Topological regular variation: I. Slow variation

Motivated by the Category Embedding Theorem, as applied to convergent automorphisms (Bingham and Ostaszewski (in press) [11]), we unify and extend the multivariate regular variation literature by a reformulation in the language of topological dynamics. Here the natural setting are metric groups, seen as normed groups (mimicking normed vector spaces). We briefly study their properties as a preliminary to establishing that the Uniform Convergence Theorem (UCT) for Baire, group-valued slowly-varying functions has two natural metric generalizations linked by the natural duality between a homogenous space and its group of homeomorphisms. Each is derivable from the other by duality. One of these explicitly extends the (topological) group version of UCT due to Bajšanski and Karamata (1969) [4] from groups to flows on a group. A multiplicative representation of the flow derived in Ostaszewski (2010) [45] demonstrates equivalence of the flow with the earlier group formulation. In companion papers we extend the theory to regularly varying functions: we establish the calculus of regular variation in Bingham and Ostaszewski (2010) [13] and we extend to locally compact, σ-compact groups the fundamental theorems on characterization and representation (Bingham and Ostaszewski (2010) [14]). In Bingham and Ostaszewski (2009) [15], working with topological flows on homogeneous spaces, we identify an index of regular variation, which in a normed-vector space context may be specified using the Riesz representation theorem, and in a locally compact group setting may be connected with Haar measure.     

Topological regular variation: II. The fundamental theorems

This paper investigates fundamental theorems of regular variation (Uniform Convergence, Representation, and Characterization Theorems) some of which, in the classical setting of regular variation in R, rely in an essential way on the additive semigroup of natural numbers N (e.g. de Bruijn's Representation Theorem for regularly varying functions). Other such results include Goldie's direct proof of the Uniform Convergence Theorem and Seneta's version of Kendall's theorem connecting sequential definitions of regular variation with their continuous counterparts (for which see Bingham and Ostaszewski (2010) [13]). We show how to interpret these in the topological group setting established in Bingham and Ostaszewski (2010) [12] as connecting N-flow and R-flow versions of regular variation, and in so doing generalize these theorems to Rd. We also prove a flow version of the classical Characterization Theorem of regular variation.     

Generalized R-KKM theorems in topological space and their applications

In this paper, we introduce generalized R-KKM mapping and discuss some new generalized R-KKM theorem under the nonconvexity setting of topological space. As applications, some new minimax inequalities, saddle point theorem are proved in topological space. Our theorems unified and extend many known results in recent literature.     

Strong liftings with application to measurable cross sections in locally compact groups

There are two principal theorems. The adjustment theorem asserts that a lifting may be changed on a set of measure zero so as to become slightly stronger. In conjunction with the standard lifting theorem, it yields generalizations (with shorter proofs) of a number of known results in the theory of strong liftings. It also inspires a characterization of strong liftings, when the measure is regular, by the fact that they induce upon every open set an artificial “closure” of that set which differs from it by a set of measure zero. The projection theorem asserts that, in the presence of a strict disintegration, a strong lifting may be transferred or “projected” from one topological measure space onto another. In conjunction with Losert's example, it yields regular Borel, measures, carried on compact Hausdorff spaces of arbitrarily large weight, which everywhere fail to have the strong lifting property. It also provides the final link needed to obtained, with no separability assumptions, a measurable cross section (or right inverse) for the canonical map Ω:G→G/H, whereG is an arbitrary locally compact group, and whereH is an arbitrary closed subgroup ofG.     

Noncommutative topological dynamics and compact actions on C1-algebras

The classical notions of topological transitivity and minimality of a topological dynamical system are extended and analyzed in the context of C¹-dynamical systems. These notions are compared with other notions naturally arising in noncommutative ergodic theory. As an application, a C¹-algebra version of a theorem of Araki, Haag, Kastler, and Takesaki (Comm. Math. Phys.53 (1977), 97–134) about the correspondence between a compact automorphism group (here assumed to be abelian) and its fixed-point subalgebra is proved in the presence of a commuting topologically transitive action. A variation of this theorem in the setting of standard W¹-inclusions is also presented.     

