Mechanics of Curved Composites (Piecewise-Homogeneous Body Model)

A review is made of studies on the mechanics of curved composites carried out using the piecewise-homogeneous body model and the exact three-dimensional equations of the theory of elasticity and viscoelasticity. Relevant problem formulations and solution methods are considered and some typical results on the influence of structural distortion on the mechanical behavior of composites are analyzed. Subjects for near-term studies are proposed     

兼具基体蠕变和轻度界面蠕变的复合材料的本构特性

金属基复合材料的基体蠕变特性在一定的温度与应力下表现明显，当界面为非理想并具有粘弹性性质时，其对复合材料的整体蠕变亦有重要影响．本文利用具有非理想界面的复合材料的Ｍｏｒｉ－Ｔａｎａｋａ方法，研究了既具有基体蠕变又具有界面轻度蠕变的复合材料的本构关系，给出了各微结构参量对复合材料整体蠕变特性的影响     

兼具基体蠕变和轻度界面蠕变的复合材料的本构特性

金属基复合材料的基体蠕变特性在一定的温度与应力下表现明显，当界面为非理想并具有粘弹性性质时，其对复合材料的整体蠕变亦有重要影响．本文利用具有非理想界面的复合材料的Ｍｏｒｉ－Ｔａｎａｋａ方法，研究了既具有基体蠕变又具有界面轻度蠕变的复合材料的本构关系，给出了各微结构参量对复合材料整体蠕变特性的影响     

织物及织物复合材料本构理论与试验研究进展

织物复合材料具有高的抗损伤性, 各方向的性能优于层合复合材料, 因而引起人们的重视.织物增强复合材料由于其高比强度、易于制造和充分发展的织物技术等优点使其已经广泛用于航空、汽车和运动产品. 由于使用这些材料越来越普遍, 自动化生产替代了手工生产, 用精确的方法模拟材料的变形是必不可少的. 为了精确的反映材料的行为, 那么就需要描述材料力学性质的本构方程,而作为验证本构模型的试验是伴随着本构模型的发展而发展的.本文首先综述了织物及织物复合材料的发展和现状, 接着重点介绍了织物及织物复合材料的本构理论的研究发展, 并对织物及织物复合材料的斜拉伸试验、像框试验等内容进行了介绍. 最后根据织物复合材料的最新进展对其未来的发展趋势进行了展望.      

A micromechanical model for effective elastic properties of particulate composites with imperfect interfacial bonds

A micromechanical model for effective elastic properties of particle filled acrylic composites with imperfect interfacial bonds is proposed. The constituents are treated as three distinct phases, consisting of agglomerate of particles, bulk matrix and interfacial transition zone around the agglomerate. The influence of the interfacial transition zone on the overall mechanical behavior of composites is studies analytically and experimentally. Test data on particle filled acrylic composites with three different interfacial properties are also presented. The comparison of analytical simulation with experimental data demonstrated the validity of the proposed micromechanical model with imperfect interface. Both the experimental results and analytical prediction show that interfacial conditions have great influence on the elastic properties of particle filled acrylic composites.     

功能铁磁材料的变形与断裂的研究进展

综述了近几十年, 特别是近十几年来铁磁材料的力磁耦合变形与断裂行为的研究概况. 传统铁磁弹性问题的研究已经有较长时间的积累, 文献中已有大量的研究结果发表. 近些年 来, 随着智能材料及结构应用与研究的兴起, 功能铁磁材料如稀土超磁致伸缩材料、铁磁相 变材料以及铁磁复合材料等的力学行为越来越受到重视, 人们在功能铁磁材料的变形与断裂 以及铁磁复合材料的有效性质等方面开展了大量的研究工作. 本文在简单介绍了经典铁磁弹 性和传统铁磁结构的力磁性能的研究背景基础上, 结合作者近年来在铁磁材料变形与断裂方 面所开展的工作, 着重评述了功能软铁磁材料在变形与断裂的实验研究,如实验设备和技术, 以及铁磁复合材料细观力学、软铁磁材料、铁磁功能材料的变形与断裂理论等方面的研究进 展, 并指出了需要进一步研究的方向.     

FROST RESISTANCE OF POLYVINYL ALCOHOL FIBER REINFORCED CEMENTITIOUS COMPOSITES

This article studies the frost resistance of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fiber reinforced cementitious composites. The test samples contain different PVA fiber volume fractions such as 0, 0.5%, 1% and 2%. The freeze-thaw test is carried on in TDR type apparatus. The outward appearance, the weight loss factor and the relative dynamic elastic modulus are analyzed, and conclusions are drawn that PVA fibers can significantly improve the frost resistance of cementitious composites and frost resistance of PVA fiber reinforced cementitious composites with fiber volumetric fraction of 1% is better.     

