Auq+(q=47,55)离子的电子碰撞强度与速率系数

用准相对论扭曲波方法计算了Au^q+（q=47,55）离子的组态重心能级之间的电子碰撞激发强度和速率系数（简称激发参数）．着重分析了高能区光学允许跃迁的碰撞强度的行为，探讨了平面波近似的适用范围．与其他完全相对论数据比较，表明剩余的相对论效应是不大的．阐述了由约化量的5点样条值内插可得任意能量的碰撞强度和任意温度的速率系数．演示了碰撞强度随能量的变化，有效碰撞强度和速率系数随温度的变化．结果表明在类镍金两侧各延伸的4种不同荷电离子，其单电子激发参数变化小于10%，这对于使用平均原子模型     

Line strengths,collision strengths and excitation rates for multiply-charged silicon ions

Line strengths, collision strengths and excitation rates have been calculated for a variety of transitions in multicharged silicon ions from Si(Vi) to Si(XIV). The collision strengths were evaluated in an LS coupling scheme in the distorted wave approximation neglecting exchange except for the helium-like transitions. Excitation rates were then obtained by integrating the collision strength over a Maxwellian velocity distribution function. These results are then described by a simple two-parameter fit for the rates.     

推广Bethe公式：Au50+离子的偶极激发的碰撞强度和速率系数

快速算法结合推广的Bethe公式,可以为应用研究提供便于使用的偶极激发碰撞强度和速率系数.用准相对论平面波Born(QRPB)近似计算高能区Au⁵⁰⁺离子n₀l₀→nl偶极激发的碰撞强度,给出Bethe公式中动量转移截断参数k₀,从而确定激发过程的高能行为.快速计算方法中采用了Cowan所发展的准相对论方法,用统一的Hartree-Fock-Slater势计算束缚和连续态电子波函数.用准相对论扭曲波(QRDW)近似计算阈值附近的碰撞强度并外推阈值处的碰撞强度Ω₀,然后拟合到高能碰撞强度上.对于特殊情况还需增加三倍阈值点a的计算,用三个参数Ω₀,Ω_a和k₀拟合出全能域(出射电子能量ε_b=0—∞)的碰撞强度.由此可以得到全部温度范围(电子温度T_e=0—∞)的速率系数<σv>.这样得到的Ω和<σv>,在相应的感兴趣的能量和温度范围内有合理的精度. 关键词：     

Electron impact excitation of highly charged sodium-like ions

Oscillator strengths, transition probabilities and collision strengths for transitions between n = 3 and n = 4 levels in Ca(X), Fe(XVI), Zn(XX), Kr(XXVI) and Mo(XXXII) have been calculated in a non-relativistic approximation. Wave functions of excited states have been obtained using a semi-empirical procedure. Collision strengths for electron-impact excitation have been calculated in a distorted wave approximation without exchange.Relative intensities of certain emission lines in the sodium isoelectronic sequence are density dependent. An example of this dependence is discussed in the text.     

Complete density matrix measured for Na(32 P) excited by electron impact

Anisotropies observed in collisional deexcitation of laser excited Na atoms are analysed in terms of the density matrix describing the Na(3P) atom after the process Na(3² S)+e ^?(E)→Na(3² P)+e ^?(E?δE). Collision energiesE range from 5.1 to 22.1 eV, and scattering angles fromθ _col=0 to 25°. The results are presented with reference to a coordinate frame in which the angular momentum transferred during collision is parallel to the quantization axis. This choice allows a convenient exploitation of reflection symmetry and offers most direct relation of measurable quantities to the sublevel excitation amplitudes as e.g. computed by close coupling and distorted wave methods. Comparison between experiment and theory provides a sensitive probe of the strengths and shortcomings of the theory when predicting these alignment and orientation parameters. Since we discuss a complete set of data containing all accessible information on the atomic orbital the present measurements allow the detection of a deviation from coherence in the excitation for small scattering anglesθ _col≈5–10° atE=5.1 eV which we attribute to electron exchange.     

