硅胶表面抗蚜威分子印迹聚甲基丙烯酸的制备及识别特性

通过γ-(甲基丙烯酰氧)丙基三甲氧基硅烷的媒介作用,将功能大分子聚甲基丙烯酸(PMAA)逐步接枝到硅胶微粒表面,形成了表面接枝聚甲基丙烯酸的硅胶微粒(PMAA/SiO2);以抗蚜威为模板分子、乙二醇二缩水甘油醚(EGDE)为交联剂,通过氢键和静电作用,对接枝到硅胶表面的PMAA进行分子印迹,制备了抗蚜威分子表面印迹材料硅胶表面分子印迹聚甲基丙烯酸MIP-PMAA/SiO2;采用静态与动态两种方法研究了 MIP-PMAA/SiO2 对抗蚜威的结合特性,并考察了主要印迹条件 pH、混合溶剂中乙醇含量以及交联剂用量对印迹材料结合选择性能的影响.结果表明:表面印迹材料 MIP-PMAA/SiO2对抗蚜威具有特异的结合选择性,相对于参比物残杀威,印迹前 PMAA/SiO2对抗蚜威的吸附选择系数为 1.52,而表面印迹材料 MIP-PMAA/SiO2 对抗蚜威的吸附选择系数提高到 12.2.另外该印迹材料具有优良的洗脱与再生性能.     

刷状结构的阳离子性接枝微粒QPDMAEMA/SiO_2对牛血清白蛋白的吸附特性

以微米级硅胶微粒为基质,通过接枝聚合和大分子反应,制备了具有刷状结构的阳离子性接枝微粒,深入研究了其对牛血清白蛋白(BSA)的强吸附能力、吸附机理和吸附热力学.首先使含叔胺基团的单体甲基丙烯酸二甲基氨基乙酯(DMAEMA)在硅胶微粒表面发生接枝聚合,制得接枝微粒PDMAEMA/SiO2,然后以氯乙胺为试剂,使接枝大分子PDMAEMA链中的叔胺基团发生季铵化反应,获得了具有刷状结构的阳离子聚电解质的功能接枝微粒QPDMAEMA/SiO2.测定了微粒QPDMAEMA/SiO2的zeta电位,实施了对BSA的等温吸附实验,考察了介质pH值、离子强度及温度对吸附作用的影响,研究了吸附热力学.研究结果表明,功能接枝微粒QPDMAEMA/SiO2比接枝微粒PDMAEMA/SiO2具有更高的zeta电位,在静电相互作用驱动下,微粒QPDMAEMA/SiO2对BSA具有很强的吸附能力.吸附容量随介质pH值的增大呈现先增大后减小的变化趋势,当pH值等于BSA的等电点(pI=4.7)时,具有最高的吸附容量(高达112 mg?g-1).以等电点为界,离子强度对吸附容量会产生完全相反的影响作用:当介质pH值小于BSA的等电点时,电解质浓度增大,吸附容量增高;当介质pH值等于BSA的等电点时,吸附容量几乎不随电解质的浓度发生变化.吸附过程熵值减小而且放出热量,是一个焓驱动的吸附过程.     

3,5-二硝基苯甲酸酯基改性的HEMA/NVP交联微球对肌酐的吸附特性与吸附机理

制备了平均粒径为180μm的甲基丙烯酸β-羟乙酯(HEMA)与N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮(NVP)交联共聚物微球(HEMA/NVP),使用3,5-二硝基苯甲酰氯(DNBC)对其进行了化学改性,制得了表面键合有大量3,5-二硝基苯甲酸酯基(DNBZ)的功能微球DNBZ-HEMA/NVP;采用红外光谱(FTIR)与化学分析法对其化学结构及组成进行了表征;重点研究了功能微球DNBZ-HEMA/NVP对肌酐的吸附特性与吸附机理.静态吸附实验表明,DNBZ-HEMA/NVP对肌酐具有强的吸附作用,交联微球HEMA/NVP经DNBC化学改性后,对肌酐的吸附容量提高了20倍;DNBZ-HEMA/NVP对肌酐的吸附性能受介质pH值及盐度的影响很大;当pH值较小或较大时,吸附容量都较低,pH=8.5时,吸附容量最大;介质的盐度越大,吸附容量越小.研究结果表明,DNBZ-HEMA/NVP对肌酐的吸附属化学吸附,而且是静电相互作用驱动下的化学吸附.     

