Impulsive state feedback control of a predator–prey model

The dynamics of a predator–prey model with impulsive state feedback control, which is described by an autonomous system with impulses, is studied. The sufficient conditions of existence and stability of semi-trivial solution and positive period-1 solution are obtained by using the Poincaré map and analogue of the Poincaré criterion. The qualitative analysis shows that the positive period-1 solution bifurcates from the semi-trivial solution through a fold bifurcation. The bifurcation diagrams of periodic solutions are obtained by using the Poincaré map, and it is shown that a chaotic solution is generated via a cascade of period-doubling bifurcations.     

Ultimate boundedness and periodicity for some partial functional differential equations with infinite delay

In this work we study the existence of periodic solutions for some partial functional differential equation with infinite delay. We assume that the linear part is not necessarily densely defined and satisfies the known Hille-Yosida condition. Firstly, we give some estimates of the solutions. Secondly, we prove that the Poincaré map is condensing which allows us to prove the existence of periodic solutions when the solutions are ultimately bounded.     

Blow-up and symmetry of sign-changing solutions to some critical elliptic equations

In this paper we continue the analysis of the blow-up of low energy sign-changing solutions of semi-linear elliptic equations with critical Sobolev exponent, started in [M. Ben Ayed, K. El Mehdi, F. Pacella, Blow-up and nonexistence of sign-changing solutions to the Brezis-Nirenberg problem in dimension three, Ann. Inst. H. Poincaré Anal. Non Linéaire, in press]. In addition we prove axial symmetry results for the same kind of solutions in a ball.     

Conley index of Poincaré maps in isolating segments

We calculate the discrete-time Conley index of the Poincaré map of a time-periodic ordinary differential equation in an isolated invariant set generated by a periodic isolating segment. As an application, we present results on the existence of bounded solutions of some planar equations.     

Existence of periodic solutions for a system of delay differential equations

In this paper we mainly study the existence of periodic solutions for a system of delay differential equations representing a simple two-neuron network model of Hopfield type with time-delayed connections between the neurons. We first examine the local stability of the trivial solution, propose some sufficient conditions for the uniqueness of equilibria and then apply the Poincaré-Bendixson theorem for monotone cyclic feedback delayed systems to establish the existence of periodic solutions. In addition, a sufficient condition that ensures the trivial solution to be globally exponentially stable is also given. Numerical examples are provided to support the theoretical analysis.     

Dynamical behaviors of a prey-predator system with impulsive control

In this paper, we study dynamics of a prey-predator system under the impulsive control. Sufficient conditions of the existence and the stability of semi-trivial periodic solutions are obtained by using the analogue of the Poincaré criterion. It is shown that the positive periodic solution bifurcates from the semi-trivial periodic solution through a transcritical bifurcation. A strategy of impulsive state feedback control is suggested to ensure the persistence of two species. Furthermore, a steady positive period-2 solution bifurcates from the positive periodic solution by the flip bifurcation, and the chaotic solution is generated via a cascade of flip bifurcations. Numerical simulations are also illustrated which agree well with our theoretical analysis.     

The qualitative analysis of a class of planar Filippov systems

We use the theory of differential inclusions, Filippov transformations and some appropriate Poincaré maps to discuss the special case of two-dimensional discontinuous piecewise linear differential systems with two zones. This analysis applies to uniqueness and non-uniqueness for the initial value problem, stability of stationary points, sliding motion solutions, number of closed trajectories, existence of heteroclinic trajectories connecting two saddle points forming a heteroclinic cycle and existence of the homoclinic trajectory     

Asymptotic phase revisited

We discuss the classical problem on asymptotic phase of periodic orbits of planar systems. The existence of asymptotic phase for non-hyperbolic periodic orbits is completely determined with hypotheses on the derivatives of a Poincaré map and a return-time map. Smoothness of the vector field turns out to be crucial for existence of asymptotic phase. For hyperbolic periodic orbits, a new proof for the existence of invariant foliations is provided.     

Periodic solutions for doubly nonlinear evolution equations

We discuss the existence of periodic solution for the doubly nonlinear evolution equation A(u^′(t))+∂?(u(t))∋f(t) governed by a maximal monotone operator A and a subdifferential operator ∂? in a Hilbert space H. As the corresponding Cauchy problem cannot be expected to be uniquely solvable, the standard approach based on the Poincaré map may genuinely fail. In order to overcome this difficulty, we firstly address some approximate problems relying on a specific approximate periodicity condition. Then, periodic solutions for the original problem are obtained by establishing energy estimates and by performing a limiting procedure. As a by-product, a structural stability analysis is presented for the periodic problem and an application to nonlinear PDEs is provided.     

Über das Stekloffsche Eigenwertproblem: Isoperimetrische Ungleichungen für symmetrische Gebiete

Summary Isoperimetric inequalities ofPólya [6] for symmetric membranes are extended to the Stekloff problem. The given symmetric domainG _z is mapped conformally onto a circle; some (harmonic) eigenfunctions of the circle are transplanted ontoG _z ; application of Rayleigh's and Poincaré's principles to the transplanted functions gives upper bounds for a number of eigenvalues ofG _z which depends on the order of symmetry of the domain.     