A study of the 18O(6Li,d)22Ne reaction at 32 MeV

Results from a study of the ¹⁸O(⁶Li, d)²²Ne reaction at a ⁶Li energy of 32 MeV are reported. The L-dependence of the shapes of the measured angular distributions provide a check on recent J^π assignments for some of the high-lying levels in ²²Ne. A finite range distorted wave analysis assuming a direct cluster transfer has been used to extract from the data α-particle spectroscopic strengths for most of the natural parity levels populated below 8 MeV of excitation. These strengths are compared with theoretical predictions for those few states for which a definite correspondence can be made between the calculated and experimental levels of ²²Ne. For transitions to the members of the ground-state band, the observed strengths disagree with the predictions. This disagreement has also been observed in the ¹⁶O(⁶Li, d) reaction and its cause is not understood. It is in marked contrast with the good agreement found for (⁶Li, d) reactions on targets of mass 20 ≦ A ≦ 24.     

Radiative rates and electron impact excitation rate coefficients for H-like Fe XXVI

In this paper we report on calculations on energy levels, radiative rates, collision strengths, and effective collision strengths for transitions among the lowest 36 levels of the n≤6 configurations of H-like Fe XXVI. Flexible atomic code (FAC) is adopted for the calculation. Energy levels and radiative rates are calculated within relativistic configuration-interaction method. Direct excitation collision strength is calculated using relativistic distorted-wave approximation. Resonance contributions through the relevant He-like doubly excited n^′l^′n^″l^″ configurations with n^′≤7 and n^″≤75 are explicitly taken into account using the isolated process and isolated resonances approximation. We present the radiative rates, oscillator strengths, and line strengths for all electric dipole (E1), magnetic dipole (M1), electric quadrupole (E2), and magnetic quadrupole (M2) transitions among the 36 levels. Furthermore, collision strengths and effective collision strengths are reported for all the 630 transitions among the above 36 levels over a wide energy (temperature) range up to 25 keV . Extensive comparisons are made with earlier available results and the accuracy of the data is assessed.     

Electron collisional excitation of argon-like Ni XI using the Breit-Pauli R-matrix method

Electron excitation collision strengths for the transitions from the ground state to the fine-structure levels of the 3s²3p⁵3d and 3s²3p⁶3d configurations in Ni XI are calculated using the Breit-Pauli R-matrix method. Configuration interaction wavefunctions have been used to represent the target states. The relativistic effects are incorporated in the Breit-Pauli approximation by including one-body mass correction, Darwin, and spin-orbit interaction terms in the scattering equations. Collision strengths are tabulated at selected energies in the range 10 to 75 Rydberg. Effective collision strengths are determined by integrating collision strengths by assuming a Maxwellian distribution of electron energies. The effective collision strengths are listed over a wide temperature range (2×10⁴-1×10⁷ K) applicable to astrophysical plasmas. Our results are the only collision strengths and effective collision strengths available for this ion. We believe that the data calculated in this work will be useful in solar, astrophysical and laser applications.     

Collision-strength dependence of solar emission lines of Si(X) and S(XII)

We have calculated the normalized populations of 15 levels in Si(X) and S(XII) ions in an optically thin medium, under steady-state condition, by using (i) constant collision strengths computed at the incident electron energy kT_e and (ii) incident electron-energy-dependent collision strengths. To calculate intensity ratios for solar emission lines, one may use constant collision strengths at the electron energy E'.     

Fine-structure splitting calculation in the Ar III ion: comparison of perturbative (Breit-Pauli) and non-perturbative (MCDF-EAL) predictions

We have calculated fine structure splitting in the Ar III ion using the R-matrix method. Two independent atomic structure calculations have been performed. Results from the Breit-Pauli ?C and the Dirac-Atomic ?C R-matrix relativistic calculations are analysed comparatively. Cross sections and collision strengths are provided for selected weak and intercombination transitions, allowing explicitly for resonance effects. Convergence of the partial wave expansion is ensured by examining the partial collision strengths at collision energies up to 20 Ry. Radiative data are also reported here. We discuss all these results and compare them, when possible. For the allowed transitions, for which the resonance structure is not dominant, the two calculations are nearly identical.     