接枝微球PMAA-HEMA/NVP对溶菌酶的吸附行为与吸附机理

采用反相悬浮聚合法制备了甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯(HEMA)与N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮(NVP)的交联共聚微球HEMA/NVP,然后采用"接出"法,实施了甲基丙烯酸(MAA)在交联微球表面的接枝聚合,制得了接枝微球PMAA-HEMA/NVP.以溶菌酶(LYZ)为模型碱性蛋白,深入研究了接枝微球PMAA-HEMA/NVP对碱性蛋白的吸附性能与吸附机理.测定了微球PMAA-HEMA/NVP的zeta电位,考察了PMAA接枝度、介质pH值及离子强度等因素对体系吸附性能的影响.结果表明,在较大的pH范围内,接枝微球PMAA-HEMA/NVP的zeta电位为绝对值较大的负值,即其表面携带有高密度的负电荷.在强静电相互作用的驱动下,接枝微球PMAA-HEMA/NVP对溶菌酶表现出很强的吸附能力.随介质pH值的增高,接枝微球对溶菌酶的吸附容量呈现先增大后减小的变化趋势,在与溶菌酶等电点接近的pH值处(pH=9),具有最大的吸附容量(90mg.g-1);离子强度对接枝微球的吸附能力也有较大的影响,当pH9时,溶菌酶吸附容量随NaCl浓度的增高而减小;当pH9时,吸附容量随NaCl浓度的增高而增大.     

接枝微粒PMAA/SiO2对胆红素吸附性能的研究

采用溶液聚合法将甲基丙烯酸(MAA)接枝于硅胶微粒表面,制得了接枝微粒PMAA/SiO2；并通过静态吸附实验研究了该功能微粒对胆红素的吸附性能,考察了介质pH值、离子强度及温度等因素对吸附性能的影响,研究了在牛血清白蛋白(BSA)存在下该微粒的吸附性能.静态吸附实验结果表明,接枝微粒PMAA/SiO2对胆红素具有较强吸...     

刷状结构的阳离子性接枝微粒QPDMAEMA/SiO2对牛血清白蛋白的吸附特性

以微米级硅胶微粒为基质, 通过接枝聚合和大分子反应, 制备了具有刷状结构的阳离子性接枝微粒, 深入研究了其对牛血清白蛋白(BSA)的强吸附能力、吸附机理和吸附热力学. 首先使含叔胺基团的单体甲基丙烯酸二甲基氨基乙酯(DMAEMA)在硅胶微粒表面发生接枝聚合, 制得接枝微粒PDMAEMA/SiO₂, 然后以氯乙胺为试剂, 使接枝大分子PDMAEMA链中的叔胺基团发生季铵化反应, 获得了具有刷状结构的阳离子聚电解质的功能接枝微粒QPDMAEMA/SiO₂. 测定了微粒QPDMAEMA/SiO₂的zeta 电位, 实施了对BSA的等温吸附实验, 考察了介质pH值、离子强度及温度对吸附作用的影响, 研究了吸附热力学. 研究结果表明, 功能接枝微粒QPDMAEMA/SiO₂ 比接枝微粒PDMAEMA/SiO₂ 具有更高的zeta 电位, 在静电相互作用驱动下, 微粒QPDMAEMA/SiO₂对BSA具有很强的吸附能力. 吸附容量随介质pH值的增大呈现先增大后减小的变化趋势,当pH值等于BSA的等电点(pI=4.7)时, 具有最高的吸附容量(高达112 mg·g^-1). 以等电点为界, 离子强度对吸附容量会产生完全相反的影响作用: 当介质pH值小于BSA的等电点时, 电解质浓度增大, 吸附容量增高; 当介质pH值等于BSA的等电点时, 吸附容量几乎不随电解质的浓度发生变化. 吸附过程熵值减小而且放出热量,是一个焓驱动的吸附过程.     

胺基化PGMA交联微球对胆红素的吸附机理

通过胺基与环氧键之间的开环反应, 用己二胺及多乙烯多胺等小分子胺化试剂对聚甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯(PGMA)交联微球进行了化学改性, 制得了胺基化的PGMA交联微球, 研究了该功能微球对胆红素的吸附特性, 考察了胺化试剂的分子结构、介质pH值、离子强度及温度等因素对其吸附性能的影响, 较深入地研究了吸附机理. 实验结果表明, 胺基化微球对胆红素具有强吸附作用, 吸附容量可达17.80 mg·g-1, 等温吸附服从Freundlich方程. 胺基化微球与胆红素分子之间的作用力以静电相互作用为主, 同时也存在氢键作用与疏水相互作用. 在pH 值为6 的介质中二者之间的静电作用最强, 胆红素吸附容量最高. 高离子强度不利于静电相互作用, 盐度增大使吸附容量减小. 温度升高有利于疏水相互作用而不利于氢键作用, 两种作用中占优势者主导温度对吸附容量的影响. 用己二胺改性的微球, 由于疏水相互作用的强化以及较长连接臂导致较小的空间位阻, 使其对胆红素的吸附能力明显高于多乙烯多胺改性的微球.     