Deformations of symplectic vortices

We prove a gluing theorem for a symplectic vortex on a compact complex curve and a collection of holomorphic sphere bubbles. Using the theorem we show that the moduli space of regular strongly stable symplectic vortices on a fixed curve with varying markings has the structure of a stratified-smooth topological orbifold. In addition, we show that the moduli space has a non-canonical C ¹-orbifold structure.     

First Alexandroff Decomposition Theorem for Topological Lattice Group Valued Measures

Let (X, F) be an Alexandroff space, let A(F) be the Boolean subalgebra of 2 ^X generated by F, let G be a Hausdorff commutative topological lattice group and let rba_F(A(F), G) denote the set of all order bounded F-inner regular finitely additive set functions from A(F) into G. Using some special properties of the elements of rba_F(A(F), G), we extend to this setting the first decomposition theorem of Alexandroff.     

Intrinsic metrics for non-local symmetric Dirichlet forms and applications to spectral theory

We present a study of what may be called an intrinsic metric for a general regular Dirichlet form. For such forms we then prove a Rademacher type theorem. For strongly local forms we show existence of a maximal intrinsic metric (under a weak continuity condition) and for Dirichlet forms with an absolutely continuous jump kernel we characterize intrinsic metrics by bounds on certain integrals. We then turn to applications on spectral theory and provide for (measure perturbation of) general regular Dirichlet forms an Allegretto–Piepenbrink type theorem, which is based on a ground state transform, and a Shnol' type theorem. Our setting includes Laplacian on manifolds, on graphs and α-stable processes.     

Linearization of Poisson groupoids

Motivated by a search for Lie group structures on groups of Poisson diffeomorphisms, we investigate linearizability of Poisson structures of Poisson groupoids around the unit section. After extending the Lagrangian neighbourhood theorem to the setting of cosymplectic Lie algebroids, we establish that dual integrations of triangular bialgebroids are always linearizable. Additionally, we show that the (non-dual) integration of a triangular Lie bialgebroid is linearizable whenever the $r$-matrix is of so-called cosymplectic type. The proof relies on the integration of a triangular Lie bialgebroid to a symplectic LA-groupoid, and in the process we define interesting new examples of double Lie algebroids and LA-groupoids. We also show that the product Poisson groupoid can only be linearizable when the Poisson structure on the unit space is regular.     

The structure of non-completely regular spaces

F.B. Jones has proved that for many different topological properties P if there exists a non-normal space with property P then there exists a non-completely regular space Y with property P. In this paper we study the topological structure of the space Y and we characterize the topological spaces with a similar structure to that possessed by Y.     

A non-commutative version of the first alexandroff decomposition theorem in ordered topological groups

In this paper we establish a decomposition theorem for a positive regular measure on an orthoalgebra with values in an ordered topological group not necessarily commutative. We deduce from it the A. D. Alexandroff’s classical first decomposition theorem and we discuss its uniqueness in the setting of metric spaces.     

Almost maximal spaces

A topological space X is called almost maximal if it is without isolated points and for every x∈X, there are only finitely many ultrafilters on X converging to x. We associate with every countable regular homogeneous almost maximal space X a finite semigroup Ult(X) so that if X and Y are homeomorphic, Ult(X) and Ult(Y) are isomorphic. Semigroups Ult(X) are projectives in the category F of finite semigroups. These are bands decomposing into a certain chain of rectangular components. Under MA, for each projective S in F, there is a countable almost maximal topological group G with Ult(G) isomorphic to S. The existence of a countable almost maximal topological group cannot be established in ZFC. However, there are in ZFC countable regular homogeneous almost maximal spaces X with Ult(X) being a chain of idempotents.     

Topologies on abelian lattice ordered groups induced by a positive filter and completeness

We consider topologies on an abelian lattice ordered group that are determined by the absolute value and a positive filter. We show that the topological completions of these objects are also determined by the absolute value and a positive filter. We investigate the connection between the topological completion of such objects and the Dedekind–MacNeille completion of the underlying lattice ordered group. We consider the preservation of completeness for such topologies with respect to homomorphisms of lattice ordered groups. Finally, we show that topologies defined in terms of absolute value and a positive filter on the space C(X) of all real-valued continuous functions defined on a completely regular topological space X are always complete.     

