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在低速风洞中,以NACA0012翼型为例,采用对比实验的方法,研究了三种改善翼型大攻角气动性能的流动控制措施,即(1)在翼型上表面安装小三角翼涡发生器;(2)在翼型前缘安装矩形涡发生器;(3)利用前缘切口.实验雷诺数分别为4.9×105到6.5×105,攻角范围为-10°至20°.实验结果表明三种措施均可不同程度地改善原翼型在其失速区域的性能,不仅可以提高翼型的升力,而且可以提高其升阻比;但常用攻角范围内翼型气动性能有不同程度的下降,三种措施各有优缺点.几种前缘流动控制的实验研究@刘宝杰$北京航空航天大学404教研室!北京,1… 相似文献
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变工况非定常叶栅绕流数值仿真 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
采用离散涡方法数值仿真了不同来流攻角下,固定与动边界叶栅绕流。在设计工况时流动接近定常流动。而变 工况时流动具有明显的非定常特征。特别是当攻角较大时,流场中存在着激烈分离,流动具有不稳定性。分离流动与旋涡 的分布息息相关。当来流角从20°到60°逐渐增大时,前驻点从背面经前缘点向腹面移动。固定叶栅与振动叶栅时的绕流 有明显的不同。振动叶栅绕流,流体决不是简单地随叶栅作同样的振动。 相似文献
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利用压力传感器测量扑翼的瞬时力,利用数字粒子测速仪(digital particle image velocimetry,DPIV)系统测量扑翼的前缘涡以及周围的流场,来揭示前缘涡在不同间距下对扑翼平均推力的影响.实验在一个低Reynolds数循环水洞中进行,两串列扑翼均做二维正弦平动.在固定的相位差下,当间距增加时,后翅前缘涡对前翅的影响具有相似性,均提高或者均降低前翅的平均推力.前翅平均推力的提高是由于后翅的前缘涡提高了前翅尾部的射流速度以及有效攻角.随着间距的增加,后翅前缘涡对前翅的影响急剧下降,使得前翅的平均推力快速接近于单翼值.在固定的相位差下,当间距增加时,前翅的脱落涡对后翅的影响变化非常大,后翅的平均推力可能先升高后降低,这是因为间距改变了前翅脱落涡作用于后翅的时间点.当前翅脱落涡遇到后翅,并且和后翅的前缘涡有相同的旋转方向时,前翅的脱落涡会抑制后翅前缘涡的形成,并且后翅的有效攻角减小,其平均推力降低.如果这两个涡的旋转方向相反,那么后翅有效攻角就会增大,平均推力值就会提高. 相似文献
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通过PISO方法求解非定常不可压N-S方程,研究小展弦比反齐默曼机翼在低雷诺数下的流场特征,并分析其对气动特性的影响.结果显示前缘分离涡在反齐默曼机翼上表面形成一对集中涡.分析表明这对集中涡是影响反齐默曼机翼气动特性的主要因素,给机翼提供了较大的非线性升力和较大的失速攻角,前缘涡之间的相互影响使得机翼出现非定常现象和大攻角的非对称现象.与矩形翼相比,反齐默曼机翼有较好的稳定性. 相似文献
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小入射角条件下气动光学成像偏移 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
针对超声速飞行器在大气中飞行时由于气动光学效应产生的成像偏移,推导了光线偏折角和流场折射率梯度之间的关系,给出了小入射角情况下,离散折射率场光线偏折角的一种计算方法;利用不同流场的计算流体力学数据计算出对应的折射率场;使用光线追迹法得到光线通过不同流场后的偏折角和传播路径上的折射率梯度分布。仿真结果表明,新的偏折角计算方法所得结果在入射角小于30°时与Runge-Kutta和Snell光线追迹法具有很好的一致性;同一高度下小入射角时,光线的偏折角并不随着飞行速度的增加而增加,而是基本保持稳定;光线通过流场的偏折是正负折射率梯度区域共同作用的结果,负的折射率梯度区域可以减少光线偏折,起到部分"校正"作用。 相似文献
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非设计工况下1+1/2对转涡轮性能研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为了研究和改善1 1/2对转涡轮性能,本文对1 1/2对转涡轮两种转速下不同落压比共16种工况进行了数值研究,并与实验结果进行了对照.结果表明近设计工况下计算结果和实验值吻合较好.1 1/2对转涡轮出口背压对高压转子性能影响较小,对低压转子性能影响较大,这导致变工况下1 1/2对转涡轮高低压轴出功比变化较大.通过对某典型非设计工况和设计工况下的流场结构的分析发现非设计工况下1 1/2对转涡轮高压动叶中发生了明显的流动分离.高低压动叶不能很好地匹配,需要采取合理的流动控制措施去改善已有1 1/2对转涡轮的变工况性能. 相似文献
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The contrast mechanism for imaging molecular‐scale features on solid surfaces is described for X‐ray reflection interface microscopy (XRIM) through comparison of experimental images with model calculations and simulated measurements. Images of elementary steps show that image contrast is controlled by changes in the incident angle of the X‐ray beam with respect to the sample surface. Systematic changes in the magnitude and sign of image contrast are asymmetric for angular deviations of the sample from the specular reflection condition. No changes in image contrast are observed when defocusing the condenser or objective lenses. These data are explained with model structure‐factor calculations that reproduce all of the qualitative features observed in the experimental data. These results provide new insights into the image contrast mechanism, including contrast reversal as a function of incident angle, the sensitivity of image contrast to step direction (i.e. up versus down), and the ability to maximize image contrast at almost any scattering condition defined by the vertical momentum transfer, Qz. The full surface topography can then, in principle, be recovered by a series of images as a function of incident angle at fixed momentum transfer. Inclusion of relevant experimental details shows that the image contrast