some inaccuracies. The model, however, turns out to be a definitive improvement over similar non-polarizable ones, for which the density maximum is either missing or found to be shifted considerably with temperature.     

空心阴极放电条纹特性的光谱诊断

利用发射光谱法,研究了圆柱型空心阴极放电条纹的特性.测量了条纹区的发射光谱,在此基础E计算得到r电子激发温度、相对电子密度和电子平均能量的空间分布特性.结果表明条纹区的光强、电子激发温度和电子密度均呈非等幅的周期性变化.与暗纹中心处相比,明纹中心具有较高的电子激发温度和较低的电子密度.由阴极向阳极,明纹中心处的电子激发温度幅值逐渐减小.此外,条纹区的电子激发温度随着电流的增加而增加.     

Excitation energy as a basic variable to control nuclear disassembly

Thermodynamical features of Xe system is investigated as functions of temperature and freeze-out density in the frame of lattice gas model. The calculation shows different temperature dependence of physical observables at different freeze-out density. In this case, the critical temperature when the phase transition takes place depends on the freeze-out density. However, a unique critical excitation energy %and the same excitation reveals regardless of freeze-out density when the excitation energy is used as a variable instead of temperature. Moreover, the different behavior of other physical observables with temperature due to different ρ_f vanishes when excitation energy replaces temperature. It indicates that the excitation energy can be seen as a more basic quantity to control nuclear disassembly. Received: 25 November 1998 /Revised version: 20 January 1999     

热核物质中单核子势的重排项贡献和三体核力效应

在包含三体核力的有限温度Brueckner-Hartree-Fock理论方法基础上, 利用质量算子的空穴线展开, 研究了热核物质中基态关联所导致的对单核子势的重排修正项的密度和温度依赖性, 并讨论了三体核力对重排项的影响. 结果表明：单核子势的重排项贡献具有较强的密度和温度相关性, 重排项贡献随密度增加而增强并随温度升高而减弱. 在计算中引入三体核力会在一定程度上抑制基态空穴关联 效应, 从而导致单核子势的重排项贡献减小, 而且三体核力对重排项贡献的影响随密度增大而增强.     

信息保存方法在微尺度变温流场中的应用研究

在信息保存法(IP)方法的基础上，提出了一个简单易行的温度模型，该模型可以有效模拟计算有温度变化的流动.此外研究发现，在用IP方法模拟计算的流场局部密度变化很大时，如果采用质量守恒方程的二阶中心差分格式更新信息密度时会使计算发散，因此建议采用一阶迎风格式更新信息密度. 关键词： IP方法 低速流动 微尺度 变温流动