分块法研究圆柱绕流升阻力

 使用新的分块耦合方法，分别对单圆柱和串列双圆柱绕流进行了数值 模拟. 对于单圆柱绕流，低$Re$下计算所得到的定常涡尺寸与实验非常接近. 对于 串列双圆柱绕流，研究分析了改变双圆柱中心间距对上下游圆柱的升阻力系数和脉动频率所 产生的影响，计算结果与实验非常吻合，为进一步研究涡致振动提供了依据.     

纤维增强树脂基复合材料多轴疲劳研究进展

纤维增强树脂基复合材料结构在工程应用中常常承受复杂载荷的作用, 从而使材料处于多轴循环应力条件下. 为了更加合理地进行复合材料结构设计, 必须对复合材料多轴疲劳行为进行深入的研究, 建立比较理想的复合材料疲劳寿命预测模型. 首先简单回顾了复合材料单轴疲劳损伤判据及其寿命预测模型, 然后结合作者的研究结果, 总结了近年来国内外纤维增强树脂基复合材料多轴疲劳理论的研究成果, 对各种失效准则、疲劳寿命预测模型进行了较为深入的分析, 指出了它们各自的特点及其存在的问题, 并对复合材料多轴疲劳理论的研究趋势作出了展望. 最后, 对目前常用的复合材料多轴疲劳实验方法进行了总结, 并指出了各种方法的优缺点及其实验中存在的困难.      

High-temperature metal matrix composites

This paper presents an overview of studies of creep-one of the most important characteristics of high-temperature materials. A structural model of creep and methods of accelerated creep tests are considered, and the effect of structural parameters on the creep resistance is studied. The problem of fracture toughness of metal matrix composites is analyzed. The possibility of designing composites with the necessary balance of high-temperature strength, fracture toughness, and oxidation resistance (heat resistance), in particular, composites operated at temperatures of 1400–1600°C is demonstrated by the example of a molybdenum oxide composite.     

金属玻璃基复合材料的变形行为及本构关系研究综述

金属玻璃及其复合材料因其优良的力学性能而具有良好的应用前景,相关研究方兴未艾. 本文主要总结国内外的研究成果并结合本课题组的最新研究工作,针对块体金属玻璃基复合材料的变形行为、增韧机理和本构关系研究现状进行较为全面的综述. 首先,对近几十年来在块体金属玻璃基体材料的变形行为与失效机理以及本构关系研究方面的丰硕成果进行简要回顾. 其次,从实验研究和数值模拟两方面,重点对金属玻璃基复合材料的变形行为与失效机理研究成果进行介绍,总结了金属玻璃基复合材料的塑性变形、增韧机理及影响因素. 然后,对金属玻璃基复合材料的本构关系研究最新进展进行评述,重点介绍了均匀化方法在该领域的应用. 作为代表,较为详细地介绍了作者新近提出的一个二次均匀化的方法,并在此基础上,结合纳米孔洞作为自变量的失效判据而建立了本构模型,该模型对金属玻璃基复合材料的变形和失效行为进行了合理预测. 最后,对该领域的研究现状进行简单的总结,并对未来的研究问题进行展望.      

Closed-form solutions to the effective properties of fibrous magnetoelectric composites and their applications

Magnetoelectric coupling is of interest for a variety of applications, but is weak in natural materials. Strain-coupled fibrous composites of piezoelectric and piezomagnetic materials are an attractive way of obtaining enhanced effective magnetoelectricity. This paper studies the effective magnetoelectric behaviors of two-phase multiferroic composites with periodic array of inhomogeneities. For a class of microstructures called periodic E-inclusions, we obtain a rigorous closed-form formula of the effective magnetoelectric coupling coefficient in terms of the shape matrix and volume fraction of the periodic E-inclusion. Based on the closed-form formula, we find the optimal volume fractions of the fiber phase for maximum magnetoelectric coupling and correlate the maximum magnetoelectric coupling with the material properties of the constituent phases. Based on these results, useful design principles are proposed for engineering magnetoelectric composites.     