表面引发接枝聚合法制备抗蚜威分子表面印迹材料及其分子识别与结合特性研究

基于表面引发接枝聚合,设计与建立了一种新的分子表面印迹(MIP)方法.先使用偶联剂γ-氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷(AMPS)对微米级硅胶微粒进行表面改性,制得改性硅胶AMPS-SiO2;在酸性水溶液体系中,凭借强静电相互作用,阴离子单体对苯乙烯磺酸钠(PSSS)被结合在模板分子抗蚜威周围;改性硅胶AMPS-SiO2表面的氨基与溶液中的过硫酸盐构成氧化还原引发体系,在硅胶微粒表面产生自由基,引发结合在模板分子周围的SSS及交联剂甲基双丙烯酰胺(MBA)在硅胶微粒表面发生接枝交联聚合,从而实现了抗蚜威分子的表面印迹,制得了抗蚜威分子表面印迹材料MIP-PSSS/SiO2.以残杀威为对比物,采用静态与动态两种方法,考察研究了分子表面印迹材料MIP-PSSS/SiO2对抗蚜威的分子识别特性与结合性能.研究结果表明,印迹材料MIP-PSSS/SiO2对抗蚜威分子具有特异的识别选择性与优良的结合亲和性,相对于残杀威分子,MIP-PSSS/SiO2对抗蚜威分子的识别选择性系数为9.373,显示出高的分子识别选择性.     

阳离子单体DAC及其聚合物与牛血清白蛋白之间的相互作用

以紫外吸收光谱和荧光发射光谱为手段,研究了阳离子单体丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵(DAC)与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)之间的相互作用。采用表面引发接枝聚合法制备了接枝微粒SiO2-g-PDAC,探索研究了接枝大分子PDAC与BSA之间的相互作用及作用机理。研究结果表明:在水溶液中,单体DAC与BSA之间可产生强静电相互作用,凭借此强次价键力,单体DAC与BSA可形成主-客体复合物,且在中性溶液中,单体DAC与BSA之间的静电相互作用最强。接枝大分子PDAC与BSA之间也具有强静电相互作用,接枝微粒SiO2-g-PDAC对BSA可产生强吸附作用。当介质的pH在BSA的等电点(4.7)附近时,接枝微粒对BSA的吸附容量最大;升高温度不利于主-客体之间的静电相互作用,接枝微粒对BSA的吸附容量随温度升高而降低。     

快速pH响应丝胶/聚甲基丙烯酸互穿网络水凝胶的合成及表征

采用同步互穿网络方法制备丝胶蛋白(SS)/聚甲基丙烯酸(PMAA)为组分的互穿网络(IPN)水凝胶. 研究了互穿网络水凝胶对介质pH的刺激响应性能. 结果表明, IPN水凝胶具有强烈的pH刺激响应性能. 在pH=9.2的缓冲溶液中, -COOH解离成 -COO^-, 渗透压与网络之间的静电排斥作用导致IPN的溶胀度增大; 当pH减小时, 溶胀度随之减小. IPN水凝胶具有快速退溶胀速率及可逆溶胀-收缩性能.     

Studies of Imprinting Conditions and Application Performance of Pirimicarb Molecule-Imprinted Material Prepared Using a Novel Surface-Imprinting Technique

