脉冲电场测试中的激光供电技术

为解决脉冲电场测试系统中的供电问题，设计了一套激光光纤供电系统，该系统由激光器、多模光纤及光电池构成。重点研究了激光器与光纤的耦合问题，设计了透镜系统对激光器输出光束进行准直和压缩。通过MOCVD法研制了GaAs光电池，并制作了椭球形"光伏眼"来提高光电转换效率。仿真和实验表明:采用透镜耦合时，激光器与光纤的耦合效率可达80%以上，远远高于直接耦合时的16%，改进后的"光伏眼"耦合效率相比直接耦合时提高了54.5%，激光供电系统的转化效率在40%以上。该系统的研制为解决脉冲电场的供电问题提供了一种方案。     

深度分辨漫反射测量光纤探头设计及特性

漫反射光谱人体成分检测研究中,光纤探头接收漫反射光子穿透深度及传输路径对检测效率及灵敏度影响较大,而传统的检测光纤探头无法实现对特定深度漫反射光子选择性接收。针对人体成分检测需要,提出了采用一定入射-接收角度及半球透镜耦合的漫反射测量光纤探头结构。在三层皮肤模型基础上,结合光纤探头形式改进Monte Carlo程序,计算光纤探头接收漫反射光子穿透深度,有效光子比例,有效信息载荷以及真皮层检测灵敏度。结果表明,设计的光纤探头可实现真皮层漫反射光子选择性接收,检测效率以及测量光谱受非目标层组织结构及光学参数影响较小,可有效提高人体成分无创检测灵敏度。     

一种新型可调谐环型腔掺饵光纤激光器输出特性的研究

理论分析了光纤光栅调谐量与光纤应力和拉伸系数间的关系,实验研究了环行腔掺铒光纤激光器的最佳输出耦合比、调谐波长与新型可调谐光纤光栅挤压长度的关系以及不同耦合比对激光线宽和调谐范围的影响。在最佳输出耦合比为9:1时得到3.8mW最大激光输出功率,在耦合比为7:3时最大调谐范围为7.85nm。     

一种分析三维楔脊形光波导与光纤耦合的方法

和直波导的不同在于，三维楔脊形波导中的光场都是不稳定的.分别对波导-光纤耦合、光纤-波导耦合两种情况，将三维楔脊形波导等效为多段短的直波导，利用束传播法同时对三维楔脊形波导内不稳定的入射、反射场，及它们在传播方向上的偏导进行处理，再用自由空间辐射模法计算透射率和反射率.以SOI楔脊形波导和光纤的耦合为例，验证了该方法的可行性. 关键词： 自由空间辐射模法 束传播法 耦合 透射 楔脊形光波导 绝缘体上硅(SOI)     

Bessel驻波对椭球形液滴的声辐射转矩

在实际的声操控中,由于声辐射力、表面张力和重力的共同作用,液滴往往呈现出椭球的形状,在螺旋声场中会受到力矩的作用而发生转动。从声波的散射理论出发,根据部分波展开法求解得到了椭球形液滴在Bessel驻波场中的声散射系数,并给出了其受到的声辐射转矩的解析式。在此基础上,对椭球形不可压缩液滴和椭球形可压缩液滴分别进行数值计算。仿真结果表明,不可压缩液滴的声辐射转矩与声束半锥角的关系更密切,而可压缩液滴则更依赖于特定的频率;提升Bessel驻波场的阶数有利于增强声辐射转矩的峰值,但在中低频处较难对可压缩液滴产生明显的力矩。该研究结果预期对利用螺旋声场进行液滴的操控具有理论指导作用。      

横向应力对保偏光纤偏振耦合特性的影响

在考虑到各向同性光纤和各向异性光纤在横向应力作用下介电常量变化量差别的条件下,利用弹光效应和折射率椭球得到了外界横向应力与保偏光纤介电常量变化量的关系.采用耦合模理论分析了横向应力作用下保偏光纤偏振耦合特性,数值模拟了横向应力大小、方向以及作用长度对偏振耦合强度的影响,应力作用方向与主轴(未受外力)成45°时,光纤受扰...     

椭球形线圈磁场均匀性的研究

用我们提出的数字图像法研究了载流椭球形线圈内部磁场的均匀性.利用Mathematica杰出的计算能力和数字绘图功能,绘制了疏绕旋转椭球形线圈磁场的三维分布图,给出了满足各种指定均匀度所对应的椭球区域,指出了现有文献研究圆柱形均匀区的不合理性.本文为电磁场均匀性研究提供了一种方便可靠的方法.     

