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LnHal2Hn — New Phases in the Ternary System Ln/Hal/H. I. Structures Rare earth hydride halides of the compositions LaBr2(H,D)0.90, CeBr2H0.87, Cel2H0.90, Cel2D0.96, and GdI2H0.97 have been synthesised by heating either the dihalides, LnHal2, or mixtures of LnHal3 and LnHx at 700°C ?800°C in hydrogen atmosphere. The heavy atom partial structures, as determined by X-ray scattering, correspond to the various sequences found in MoS2 and NbS2. From neutron scattering experiments the hydrogen atoms were located in the positions centering the anionic prisms and the cationic triangles. 相似文献
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LnHal2Hn— New Phases in the Ternary System Ln/Hal/H. II.: Preparation The hydride dihalides, LnHal2(H,D)n, have been prepared from LnHal2 or from mixtures of LnHal3 and LnHn in welded tantalum ampoules under defined hydrogen pressures. Under 1 atm hydrogen CeBr2H0.87 (at 770°C), CeI2H0.90, CeI2D0.96 and GdI2H0.97 (at 800°C respectively) are formed as dark blue transparent platelets with a weak metallic luster. The compounds could be hydrogenated at 550°C to the colourless compounds LnHal2H1.00. From the equilibrium pressure isotherm (at 800°C) the lowest possible H-content of CeI2Hn is determined to be n = 0.33 at a H2-pressure of 0.25 mbar. The continuous variation of the H-content is characterized by a, likewise, continuous alteration of the lattice constants from a = 4.209(1) Å to 4.1697(8) Å and c = 15.218(6) Å to 15.440(2) Å for n = 0.33 to 1.00. Neither CeCl2 nor CeCl2Hn could be prepared. According to our investigations, the phase described as LaBr2 can not be prepared as a binary compound. Attempts to prepare it from LaBr2H0.90 were unsuccessful. In contrast, GdI2 can be prepared hydrogen free and has the heavy-atom structure of GdI2Hn. 相似文献
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Giorgina Corongiu 《International journal of quantum chemistry》2016,116(16):1214-1223
We present accurate calculations of the non‐autoionizing and doubly excited states of the H2 molecule using full configuration interaction with Hartree–Fock molecular orbitals and Heitler–London atomic orbitals. We consider the united atom configurations from He(2p2p) up to He(2p8g) and dissociation products from H2(2p + 2p) up to H2(2p + 6?). Born–Oppenheimer calculations are carried out with extended and optimized Slater‐type orbitals for a total of 40 states, 10 for each symmetry, covering the internuclear distances from the united atom to dissociation, which, for some states, is reached beyond 100 a0. Occurrences of repulsive states cleanly interlaced between bound states with many vibrational levels are reported. Some of the potential minima are deep enough to accommodate many vibrational levels (up to 50). Noteworthy large equilibrium minima, like Req = 46.0 a0 in the state dissociating as (2p + 6h) and with 18 vibrational levels. The occurrence of vertical excitations from the singly excited manifolds is analyzed. Several states present double minima generated by avoided crossings, some with a strong ionic character. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 相似文献
