Li, K‖Br, VO3 ternary mutual system

Phase equilibria in the Li, K‖Br, VO₃ ternary mutual system were studied by differential thermal analysis. The composition square of the ternary mutual system is divided into two phase triangles, LiVO₃-KBr-KVO₃ and LiBr-LiVO₃-KBr. The ternary eutectics E ₁ at 331°C and E ₂ at 330°C have the compositions 40.0 mol % LiVO₃, 6.0 mol % KBr, 54.0 mol % KVO₃ and 58.0 mol % LiBr, 3.2 mol % LiVO₃, 38.8 mol % KBr, respectively. The fields of phases crystallizing in the system were delimited.     

K,Cs∥F,I and Rb,Cs∥F,I three-component reciprocal systems

The K,Cs∥F,I and Rb,Cs∥F,I three-component reciprocal systems are studied by thermal analysis and X-ray powder diffraction. In the K,Cs∥F,I system, two ternary eutectics are formed; in the Rb,Cs∥F,I system, there are two fields of continuous solid solutions, one formed by rubidium and cesium fluorides and the other by rubidium and cesium iodides.     

Differentiation of the Li,Na,K‖NO2,NO3 quaternary reciprocal system and phase formation in its stable partitioning tetrahedron LiNO2-NaNO2-KNO2-KNO3

The Li,Na,K‖NO₂,NO₃ quaternary reciprocal system was differentiated by partitioning the n-dimensional composition diagrams of systems with complexation using incidence matrices and graphs. The constructed tree of phases was confirmed by X-ray powder diffraction analysis. The quaternary system LiNO₂-NaNO₂-KNO₂-KNO₃, which is a stable partitioning tetrahedron of the quaternary reciprocal system Li,Na,K‖NO₂,NO₃, was studied for the first time by differential thermal and visual polythermal analyses and the projection-thermographic method. The phase state diagram of the studied system was constructed using experimental data.     

Chemical interaction in the quaternary mutual systems Li,K‖F,Cl,MoO4 and Li,K‖F(Cl),VO3,MoO4

The Li,K‖Cl,VO₃,MoO₄ system was partitioned into simplexes using graph theory, and the tree of phases for this system was constructed. The equations of the main reactions describing the chemical interaction in the quaternary mutual systems Li,K‖F,Cl,VO₃(MoO₄) and Li,K‖F(Cl),VO₃,MoO₄ were derived using the conversion patterns of partitioning elements. Based on the reaction equations and the data on the boundary elements, the prediction of phases crystallizing in the studied systems was made and confirmed by X-ray powder diffraction analysis.     

Oxidative degradation and pyrolysis of polyvinyl chloride in binary mixtures of the system K,Na, Ca ‖ NO3, NO2, OH

Oxidative degradation and pyrolysis of polyvinyl chloride in the temperature range 200–500°C in binary mixtures containing sodium, potassium, and calcium nitrates and nitrites and calcium hydroxide were studied. A scheme of oxidative degradation of polyvinyl chloride and of binding of chlorine and carbon present in the polymer in the reactions of the degradation products with the mixture components was suggested.     

Quaternary reciprocal system Li,K‖F,Br,NO<Subscript>3</Subscript>

The quaternary reciprocal system Li,K‖F,Br,NO₃ was described and studied for the first time. The system was partitioned into simplexes by writing an adjacency matrix and solving a logical expression. The partition was confirmed by the results of differential scanning calorimetry of two partitioning triangles (LiF-KBr-KNO₃ and LiF-KBr-LiNO₃) and three stable triangles (LiBr-LiF-KBr-LiNO₃, LiNO₃-LiF-KNO₃-KBr, and KF-LiF-KNO₃-KBr). The compositions (mol %) and melting points of quaternary eutectics of the system Li,K‖F,Br,NO₃ were determined: E ₁ ^□ (4.0% LiF, 48.0% LiNO₃, 17.28% KBr, 30.7% LiBr, T _melt = 186°C), E ₂ ^□ (7.35% LiF, 47.53% KNO₃, 2.0% KBr, 43.12% LiNO₃, T _melt = 102°C), and E ₃ ^□ (2.0% LiF, 84.28% KNO₃, 0.98% KBr, 12.74% KF, T _melt = 280°C).     

铌酸盐ANbO3（A=Li,K）电子结构和光学性质

应用含有组态作用的ＩＮＤＯ／１量子化学方法，计算了ＬｉＮｂＯ３和ＫＮｂＯ３三聚体的基态电子结构及激发态的有关信息，再利用态求和以及性能叠加方法，计算了ＬｉＮｂＯ３和ＫＮｂＯ３晶体的线性和非线性光学系数。理论与实验结果进行比较后表明：计算得到的ＬｉＮｂＯ３晶体的动态光折射率较接近测量值；适用于相匹配的宏观晶体非线性光学系数ｄ３１，ｄ３２相当好地重现了实验测量值。同时，说明了ＫＮｂＯ３的ｄ３１，ｄ３２     

Binary and ternary alkali polyphosphates (MPO3, M = Li,Na, K) for thermal energy storage

Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry - Up-to-date, solar salt (a mixture of 60 mass% NaNO3 and 40 mass% KNO3) is practically the only media for thermal energy storage (TES) in concentrated...     