基于表面等离子体共振和定向耦合的D形光子晶体光纤折射率和温度传感器

利用光子晶体光纤结构的灵活性和性能的优越性, 设计了一种基于D形光子晶体光纤的折射率和温度传感器. 在D形光子晶体光纤表面抛磨并镀上金纳米薄膜, 作为表面等离子体共振传感通道用来测量液体折射率; 在包层的一个空气孔中填充温敏液体甲苯, 作为定向耦合通道实现对温度的测量. 进一步的数值计算发现, 基于定向耦合效应的温度传感和基于表面等离子体共振的折射率传感相互独立, D形光子晶体光纤同时进行折射率和温度传感检测. 在各向异性的完美匹配层边界条件下利用全矢量有限元法对该传感器特性进行了数值研究, 发现D形光子晶体光纤的空气孔直径决定了定向耦合吸收峰的中心波长和温度传感的灵敏度, 金薄膜的厚度和D形结构的抛磨深度仅影响表面等离子体共振峰的相对强度. 结果表明: 该传感器在-10–80 ℃的温度范围内具有11.6 nm/℃的温度灵敏度, 在1.34–1.44折射率范围内折射率灵敏度最高可达26000 nm/RIU.     

大功率激光二极管与多模光纤耦合效率分析

提出了一种用于大功率激光二极管与多模光纤耦合的新颖的铲形整形系统，详细分析了铲形光纤端头不同的切割角度、切割深度以及耦合距离对激光二极管与铲形光纤耦合效率的影响。提出了一种计算该系统耦合效率的方法，同时给出了耦合效率的计算实例，得出了可以最大程度地提高铲形耦合头作用的优化参量。     

新型椭球形窗口零位检测技术研究

椭球形窗口的检测技术严重阻碍其成功应用。首先简要介绍了目前普遍使用的非球面检测技术,并针对椭球形窗口大倾斜、大偏心、深非球面的特点,基于零位补偿检测法原理,设计了一种适合椭球形窗口检测的改进型Offner零位补偿检测系统。检测系统包括补偿镜、场镜和标准球面参考镜,检测系统工作原理为:干涉仪出射平行光线通过补偿镜及场镜产生修正波前,通过椭球形窗口照射到标准球面反射镜,并按原光路返回与参考光线干涉,其干涉结果显示出椭球形窗口的面形偏差。实现了对椭球形窗口的高精度全口径一次检测并给出了完整的设计结果。检测了长径比为1.0,口径为110mm的椭球形窗口,其波前残余波像差均方根值为0.0052λ。设计结果为实际使用提供了一定的参考。     

On Uniqueness in the General Inverse Transmisson Problem

In this paper we demonstrate uniqueness of a transparent obstacle, of coefficients of rather general boundary transmission condition, and of a potential coefficient inside obstacle from partial Dirichlet-to Neumann map or from complete scattering data at fixed frequency. The proposed transmission problem includes in particular the isotropic elliptic equation with discontinuous conductivity coefficient. Uniqueness results are shown to be optimal. Hence the considered form can be viewed as a canonical form of isotropic elliptic transmission problems. Proofs use singular solutions of elliptic equations and complex geometrical optics. Determining an obstacle and boundary conditions (i.e. reflecting and transmitting properties of its boundary and interior) is of interest for acoustical and electromagnetic inverse scattering, for modeling fluid/structure interaction, and for defects detection.     

Induced focusing and conversion of a Gaussian beam into an elliptic Gaussian beam

We have presented an investigation of the induced focusing in Kerr media of two laser beams, the pump beam and the probe beam, which could be either Gaussian or elliptic Gaussian or a combination of the two. We have used variational formalism to derive relevant beam-width equations. Among several important findings, the finding that a very week probe beam can be guided and focused when power of both beams are well below their individual threshold for self-focusing, is a noteworthy one. It has been found that induced focusing is not possible for laser beams of any wavelength and beam radius. In case both beams are elliptic Gaussian, we have shown that when power of both beams is above a certain threshold value then the effective radius of both beams collapses and collapse distance depends on power. Moreover, it has been found that induced focusing can be employed to convert a circular Gaussian beam into an elliptic Gaussian beam.     

Coefficient Jump-Independent Approximation of the Conforming and Nonconforming Finite Element Solutions

A counterexample is constructed. It confirms that the error of conforming finite element solution is proportional to the coefficient jump, when solving interface elliptic equations. The Scott-Zhang operator is applied to a nonconforming finite element. It is shown that the nonconforming finite element provides the optimal order approximation in interpolation, in $L^2$-projection, and in solving elliptic differential equation, independent of the coefficient jump in the elliptic differential equation. Numerical tests confirm the theoretical finding.     