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采用密度泛函理论结合平板周期性模型研究了H2在δ-Pu(100)表面的吸附行为.结果表明,H2在该表面最稳定的吸附方式为洞位垂直吸附,吸附能为0.183eV,距离表面最近的H原子与表面垂直距离为0.378nm.吸附的H2分子的键长增加、H—H键伸缩振动频率的红移都不明显.只有极少量电子从第1层的Pu原子流向H2分子,吸附引起的表面功函增加也不明显.这说明δ-Pu(100)面分子态H2的吸附属于较弱的物理吸附.讨论了离解吸附的热力学可能性,H2分子的吸附趋向于离解成2个原子态H的吸附,离解后的H原子优先吸附于洞位,此时吸附为较强的化学吸附. 相似文献
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在氨水介质中及加热条件下,痕量铜(Ⅱ)对H2O2氧化天青Ⅱ的褪色反应具有强烈的催化作用.探讨了最佳实验条件,据此建立了催化动力学光度法测定痕量铜(Ⅱ)的新方法.在选定的实验条件下,非催化反应与催化反应的吸光度差值△A与铜(Ⅱ)离子的质量浓度在16~56 μg/L范围内有良好的线性关系,检出限为9.36×10-11 g/mL.并且测定了催化反应的动力学参数,反应为准一级反应.在75℃下的表观速率常数为K'=4.04×10-3 8-1,表观活化能为74.54 kJ/mol.方法用于人发中痕量铜(Ⅱ)的测定,回收率在99.7%~100.0%之间. 相似文献
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基于luminolH2O2Co2+化学发光体系,设计了一种新的微流动注射芯片,准确测定了雨水中的H2O2含量。芯片由两块50mm×40mm×5mm的透明有机玻璃(PMMA)在实验室加工而成。由CO2激光雕刻机刻蚀出的微通道宽200μm,深150μm。方法的线性范围为0.05~2μmol/L;检出限为0.02μmol/L(S/N=3)。对0.6μmol/L的H2O2溶液平行测定9次,得方法的相对标准偏差(RSD)为4.6%。该方法已成功用于雨水中微量H2O2的测定。 相似文献
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纳米钯修饰电极在碱性条件下对过氧化氢的测定 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用单电位阶跃计时电流法制备了Pd纳米粒子修饰复合陶瓷碳电极(Pd/CCE)。研究了该修饰电极对H2O2的电催化氧化性能。结果表明,Pd/CCE修饰电极在碱性介质中对H2O2的氧化具有强电催化活性。在0.1 mol.L-1NaOH溶液中采用动态安培法检测H2O2,线性范围为2.0×10-6~2.6×10-3mol.L-1,r=0.999 3,检出限(3sb)为5.0×10-7mol.L-1,灵敏度为143.8μA.(mmol.L-1)-1。该法用于过氧化氢消毒液中H2O2的测定,结果满意。 相似文献
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Fe修饰多壁碳纳米管电极高效产H2O2 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为提高电芬顿(Electro-Fenton)体系H2O2的产率, 制备了多壁碳纳米管(MWNT)电极, 并与石墨/气体扩散(GDC)电极进行了比较. 结果表明, MWNT电极H2O2产率高于GDC电极. 采用电沉积方法, 制备了Fe修饰MWNT(Fe-MWNT)电极, 发现Fe对MWNT电极的修饰不仅可以提高体系的H2O2产率, 而且电流效率可以提高8%左右, 与GDC电极的电流效率接近. Fe-MWNT电极有望成为一种新型的阴极材料应用于Electro-Fenton体系中. 相似文献
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辉光放电等离子体处理阳离子染料结晶紫废水 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
用辉光放电等离子体技术对结晶紫进行了降解脱色处理,考察了多种因素对结晶紫降解效果的影响。实验发现,提高电解质浓度和增加电压均可提高结晶紫的脱色效果,考虑到电极损耗,辉光放电最佳条件为:电解质浓度为2 g/L Na2SO4,电压为600 V。当改变溶液的初始pH值时,结晶紫的脱色率随溶液的初始pH值升高而增加,加入一定量H2O2能明显地提高结晶紫的脱色效率;若加入0.4 mmol/L Fe2 ,5 min时结晶紫的脱色率由原来的13.64%增加到91.36%。结果表明,辉光放电产生的.OH对结晶紫的降解起重要作用。最佳条件下,40 min内的脱色率达到93%,降解率为74%。 相似文献
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基于辣根过氧化物酶催化H2O2氧化过量KI生成I3-,I3-与溴代十四烷基吡啶形成的缔合微粒在478 nm产生共振光散射峰,建立了一种测定痕量H2O2的共振散射光谱法.在选定条件下,478 nm处的共振光散射强度△I478nm与H2O2浓度在2.67×10-8~1.73×10-5 mol/L内呈良好的线性关系,其回归方程为△I478nm=2.54×107c-3.81,检出限为2.67×10-8 mol/L.该方法已用水样的测定,回收率在97.2%~105.2%之间. 相似文献
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探讨了用血红蛋白作为辣根过氧化物酶的替代物,用于催化H2O2氧化邻氨基酚的反应体系.其催化反应生成一种具有电化学活性的产物,该产物在玻碳电极上于-0.370 V(vs.Ag/AgCl)产生一个峰形良好的还原峰.还原峰电流随着血红蛋白浓度的增大而增大.同时用微分脉冲伏安法对血红蛋白的催化反应条件进行了优化,选择了催化反应产物的伏安测定的最佳条件.在该条件下,该体系可用于血红蛋白的测定,线性范围为4.0×10-8~8.0×10-7mol/L,检出限为3.4 × 10-8 mol/L.用循环伏安法研究了该产物在不同pH B-R缓冲溶液中于玻碳电极上的电化学性质. 相似文献
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近红外光谱用于过氧化氢含量的定量分析研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
用长波近红外光谱仪(傅里叶变换,InGaAs检测器)和短波近红外光谱仪(光栅分光,CCD检测器)对比研究了25%~30%过氧化氢水溶液中过氧化氢含量的定量分析方法。结果表明,应用短波近红外光谱结合长光程样品池对25%-30%过氧化氢水溶液样品中过氧化氢含量进行定量分析,可以显著减少过氧化氢分解对定量分析的干扰,使定量分析的准确度和重复性显著提高。短波近红外光谱定量分析模型RMSECV和RMSEP分别为0.06和0.05;长波近红外光谱定量分析模型RMSECV和RMSEP分别为0.10和0.09。 相似文献