金属基耐磨铸造表面复合材料的现状及其今后研究工作的主攻方向

为了推动国内在金属基耐磨铸造表面复合材料领域的基础理论研究和应用的发展，对这类复合材料的制造工艺、耐磨性能和影响其质量的有关因素进行了综合介绍与评述。目前，金属基耐磨铸造表面复合材料的发展方兴未艾，尽管其制造工艺的研究，特别是对于它的摩擦学性能和影响其质量的因素之研究报道都还不多，然而毕竟已经取得了不少成果，这为它的进一步发展奠定了基础。通过对几个方面已经成功应用和可望投入应用之实例的简明阐述，展现了金属基耐磨铸造表面复合材料良好的实用前景，并就其今后的研究工作提出了几个值得重视的主攻方向。应当特别还强调指出的是，在对这类复合材料深入进行基础理论研究的同时，还必须大力开展其在工程上的应用研究，以不断拓展它的适用范围。     

Asymptotic homogenization of three-dimensional thermoelectric composites

Thermoelectric composites are promising for high efficiency energy conversion between thermal flows and electric conduction, though their effective behaviors remain poorly understood due to nonlinear thermoelectric coupling. In this paper, we develop an asymptotic homogenization theory to analyze the effective behavior of three-dimensional (3D) thermoelectric composites, built on the observation that the equations governing microscopic field fluctuations in the composite are actually linear instead of nonlinear after separation of length scales. A set of solutions similar to Green's function method are used to construct the unit cell problem, and appropriate interfacial continuity conditions and boundary conditions are derived. The homogenized governing equations are then developed for thermoelectric composites, and they are further reduced for a special case wherein the heat flow and electric conduction in the composite remains one-dimensional (1D) at macroscopic scale, even though the composite itself is 3D in general. The general homogenization theory is implemented using finite element method, and a key constant in the constructed solutions is determined using the reformulated eigenvalue problem. The algorithm is validated, and is applied for a number of case studies for the effective behavior of thermoelectric composites.     

复合材料的蠕变行为

本文着重介绍了粘弹性力学对复合材料蠕变问题的处理,蠕变的经验公式以及延迟破坏的一些研究成果,还涉及了蠕变的机理和试验方法。最后对含裂纹复合材料的蠕变行为提出了一些看法。      

头盔用复合材料抗侵彻性能研究进展

对头盔用复合材料抗冲击性能的研究及其主要成果进行了总结和评述,包括所用材料的冲击动力学性能、头盔结构在冲击下的损伤和破坏特点、其能量吸收机制的理论分析和数值模拟等几方面,提出了一些亟待深入的研究方向．     

EFFECTIVE SPECIFIC HEATS OF MULTI-PHASE THERMOELASTIC COMPOSITES

This paper studies the effective properties of multi-phase thermoelastic composites. Based on the Helmholtz free energy and the Gibbs free energy of individual phases, the effective elastic tensor, thermal-expansion tensor, and specific heats of the multi-phase composites are derived by means of the volume average of free-energies of these phases. Particular emphasis is placed on the derivation of new analytical expressions of effective specific heats at constant-strain and constant-stress situations, in which a modified Eshelby’s micromechanics theory is developed and the interaction between inclusions is considered. As an illustrative example, the analytical expression of the effective specific heat for a three-phase thermoelastic composite is presented.     

多向编织复合材料的力学性能研究

综述并评价了关于二维和三维编织复合材料的有效弹性模量研究的代表性工作,并从材料设计的思想出发,宏观与微观相结合,材料科学与力学相结合,对多向编织复合材料的宏观力学性能与细观织物结构、组分性能的关系及编织复合材料非线性行为进行了详细的理论分析和研究     

纤维增强金属基复合材料整体蠕变性能的细观力学分析

高温下金属基复合材料的蠕变主要由基体蠕变和界面扩散蠕变两部分构成,以往的研究中常常只考虑其中一种蠕变机理,从而导致得到的规律具有较大的局限性．本文提出了一种可预测金属基复合材料整体蠕变性能的细观力学方法,同时考虑了基体蠕变和界面扩散蠕变两种蠕变机理,导出了具有张量形式并满足不可压缩性的界面扩散蠕变应变表达式．采用Mori-Tanaka法和自洽法二者结果的平均以便更准确地计算纤维中的应力,揭示了两种蠕变机理相互影响的竞争关系．研究了恒定双轴荷载下的总体蠕变和固定位移约束下的应力松弛这两种常见蠕变问题,探究了基体蠕变与界面扩散蠕变两种蠕变机理在总蠕变中发挥的作用,考察了不同加载条件和不同纤维体积分数对复合材料整体蠕变行为的影响．     

碳纳米管的力学性能及碳纳米管复合材料研究

对碳纳米管力学行为和碳纳米管复合材料的研究文献进行了综述.首先介绍了碳纳米管结构稳定性和力学性能的研究进展,包括理论模拟和实验的研究结果.结果表明,碳纳米管有着优异的力学性能,其在复合材料应用方面有着巨大的潜力.然后,系统地总结了碳纳米管在增强高分子材料、金属材料和陶瓷材料方面的应用,指出外场力传递效应是值得关注的课题.最后,对该领域工作做了一些讨论和展望.