高激发态钠原了与分子碰撞能量转移及分子扩散带辐射的增强效应研究

在钠原子－分子混合体系中,实验研究了加入缓冲气体对高位态原子－分子碰撞能量转移和分子扩散带辐射的增强效应;运用瞬态碰撞模型作了理论计算,理论结果与实验结果相符合。     

里德伯Cs原子与CCl4分子的碰撞电离研究

为描述里德伯Ｃｓ原子与ＣＣｌ４分子碰撞电离实验研究中所发现的若干特征,对里德伯原子与分子碰撞的理论模型－准自由电子模型提出两点修正：（１）考虑原子实在碰撞过程中的作用,并且计入量子亏损;（２）考虑碰撞后正负离子的分离几率。利用修正的模型进行了理论计算,得到了与实验测量较为吻合的结果,。同时与其它文献结果进行了比较。     

快电子与原子分子碰撞实验

 原子分子结构是原子分子物理学的基本问题,光谱实验和碰撞实验是获得原子分子结构实验数据的基本方法.当前原子分子的激发态结构和碰撞动力学仍然是原子分子物理的最重要的前沿研究领域之一,特别是原子分子高激发态、原子超精细结构和原子团簇更是十分活跃.原子分子及离子的碰撞过程不仅与原子结构、分子结构及其状态密切相关,而且普遍存在于天体、星际空间、地球大气、等离子体以及化学反应过程中.因此这些碰撞过程的基本数据和实验技术对于能源项目、军事技术和许多学科的发展有着密切关系.这些学科包括核物理、凝聚态物理、材料科学、等离子体物理、空间物理、天体物理、化学物理、分子生物学等.     

在钠原子-分子系统中氩气参与的碰撞能量转移过程

我们报道了钠原子-分子系统有惰性气体氩原子参与的碰撞能量转移过程.观察到了由此而产生的分子单重态和三重态的紫区受激辐射.实验结果表明,氩原子参与的碰撞能量转移过程在适当的氩气气压下起到了有利的作用,但过高的气压会使布居的粒子数减少,起到荧光淬灭效应.我们利用瞬时速率方程拟合了实验结果,得到了部分相同的变化规律.     

原子与双原子分子间非弹性碰撞理论研究

用密耦方法研究了氦原子与氢分子非弹性碰撞，当入射原子能量为０．２５ｅＶ，０．４０ｅＶ和０．６０ｅＶ时，比较了不同的原子与分子间势函数计算得到的振动和转动激发截面。看到原子与分子间势对原子与分子碰撞截面的理论计算影响很大。     

Case(b）情况下NO的非弹性散射及 相关量子干涉的理解

我们已经对原子与双原子分子间的碰撞量子干涉进行了理论研究,为了对 分裂引起的碰撞诱导转动传能进行更一步的研究,建立了洪德情况b下原子双原子分子系统的理论模型.对洪德情况b下原子双原子分子系统干涉程度进行了讨论,并对洪德情况b下NO与He, Ne , Ar碰撞干涉角进行了定量计算。在含时一级波恩近似下,考虑各向异性相互作用势,定量分析转动量子数,实验温度等对干涉角的影响。     

Case(b）情况下NO的非弹性散射及 相关量子干涉的理解

我们已经对原子与双原子分子间的碰撞量子干涉进行了理论研究,为了对 分裂引起的碰撞诱导转动传能进行更一步的研究,建立了洪德情况b下原子双原子分子系统的理论模型.对洪德情况b下原子双原子分子系统干涉程度进行了讨论,并对洪德情况b下NO与He, Ne , Ar碰撞干涉角进行了定量计算。在含时一级波恩近似下,考虑各向异性相互作用势,定量分析转动量子数,实验温度等对干涉角的影响。     

原子与双原子分子的碰撞反应

一个原子与宁一个同核双原子分子反应碰撞的过渡态构型是线型的, 计算了平衡临界键长的统计分布函数及其平均值、反应活化能和反应速率常数, 理论结果与实验值相符.     

Π态双原子分子Λ分裂引起的量子干涉

为了从理论上解释Sun等在CO(A1 Π ,v =3 )和He碰撞实验中转动传能截面的反常现象 ,考虑一级含时波恩近似、长程相互作用势和直线轨道近似 ,建立了Π态双原子分子由于Λ分裂引起量子干涉的理论模型 .运用这一理论模型 ,成功的解释了实验中碰撞伴为He时转动传能截面的反常现象 :σε→ε′△J =0 <σε→ε′△J =± 1 .首先介绍了碰撞诱导转动传能中量子干涉效应的研究进展 ,然后建立了Π态双原子分子由于Λ分裂引起量子干涉的理论模型 ,最后对所得结果进行了讨论     

分子碰撞振动激发的一种计算方法

研究原子和双原子分子碰撞的振动激发过程，需要求争一组振动耦合微分方程组，给出了此方程组的一种数值求解方法，推导了ＩＯＳ近似下的振动激发截面公式，将方程化简为无量纲形式，然后给出了解方程的方法，最后给出应用这种方法计算的一个例子，并与实验结果进行了比较。     

钠分子B^1∏u与2^1∑g^＋间的碰撞激发转移

The B 1pi(u) electronic state of Na2 was excited by the 441.6 nm He-Cd laser line. The Na atomic transitions and the A 1sigma(u)+ --> X 1sigma(g)+ band of Na2 were recorded. From the intensities and spectra of the Na and Na2 fluorescence several collisional processes in the excited sodium atom-dimer system were identified. The Na atomic lines are the result of collisional energy transfer from Na2 (B 1pi(u)) to Na(3P). Predissociation process may also contribute to atomic fluorescence. The A 1sigma(u)+ --> X 1sigma(g)+ band is interpreted through a populating mechanism involving collisional transfer from B 1pi(u) to 2 1sigma(g)+ followed by a radiative transfer to the A 1sigma(u)+ state. From the decay constants and fluorescence intensities, the rate coefficient at 360 degrees C for collisional energy transfer from Na2 (B 1pi(u)) to Na2 (2 1sigma(g)+) was found to be 5.7 x 10(-10) cm3 x s(-1). The predissociation rate of the B 1pi(u) is 2.7 x 10(6) s(-1).     