Fixed points,Volterra equations,and Becker’s resolvent

Summary In a recent paper we derived a stability criterion for a Volterra equation which is based on the contraction mapping principle. It turns out that this criterion has significantly wider application. In particular, when we use Becker’s form of the resolvent it readily establishes critical resolvent properties which have been very illusive when investigated by other techniques. First, it enables us to show that the resolvent is L¹. Next, it allows us to show that the resolvent satisfies a uniform bound and that it tends to zero. These properties are then used to prove boundedness of solutions of a nonlinear problem, establish the existence of periodic solutions of a linear problem, and to investigate asymptotic stability properties. We also apply the results to a Liénard equation with distributed delay and possibly negative damping so that relaxation oscillations may occur.     

Almost periodicity in Fréchet spaces

In this paper we deal with almost periodic functions with values in a Fréchet space. We apply obtained results to prove the existence of solutions of the initial value problem as well as the Volterra integral equation in this class of functions. We also introduce and investigate asymptotically almost periodic functions with values in a Fréchet space.     

Dynamic analysis of an SIR epidemic model with state dependent pulse vaccination

An SIR epidemic model with state dependent pulse vaccination is proposed in this paper. Using the Poincaré map, the differential inequality and the method of qualitative analysis, we prove the existence and the stability of positive order-1 or order-2 periodic solution for this model. Moreover, we show that there is no periodic solution with order larger than or equal to three. Numerical simulations are carried out to illustrate the feasibility of our main results and the suitability of state dependent pulse vaccination is also discussed.     

A multiplicity result for periodic solutions of second order differential equations with a singularity

By the use of the Poincaré–Birkhoff fixed point theorem, we prove a multiplicity result for periodic solutions of a second order differential equation, where the nonlinearity exhibits a singularity of repulsive type at the origin and has linear growth at infinity. Our main theorem is related to previous results by Rebelo (1996, 1997)  and  and Rebelo and Zanolin (1996)  and , in connection with a problem raised by del Pino et al. (1992) [1].     

Maslov index, Poincaré-Birkhoff Theorem and Periodic Solutions of Asymptotically Linear Planar Hamiltonian Systems

We study the relationship between the twist condition in the Poincaré-Birkhoff fixed point theorem and the assumptions on the Maslov index for asymptotically linear planar Hamiltonian systems. For this aim, we develop a variant of the Poincaré-Birkhoff theorem which, together with its classical version, allows to obtain a lower bound for the number of nontrivial periodic solutions in terms of the gap between the Maslov indexes associated to the linearizations of the planar system at zero and at infinity.     

A Sum Operator with Applications to Self-Improving Properties of Poincaré Inequalities in Metric Spaces

We define a class of summation operators with applications to the self-improving nature of Poincaré–Sobolev estimates, in fairly general quasimetric spaces of homogeneous type. We show that these sum operators play the familiar role of integral operators of potential type (e.g., Riesz fractional integrals) in deriving Poincaré–Sobolev estimates in cases when representations of functions by such integral operators are not readily available. In particular, we derive norm estimates for sum operators and use these estimates to obtain improved Poincaré–Sobolev results.     

The Dirac Equation in Geometric Quantization

The coadjoint orbit of the restricted Poincaré group corresponding to a mass m and spin 1/2 is described. The orbit is quantized using the geometric quantization. To include the discrete symmetries, one has to induce the irreducible representation of the restricted Poincaré group obtained by the quantization procedure to the full Poincaré group. The new representation is reducible and the reduction to an irreducible representation corresponds to the Dirac equation. Communicated by Rafael D. Benguria submitted 02/01/02, accepted: 14/02/02     

Periodic solutions of the N-body problem

This paper proves the existence of six new classes of periodic solutions to the N-body problem by small parameter methods. Three different methods of introducing a small parameter are considered and an appropriate method of scaling the Hamiltonian is given for each method. The small parameter is either one of the masses, the distance between a pair of particles or the reciprocal of the distances between one particle and the center of mass of the remaining particles. For each case symmetric and non-symmetric periodic solutions are established. For every relative equilibrium solution of the (N ? 1)-body problem each of the six results gives periodic solutions of the N-body problem. Under additional mild non-resonance conditions the results are roughly as follows. Any non-degenerate periodic solutions of the restricted N-body problem can be continued into the full N-body problem. There exist periodic solutions of the N-body problem, where N ? 2 particles and the center of mass of the remaining pair move approximately on a solution of relative equilibrium and the pair move approximately on a small circular orbit of the two-body problems around their center of mass. There exist periodic solutions of the N-body problem, where one small particle and the center of mass of the remaining N ? 1 particles move approximately on a large circular orbit of the two body problems and the remaining N ? 1 bodies move approximately on a solution of relative equilibrium about their center of mass. There are three similar results on the existence of symmetric periodic solutions.