(6Li,d) reactions on 24Mg and 26Mg at 73 MeV

The ^{24, 26}Mg(⁶Li, d)^{28, 30}Si reactions have been studied at 73 MeV bombarding energy. The angular distributions were analyzed with exact finite-range distorted wave Born approximation calculations assuming a direct α-cluster transfer. Extracted spectroscopic strengths leading to low-lying levels of ²⁸Si and relative spectroscopic strengths between transitions to ²⁸Si and ³⁰Si ground states are consistent with those previously obtained by several α-transfer reactions. Many strongly populated levels have been observed at E_x ? 10 MeV for ²⁸Si. A marked similarity was found between the deuteron spectrum and the ²⁴Mg(α, α)²⁴Mg excitation function in this excitation energy region. A brief comparison of the present α-transfer results with previous two-nucleon transfer data leading to ^28,30Si is also presented.     

Energy Levels, Transition Probabilities, Collision Strength, and Reduced Population Calculations for High Gain Predictions in Neon-Like Krypton

We calculate the atomic structure, energy levels, oscillator strengths, transition probabilities, and collision strengths for Kr XXVII. The data refer to the 157 fine-structure levels belonging to the configurations (1s²) 2s² 2p⁶, 2s²2p⁵3l, 2s¹2p⁶3l, 2s²2p⁵4l, 2s¹2p⁶4l, 2s²2p⁵5l, and 2s¹2p⁶5l, where l?=?s, p, d, f, and the calculations are performed using the fully relativistic atomic structure program FAC. We use the obtained data to calculate the level populations and gain coefficients employing the MATLAB R2012a computer program for solving simultaneously the coupled rate equations. Finally, we determine the 157 fine-structure population levels and gain coefficients for those transitions with a positive inversion factor and plot the electron density in wide range from 10¹⁹ to 10²³.     

Electron impact excitation rate coefficients of N II ion

This paper calculates the electron impact excitation rate coefficients from the ground term 2s²2p^{2 3}P to the excited terms of the 2s²2p², 2s2p³, 2s²2p3s, 2s²2p3p, and 2s²2p3d configurations of N II. In the calculations, multiconfiguration Dirac--Fork wave functions have been applied to describe the target-ion states and relativistic distorted-wave calculation has been performed to generate fine-structure collision strengths. The collision strengths are then averaged over a Maxwellian distribution of electron velocities in order to generate the effective collision strengths. The calculated rate coefficients are compared with available experimental and theoretical data, and some good agreements are found for the outer shell electron excitations. But for the inner shell electron excitations there are still some differences between the present calculations and available experiments.     

A local versus non-local t-matrix in the N(p, 2p)C reaction at 46 MeV

The angular distributions for the ¹⁴N(p, 2p)¹³C reactions at 46 MeV incident proton energy are calculated in the distorted wave t-matrix approximation (DWTA) where approximate optical-model waves are used. A comparison is made between the calculation using a local t-matrix to that of a non-local t-matrix. The (p, 2p) angular distribution is smaller in magnitude where a non-local t-matrix is employed compared to the calculation using a local t-matrix which implies that there is an overall enhancement of absorption associated with the non-local t-matrix. This also implies that differences between the local and non-local off-energy-shell effects can be significant. Parameter studies were undertaken for the distorted waves and bound state wave function and the effects on the angular distributions were similar in the local and non-local cases. The distortion effect due to the final-state focus phase dramatically changes the shape of the angular distribution. The calculations are considered to be a test of the off-energy-shell effects due to non-local interaction. This calculation is also a test of the approximate distorted waves at 46 MeV and the comparison to the ¹⁴N(p, 2p)¹³C data indicates that the distortion is reasonably well described.     

Differences in the structure of isoscalar and isovector “stretched” excitations in 24Mg and 28Si

A comparison of theoretical distorted wave impulse approximation results with the experimental data for the excitation of “stretched” 6^?T = 0 and 6^?T = 1 levels in ²⁴Mg and ²⁸Si by 135 MeV protons suggests significant differences in the structure of the isoscalar and isovector levels. This is consistent with the results of a recent study of the (π, π′) reaction on ²⁸Si.     