光泵Ba/He系统582.8nm碰撞诱导荧光辐射及其弛豫振荡

观察到光泵Ba/He混合物产生的582.8nm碰撞诱导荧光新谱线及其弛豫振荡.进行理论分析和计算,结果与实验相符合.     

Laser-induced quadrupole-quadrupole collisional energy transfer in Xe-Kr

By considering the relative velocity distribution function and multipole expansion interaction Hamiltonian, a three-state model for calculating the cross section of laser-induced quadrupole-quadrupole collisional energy transfer is presented. Calculated results in Xe-Kr system show that in the present system, the laser-induced collision process occurs for ～4 ps, which is much shorter than the dipole-dipole laser-induced collisional energy transfer (LICET) process. The spectrum of laser-induced quadrupole-quadrupole collisional energy transfer in Xe-Kr system has wider tunable range in an order of magnitude than the dipole-dipole LICET spectra. The peak cross section decreases and moves to the quasi-static wing with increasing temperature and the full width at half peak of the profile becomes larger as the system temperature increases.     

Laser-induced quadrupoleben quadrupole collisional energy transfer in Xe-Kr

By considering the relative velocity distribution function and multipole expansion interaction Hamiltonian, a three-state model for calculating the cross section of laser-induced quadrupole-quadrupole collisional energy transfer is presented. Calculated results in Xe-Kr system show that in the present system, the laser-induced collision process occurs for ~4 ps, which is much shorter than the dipole-dipole laser-induced collisional energy transfer (LICET) process. The spectrum of laser-induced quadrupole-quadrupole collisional energy transfer in Xe-Kr system has wider tunable range in an order of magnitude than the dipole-dipole LICET spectra. The peak cross section decreases and moves to the quasi-static wing with increasing temperature and the full width at half peak of the profile becomes larger as the system temperature increases.     

碰撞诱导钠分子A1Σ+u→X1Σ+g的荧光光谱

用532.0 nm激光激发Na2分子到B1Πu电子态,记录了Na(3P)原子的跃迁和Na2分子的A1Σ+u-Χ1Σ+g的谱带.由Na与Na2激发态发射的光谱及其强度可以认定在Na-Na2系统中的碰撞过程,Na(3P)原子线是Na2(B1Πu)到Na(3P)的碰撞能量转移产生的,预解离过程也可产生原子线.而A1Σ+u-Χ1Σ+g谱带是由B1Πu到21Σ+g的碰撞转移后再由21Σ+g到A1Σ+u的辐射而引起的.在360℃,根据辐射衰变率和荧光强度,得到Na2(B1Πu)到Na2(21Σ+g)碰撞转移率系数为7.1×10-10 cm3s-1,而B1Πu的预解离率为2.3×106 s-1.     

Collisional Invariants for the Phonon Boltzmann Equation

For the phonon Boltzmann equation with only pair collisions we characterize the set of all collisional invariants under some mild conditions on the dispersion relation.     

碰撞等离子体中电中性条件对单探针测量的约束

在碰撞等离子体中使用单探针测量系统测得的伏安特性曲线会发生畸变. 实验中分别测量了非碰撞条件下(20 Pa)和碰撞条件下(400 Pa)氩气(Ar)电感耦合等离子体的单探针伏安特性曲线, 并进一步通过在400 Pa下测量不同位置处的单探针伏安特性曲线和引入干扰电极调节整体电中性约束的程度的方法来分析研究曲线的畸变现象. 结果表明碰撞等离子体中整体电中性约束条件会对非碰撞探针测量系统进行约束, 并通过理论分析和实验证明:在单探针测量过程中, 以真空室壁为电位参考点, 等离子体将通过改变自身等离子体电位来满足整体电中性的要求, 此时, 单探针测得的伏安特性曲线就不是理论上的单探针的鞘层伏安特性.     

Collective modes,damping, and the scattering function in classical liquids

An exact representation for the density-density response function is presented. This representation is a generalization of the result obtained in the mean field approximation and amounts to replacing the static, effective potential by one which is both wavenumber- and frequency-dependent. This potential possesses both a real and an imaginary part; the latter describes the collisional damping of collective modes. Analyticity and sum rule arguments are used to describe the basic properties of this complex potential. The formalism allows us to write an exact formula for the scattering functionS(k, ) in which the basic unknown is the collisional damping function. Using a small portion of the recent experimental data on coherent neutron scattering in liquid argon, we are able to calculateS(k, ) and other quantities of interest and to make comparisons with the rest of the data.     

Excitation mechanisms and spectral shape of the diffuse violet emission band in Na2

A dense sodium vapour (T=450°C) has been illuminated with a laser light tuned across the whole visible region. For any laser wavelength the diffuse violet band of Na₂ molecule (peaking at 436.5 nm) has been found in fluorescence spectrum. Several mechanisms are proposed for excitation of the diffuse band, including collisional energy transfer and ionization-recombination processes. New observations of a spectral shape of the diffuse band are reported.