magnitude is controlled by the intersection of the reciprocal‐space resolution function (i.e. controlled by numerical aperture of the condenser and objective lenses) and the spatially resolved interfacial structure factor of the object being imaged. Together these factors reduce the nominal contrast for a step near the specular reflection condition to a value similar to that observed experimentally. This formalism demonstrates that the XRIM images derive from limited aperture contrast, and explains how non‐zero image contrast can be obtained when imaging a pure phase object corresponding to the interfacial topography. 相似文献
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低速压气机叶栅附面层分离的实验研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
本文利用表面热膜对某高负荷压气机叶片吸力面附面层的分离过程进行了实验研究,捕捉到了边界层分离点的位置及其随攻角的变化情况,给出了利用表面热膜测量的准壁面剪切应力米预判分离先兆和分离点位置的判据.同时,分析了 Re数对附面层分离特性的影响.结果表明:准壁面剪切应力及其均方根极小值对应的位置点是进入分离泡内的第一个测量点;在所有测量的工况条件下,表面热膜都捕捉到了吸力面附面层的长分离泡,并能准确捕捉到攻角所引起的分离点位置变化;低Re数下,Re数对附面层分离影响较小. 相似文献
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Chen Zhangjin a b Xu Kezun b Xu Fuxin aa Department of Physics Anhui Unviersity Hefei b Department of Modern Physics University of Science Technology of China Hefei 《原子与分子物理学报》1998,(3)
LOWENERGYTRIPLEDIFFERENTIALCROSSSECTIONSFORELECTRONIMPACTIONIZATIONOFHYDROGENChenZhangjina,bXuKezunbXuFuxinaaDepartmentofPhy... 相似文献
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大型轴流风机来流条件对内流影响的数值分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文对带有前后导叶以及复杂进气箱的大型轴流引风机的内流特性进行了全三维的数值计算,并且将其性能与实验数据进行了比较。研究捕捉了许多复杂的流动现象,说明部件之间的相互关联非常紧密。进气箱的复杂形状和不合理的轴套结构会增大流动的不稳定性和损失,并引起了下游流动的周向不均匀性。通过不同预选方案的对比,发现负预旋虽然加大了叶轮对气体的做功量,同时也增大了进口段全压损失且恶化了流场结构.另外,分析了前导叶位置对流动、性能的影响.为了提高数值计算的速度和精度,求解中采用了网格自适应和并行计算的技术. 相似文献
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EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF DIFFRACTIVE PROPERTIES OF WAVELENGTH-SIZED SINGLE GROOVES COATED WITH GOLD FILM 下载免费PDF全文
We have gained a very comprehensive set of results for infrared diffraction (10.6 μm wavelength) from fabricated single grooves of reflection with widths in the range of 5μm to 65μm. The experimental results show that the diffraction can still occur when the groove width becomes comparable to or less than the wavelength of the probing light. Variations of the diffraction intensities have a very regular sinusoidal relationship with the polarization angle of the incident light; and the diffraction intensities are the maximal when the incident light is TM polarized. However, the diffraction intensities will be a minimum when the incident light is TE polarized; and the bigger the diffraction angle, the higher the rate of change of the diffractive intensity with increasing polarization angle of the incident light. 相似文献
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Experimental results on convective heat transfer from a single cube on a flat surface are presented for different attack angles
to the incident flow and Reynolds numbers. The character of vortex formation and the effect of flow structure on heat transfer
at detached flow around a cube were studied by visualization. Local heat transfer and heat transfer averaged over the separate
faces and the whole lateral surface of the cube were studied. Contribution of separate cube faces to total heat transfer depending
on the attack angle was estimated. Data obtained were compared with those published in literature. The reasons for observed
differences caused by the effect of many factors: boundary layer thickness, turbulence level of the incident flow, channel
constraint, etc., are analysed. 相似文献