Tverberg’s Theorem and Graph Coloring

The topological Tverberg theorem has been generalized in several directions by setting extra restrictions on the Tverberg partitions. Restricted Tverberg partitions, defined by the idea that certain points cannot be in the same part, are encoded with graphs. When two points are adjacent in the graph, they are not in the same part. If the restrictions are too harsh, then the topological Tverberg theorem fails. The colored Tverberg theorem corresponds to graphs constructed as disjoint unions of small complete graphs. Hell studied the case of paths and cycles. In graph theory these partitions are usually viewed as graph colorings. As explored by Aharoni, Haxell, Meshulam and others there are fundamental connections between several notions of graph colorings and topological combinatorics. For ordinary graph colorings it is enough to require that the number of colors q satisfy q>Δ, where Δ is the maximal degree of the graph. It was proven by the first author using equivariant topology that if q>Δ ² then the topological Tverberg theorem still works. It is conjectured that q>KΔ is also enough for some constant K, and in this paper we prove a fixed-parameter version of that conjecture. The required topological connectivity results are proven with shellability, which also strengthens some previous partial results where the topological connectivity was proven with the nerve lemma.     

Fuzzy Boolean algebras

The purpose of this paper is to generalize the following situation: from the concrete structure $\text{B}$, we define the notion of Boolean algebras; the Stone representation theorem allows us to replace the algebraic study of Boolean algebras by a topological one. Let E be a non-empty set, and J a non-empty ordered set. Note $\text{B}$ the set of all fuzzy subsets of (E,J). We shall introduce the concept of fuzzy Boolean algebra and find a representation theorem. But it will be difficult to speak of the dual fuzzy topological space of a fuzzy Boolean algebra as we shall see further, except in certain particular cases.     

The topological Tverberg theorem and related topics

The classical Borsuk–Ulam theorem, established some eighty years ago, may now be seen as a consequence of the nonvanishing of the mod 2 cohomology Euler class of a certain vector bundle over a real projective space. A theorem of Kakutani from the 1940s that any continuous real-valued function on the 2–sphere must be constant on some set of three orthogonal vectors may be deduced similarly from the nontriviality of some mod 3 cohomology Euler class. The more recent topological Tverberg theorem of Bárány, Shlosman and Szücs, concerning a prime p, and the extensions of that theorem which have appeared in the last few years in the work of Blagojevi?, Karasev, Matschke, Ziegler and others, may be proved by showing that some mod p Euler class is nonzero. This paper presents a survey of these, and related, results from the viewpoint of topological fibrewise fixed–point theory.     

On similarity homogeneous locally compact spaces with intrinsic metric

In this article, we generalize partially the theorem of V. N. Berestovskii on characterization of similarity homogeneous (nonhomogeneous) Riemannian manifolds, i.e., Riemannian manifolds admitting transitive group of metric similarities other than motions to the case of locally compact similarity homogeneous (nonhomogeneous) spaces with intrinsic metric satisfying the additional assumption that the canonically conformally equivalent homogeneous space is δ-homogeneous or a space of curvature bounded below in the sense of A. D. Aleksandrov. Under the same assumptions, we prove the conjecture of V. N. Berestovskii on topological structure of such spaces.     

Traces of Sobolev functions on the Ahlfors sets of Carnot groups

We prove the converse of the trace theorem for the functions of the Sobolev spaces W _p ^l on a Carnot group on the regular closed subsets called Ahlfors d-sets (the direct trace theorem was obtained in one of our previous publications). The theorem generalizes Johnsson and Wallin’s results for Sobolev functions on the Euclidean space. As a consequence we give a theorem on the boundary values of Sobolev functions on a domain with smooth boundary in a two-step Carnot group. We consider an example of application of the theorems to solvability of the boundary value problem for one partial differential equation.