Strengths and air-broadened widths of H2O lines in the 2950–3400 cm-1 region

Measurements of the strengths and air-broadened widths of 223 lines of water vapor have been made with high resolution in the region 2950–3400 cm^-1. The strength data of the lines in the 2ν₂ and ν₁ bands are analyzed to determine the band strengths and the coefficients of the F factors. The band strengths of the 2ν₂ and ν₁ bands were found to be 1.75±0.08 and 10.3±1.1 cm^-2 atm^-1 at 296 K, respectively. The selection rules of the lines observed in the ν₃ band are forbidden in the symmetric-rotor limit. The majority of the measured strengths of these lines differ from the calculated values because of different asymmetries in the upper and lower vibrational states. Also, Coriolis perturbations in several lines of the ν₁ and ν₃ bands were observed in the strength measurements. The direct method was applied to determine the air-broadened line widths. The results are compared to the computed values of Benedict and Kaplan. There is good agreement between this work and the computed results for line width values greater than 0.05 cm^-1 atm^-1. However, for line widths less than 0.05 cm^-1 atm^-1, the measured values are smaller than the computed widths. A value of 0.018 cm^-1 atm^-1 is given for the width of the line at 3378.071 cm^-1, whereas the calculated value is 0.032 cm^-1 atm.     

9Be(3He,n)11C and 11B(3He,n)13N Reactions at Energies below Coulomb Barrier

Angular distributions have been measured for ⁹Be(³He, n)¹¹C and ¹¹B(³He, n)¹³N reactions for the neutron group leading to the ground state at E_3He = 0.90, 1.00, 1.20, 1.40 MeV and 1.70, 1.90 MeV respectively. To fit the experimental data, the theory of two nucleon stripping reactions below the Coulomb barrier has been considered. Taking Coulomb distorted wave functions for the interacting particles in the initial channel, a closed analytical form for the differential cross-section has been obtained. The other two cases using the plane wave Born approximation and the distorted wave Born approximation are also applied to the experimental data. The agreement between the Coulomb distorted wave calculations and the experimental data is better than with the PWBA and DWBA. The spectroscopic factors are extracted by fitting the experimental data with the theoretical calculations.     

Correlation between perturbation and collisional transfers in theA,B, C andb states of CO as revealed by high resolution lifetime measurements

Lifetimes and intensities of theA-X, B-A, C-A andb-a systems in CO have been measured at high spectral resolution using the High Frequency Deflection technique. Of special interest are the pressure effects observed in theA-X andb-a transitions, both as a function of the partial pressure of CO and as a function of added catalyst gas such as argon, helium and CO₂. The nature of these pressure effects are examined with the conclusion that resonance induced collision exchange takes place between theA orb states and other states that strongly perturb them. In particular, the collision exchange cross section estimated for theA state is unusually large, being the order of 10^?7 to 10^?8 cm³/s, mol. In contrast, theB andC (Rydberg) states, which are not known to be highly perturbed, showed no evidence of collision induced exchange. In addition, calculations on Franck-Condon factors and ¯r centroids have been carried out for each of the bands studied. Transition moments and oscillator strengths are also extracted from these calculations and from the new data presented in this paper, and considerable discrepancies to earlier values in the literature are found in some cases.     

Excitation of high-spin unnatural parity states in 208Pb from the (p,p′) reaction at 135 MeV

Differential cross sections for the excitation of states at 6.42, 6.73 and 7.04 MeV in ²⁰⁸Pb by 135 MeV protons are reported. Both the excitation energies and the backward peaked angular distributions observed in this experiment and in a recent (e, e′) experiment strongly suggest that these states are predominantly one-particle-one-hole excitations with J^π = 12^?, 14^? and 12^?, respectively. The present (p, p′) data are interpreted using a distorted wave impluse approximation and the effect of configuration mixing between the two 12^? states is investigated.