Metastable Equilibrium in Quaternary System Li2SO4 ＋ K2SO4＋Li2CO3 ＋ K2CO3 ＋ H2O at 288 K

IntroductionThe Zhabuye salt lake, Tibet in China, is famousfor the high concentrations of lithium, boron, andpotassium in the world. The main components areLi , K , Na , B4O72 -, CO32 -, Cl-, SO42 -, andH2O, including rare elements such as Rb and Cs .The…     

Li,K‖Cl,MoO4 ternary mutual system

Phase equilibria in the Li,K‖Cl,MoO₄ ternary mutual system were studied by differential thermal analysis (DTA). The characteristics of the following three ternary eutectics were determined: E ₁: 348°C, 41 mol % KCl, 7.75 mol % Li₂MoO₄, and 51.25 mol % LiCl; E ₂: 475°C, 44 mol % KCl, 17.25 mol % Li₂MoO₄, and 38.75 mol % LiCl; and E ₂: 477°C, 35 mol % KCl, 47 mol % Li₂MoO₄, and 18 mol % LiCl.     

Ternary Reciprocal System K,Pb∥Cl,WO<Subscript>4</Subscript>

The phase diagram of the ternary reciprocal system K, Pb∥Cl, WO₄ was studied for the first time by the calculation–experimental method and differential thermal and X-ray powder diffraction analyses. Chemical interactions between components were described, metathesis and complexation reactions were revealed, and the coordinates of binary and ternary eutectics were found (mol %): e₄(410°C, 48% KCl, 52% PbCl₂), e₅(424°C, 23% KCl, 77% PbCl₂), P(490°C, 63.5% KCl, 36.5% PbCl₂), e₆(487°C, 91% PbCl₂, 9% PbWO₄), e₇(428°C, 30.5% KCl, 60.5% PbCl₂, 9% PbWO₄) (eutectic in the stable section D₂–PbWO₄), e₈(650°C, 80% KCl, 20% PbWO₄), e₉(650°C, 70% KCl, 15% K₂WO₄, 15% PbWO₄) (binary eutectic in the stable section D₁–KCl), E₁(620°C, 59% KCl, 34% K₂WO₄, 7% PbWO₄), E₂(640°C, 75% KCl, 5% K₂WO₄, 20% PbWO₄), E3(400°C, 46% KCl, 6% PbWO₄, 48% PbCl₂), E₄(410°C, 21% KCl, 9% PbWO₄, 70% PbCl₂), and P_о(468°C, 56% KCl, 10% PbWO₄, 34% PbCl₂).     

Phase complex of the Li,K,Ba‖F,Br quaternary reciprocal system

The partition of the Li,K,Ba??F,Br quaternary reciprocal system into simplexes was performed and confirmed by X-ray powder diffraction. Internal partitioning elements, LiF-2KBr · BaBr₂ and KBr-LiF · BaF₂, were identified; the tree of phases forms two cycles. Simplexes involving phase separation were determined. The stable partitioning triangles LiF-KBr-BaBr₂ and LiF-KBr-BaF₂ · BaBr₂ were experimentally studied by differential thermal and X-ray powder diffraction analyses. The T-x diagrams of explored sections and the liquidi of the systems were constructed. Phase separation regions within the systems under investigations were delimited. The characteristics of alloys corresponding to invariant compositions were determined.     

Structure,stability and reactivity of inverse sandwich complexes M-Be3-M and M-Zn3-M (M = Li,Na, K,Cu, Ag,Au)

Quantum chemical calculations have b-een carried out on the inverse sandwich type complexes formed between coinage and alkali metals with Be₃ and Zn₃ rings. Calculations reveal that the complexes are stable toward dissociation. Their Lewis acidic character has been evaluated using fluoride ion affinity (FIA) calculation, which reveals their strong acidic character. Topological analysis of electron density has also been performed to investigate the nature of the bond between the metal and the fluoride ion. Calculations reveal non covalent nature in case of alkali series and covalent nature in case of coinage metal series.     