炸药枪击试验和数值模拟研究

HL-10炸药是一种以RDX为基的含铝炸药,为了研究该炸药在子弹或金属破片撞击作用下的安全性,利用12.7 mm机枪法对钢壳包覆的柱形HL-10装药进行了枪击试验,试验结果表明,炸药没有发生燃烧或爆轰现象,由此可定义该炸药的枪击感度试验反应等级为1级。建立了炸药枪击试验的计算模型和数值计算方法,对子弹撞击和穿透炸药过程进行了三维数值模拟计算,计算结果与试验结果相符,分析了子弹速度对HL-10炸药枪击感度的影响,其结果可为炸药安全性评价分析提供理论根据。为了进一步验证计算模型和方法,对美国的PBX-9404炸药的枪击作用过程进行了计算分析,结果表明,PBX-9404炸药在枪击作用下发生了完全爆轰反应,与Neff等人的试验结果相吻合。     

Geometric properties of optimal photonic crystals

Photonic crystals can be designed to control and confine light. Since the introduction of the concept by Yablonovitch and John two decades ago, there has been a quest for the optimal structure, i.e., the periodic arrangement of dielectric and air that maximizes the photonic band gap. Based on numerical optimization studies, we have discovered some surprisingly simple geometric properties of optimal planar band gap structures. We conjecture that optimal structures for gaps between bands n and n+1 correspond to n elliptic rods with centers defined by the generators of an optimal centroidal Voronoi tessellation (transverse magnetic polarization) and to the walls of this tessellation (transverse electric polarization).     

基于分离指标的宽阻带低通滤波器设计

常见的开路短截线和阶跃阻抗结构在微带低通器设计中较为成熟,但是这些结构的低通滤波器受到寄生通带的影响,阻带不够宽。提出了一种基于分离指标的宽阻带低通滤波器设计方法,利用计算机仿真软件ADS,对常见的阶跃阻抗低通滤波器进行结构改进。该方法将低通滤波器设计指标重点分为滚降率和宽阻带抑制两部分,分别利用椭圆滤波器和巴特沃斯滤波器的本身特性实现设计目的,最后进行级联优化。此结构综合设计方法简单严谨,易于实现,改进的低通滤波器性能优越,实现了宽阻带的设计需求,通带0~3GHz,插入损耗<0.5dB,阻带4~12GHz,抑制>45dB。     

A Non-Zero Hadronic Elliptic Flow with a Vanished Partonic Elliptic Flow in a Coalescence Scenario

The elliptic flow of a hadron is calculated using a quark coalescence model based on the quark phase space distribution produced by a free streaming locally thermalized quark in a two-dimensional transverse plane at initial time. Without assuming the quark＇s elliptic flow, it is shown that the hadron obtains a non-zero elliptic flow in this model. The elliptic flow of the hadron is shown to be sensitive to both space momentum correlation and the hadron＇s internal structure. Quark number scaling is obtained only for some special cases.     

Automated bullet identification based on striation feature using 3D laser color scanner

A procedure for automated bullet identification is described based on striation measurement using the bullet 3D digital representations obtained by a laser color scanner. When we do bullet identification by eye, we try to best match the striations according to the order of the striations and the distance between them. Based on this principle, individual characteristics which describe the unique striation pattern on the bullet are extracted. Experimental results prove that our algorithm can find the bullets with high trace similarity correctly and do bullet identification successfully.     

斜入射弹丸速度测量系统研究

天幕靶是用于测量弹丸速度较为普遍的光学测量仪器。在测量弹丸速度时,要求弹道垂直于天幕靶的靶面,当弹道不垂直预定靶面时,弹丸飞越两个天幕靶靶面的实际距离与两靶靶距存在一定的误差,斜入射角度越大误差越大。提出了一种用6个天幕构成天幕阵的速度测量系统。当弹丸以任意方向穿越6个天幕时,测时仪记录弹丸穿越各个天幕的时间间隔,根据这些时间间隔便可以求出弹丸的速度值和速度的飞行方向。该方案解决了弹丸斜入射时速度测量不准的问题,特别适用于枪弹末速度的测量。     

Effect of the momentum dependence of nuclear symmetry potential on the transverse and elliptic flows

In the framework of the isospin-dependent Boltzmann-Uehling-Uhlenbeck transport model, the effect of the momentum dependence of nuclear symmetry potential on nuclear transverse and elliptic flows in the neutron-rich reaction ¹³²Sn+¹²⁴Sn at a beam energy of 400MeV/nucleon is studied. We find that the momentum dependence of nuclear symmetry potential affects the rapidity distribution of the free neutron to proton ratio, the neutron and the proton transverse flows as a function of rapidity. The momentum dependence of nuclear symmetry potential affects the neutron-proton differential transverse flow more evidently than the difference of neutron and proton transverse flows as well as the difference of proton and neutron elliptic flows. It is thus better to probe the symmetry energy by using the difference of neutron and proton flows since the momentum dependence of nuclear symmetry potential is still an open question. And it is better to probe the momentum dependence of nuclear symmetry potential by using the neutron-proton differential transverse flow the rapidity distribution of the free neutron to proton ratio.