NO3^—,NO2^—同时测定的研究进展

综述了近年来农业、环境科学和食品科学中NO_3~-、NO_2~-同时测定方法的研究进展。     

五元交互体系Li+,Na+,K+//CO2-3,Cl--H2O在298.15 K的相平衡研究

针对西藏扎布耶盐湖卤水组成, 采用等温溶解平衡法研究了五元交互体系Li+, Na+, K+// CO2-3, Cl--H2O 于298.15 K时的相平衡, 并绘制了相图(空间立体图和Li2CO3饱和的投影图). 结果表明, 该五元体系相图含有7个结晶区、 13条单变量线和4个无变量点. 7个结晶区由6个单盐结晶区和1个复盐结晶区组成, 分别为LiCl*H2O, NaCl, KCl, Li2CO3, K2CO3*3/2H2O, Na2CO3*10H2O和NaKCO3*6H2O, 没有形成固溶体和天然碱(Na2CO3*NaHCO3*2H2O). 4个无变量点标记成K1, K2, K3和K4, 所对应的平衡固相盐分别是: Li2CO3+NaKCO3*6H2O+Na2CO3*10H2O+KCl, Li2CO3+NaKCO3*6H2O+K2CO3*3/2H2O+KCl, Li2CO3+NaCl+KCl+LiCl*H2O和Li2CO3+NaCl+Na2CO3*10H2O+KCl.     

三硝基均苯三酚金属(Li,Na, K,Mg)化合物的快速热分解

利用温度快速跃升傅立叶变换红外(T-jump/FTIR)原位分析技术对三硝基均苯三酚(TNPG, 2,4,6-三硝基-1,3,5-苯三酚)的锂、钠、钾、镁金属盐的快速热分解反应过程进行了系统研究. 确定了三硝基均苯三酚系列化合物快速热分解过程产生的可挥发金属化合物的类型, 得到了快速热分解过程主要红外活性气体产物的种类、分布及浓度随时间的变化关系曲线, 提出了其快速热分解方程式. 利用计算机模拟方法, 采用REAL程序对三硝基均苯三酚系列化合物的燃烧性能(燃烧产物和燃烧温度等参数)进行了计算, 与T-jump/FTIR分析技术得到的实验结果进行比较分析和讨论.     

Li2SO4-MgSO4及LiNO3-Mg(NO3)2熔盐体系的研究

用目测变温法和差热分析法研究了Li₂SO₄-MgSO₄、LiNO₃-Mg(NO₃)₂熔盐体系。在前一体系中有固液异组成化合物Li₂SO₄·2MgSO₄生成,它在832°熔化分解。化合物与Li₂SO₄间形成低共熔点,温度为647℃,组成含MgSO₄23.6Wt%。Li₂SO₄多晶转变点575℃,在加入MgSO₄后形成类低共熔点,温度552℃,组成含MgSO₄4.2%。LiNO₃-Mg(NO₃)₂为一简单低共熔体系,共晶点含Mg(NO₃)₂47.3%,温度200℃。     

Four-component reciprocal system Na,K∥F,CO<Subscript>3</Subscript>, WO<Subscript>4</Subscript>

The four-component reciprocal system Na,K∥F, CO₃, WO₄ has been studied using differential thermal analysis in combination with projective and differential geometry. The a priori prediction of the crystallization path (CP) shows six quaternary invariant points; of them, three are eutectics and the others are peritectics. The dominant exchange and complexing reactions have been recognized. The following four-component systems have been studied: (NaF)₂-(KF)₂-K₂CO₃-K₃FWO₄ (1), (NaF)₂-K₂CO₃-K₂WO₄-K₃FWO₄ (2), (NaF)₂-Na₂CO₃-Na₂WO₄-K₂WO₄ (3),, and (NaF)₂-Na₂CO₃-K₂CO₃-K₂WO₄ (4); the coordinates of all quaternary invariant points have been determined.     

Zr-X(X=Li,Na,K,Sc,Hf)体系的二元相图理论研究

采用相图计算(CALPHAD:Calculation of phase diagrams)方法对Zr-X(X=Li,Na,K,Sc,Hf)5个二元体系进行了相图热力学研究.基于实验数据,通过热力学优化计算获得了一套描述液相及(αZr),(βZr),(Li),(Na),(K),(αSc),(βSc),(αHf)和(βHf)相的热力学参数.Zr-Li,Zr-Na和Zr-K体系中的气相视为理想气体.与实验相图数据对比发现,本文获得的热力学参数能够准确地描述实验相平衡数据.     

Phase equilibria in the Na, K∥SO4, CO3, F-H2O system at 0°C

Phase equilibria in the Na, K‖SO₄, CO₃, F-H₂O system at 0°C are studied by the translation method. Eighteen divariant fields, 16 monovariant curves, and five invariant points are distinguished in the system. The first closed phase diagram (phase complex) of the title system is designed on the basis of these results. Original Russian Text ? Sh.Kh. Avloev, L. Soliev, 2009, published in Zhurnal Neorganicheskoi Khimii, 2009, Vol. 54, No. 6, pp. 1046–1051.