Methacrylic acid (MAA) was graft-polymerized on to the surface of silica gel particles in the “grafting from” manner, resulting in grafted PMAA/SiO₂ particles. By adopting the novel surface molecular imprinting technique proposed by us not long ago, pirimicarb molecule-imprinted material MIP-PMAA/SiO₂ was prepared with ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether (EGGE) as crosslinking agent. The effects of imprinting conditions, for example pH of the medium, solvent composition, and reactant ratio, on the recognition selectivity of MIP-PMAA/SiO₂ for pirimicarb relative to the analog, propoxur, were examined, and the optimum imprinting conditions were determined. The dependence of the rebinding ability of MIP-PMAA/SiO₂ for pirimicarb on the performance conditions, for example pH and salinity of the medium, were also studied. The experimental results showed that optimum imprinting conditions for preparing pirimicarb molecule-imprinted MIP-PMAA/SiO₂ material with high recognition selectivity were: solvent pH 8, mixed solvent composition 1:1 (v/v) ethanol to water, and 3:1 reactant molar ratio of carboxyl groups of the grafted PMAA to the crosslinking agent EGGE. This reactant ratio is consistent with the speculated mode of intermolecular interaction between the grafted functional macromolecule PMAA and the template pirimicarb. The rebinding ability of MIP-PMAA/SiO₂ for pirimicarb is highly dependent on the performance conditions. At medium pH 8, MIP-PMAA/SiO₂ has the strongest binding ability for pirimicarb because this condition results in the greatest the number of active sites inside the imprinted cavities suitable for the binding of pirimicarb. A saline, i.e., high ionic strength, medium is disadvantageous to rebinding ability of MIP-PMAA/SiO₂ for pirimicarb.     

Studies of Imprinting Conditions and Application Performance of Pirimicarb Molecule-Imprinted Material Prepared Using a Novel Surface-Imprinting Technique

Methacrylic acid (MAA) was graft-polymerized on to the surface of silica gel particles in the “grafting from” manner, resulting in grafted PMAA/SiO₂ particles. By adopting the novel surface molecular imprinting technique proposed by us not long ago, pirimicarb molecule-imprinted material MIP-PMAA/SiO₂ was prepared with ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether (EGGE) as crosslinking agent. The effects of imprinting conditions, for example pH of the medium, solvent composition, and reactant ratio, on the recognition selectivity of MIP-PMAA/SiO₂ for pirimicarb relative to the analog, propoxur, were examined, and the optimum imprinting conditions were determined. The dependence of the rebinding ability of MIP-PMAA/SiO₂ for pirimicarb on the performance conditions, for example pH and salinity of the medium, were also studied. The experimental results showed that optimum imprinting conditions for preparing pirimicarb molecule-imprinted MIP-PMAA/SiO₂ material with high recognition selectivity were: solvent pH 8, mixed solvent composition 1:1 (v/v) ethanol to water, and 3:1 reactant molar ratio of carboxyl groups of the grafted PMAA to the crosslinking agent EGGE. This reactant ratio is consistent with the speculated mode of intermolecular interaction between the grafted functional macromolecule PMAA and the template pirimicarb. The rebinding ability of MIP-PMAA/SiO₂ for pirimicarb is highly dependent on the performance conditions. At medium pH 8, MIP-PMAA/SiO₂ has the strongest binding ability for pirimicarb because this condition results in the greatest the number of active sites inside the imprinted cavities suitable for the binding of pirimicarb. A saline, i.e., high ionic strength, medium is disadvantageous to rebinding ability of MIP-PMAA/SiO₂ for pirimicarb.

     

介孔C/SiO2粉体的制备及对阳离子型染料的吸附

采用吸附法处理染料废水需要合适的吸附剂。利用溶剂蒸发自组装法,以甲阶酚醛树脂为碳源、介孔SiO2粉体为载体制备介孔C/SiO2粉体,表征所制C/SiO2粉体的结构,研究C/SiO2粉体对阳离子型染料亚甲基蓝和阳离子红X-GRL的吸附性能,并与相同条件下制备的非负载的多孔C粉体以及介孔SiO2载体进行比较。结果表明,介孔C/SiO2粉体的孔窗口为11~18 nm,比表面积为303 m2.g-1,比孔容为1.11 cm3.g-1;C/SiO2粉体对这两种染料吸附量均高于C粉体和SiO2载体;在pH≤10的范围内,吸附量随pH值增大而显著提高。     

Adsorption of monoclonal IgG on polystyrene microspheres

In this paper the adsorption of a monoclonal antibody IgG-1 isotype against HBsAg onto positively and negatively charged polystyrene beads has been studied. To determine the role played by electrostatic forces in the adsorption process different pH values were used. It was confirmed that the affinity of adsorption isotherms depends on the electrostatic interaction between protein and polymer surface. The maximum adsorption amount is located around the i.e.p. of the dissolved protein, and decreases markedly as pH moves away. Thus, the major driving force for adsorption of monoclonal antibodies on polystyrene beads comes from the hydrophobic interaction between the antibody molecules and the adsorbent surface. Desorption of preadsorbed IgG molecules by increasing ionic strength has shown that the positively charged polystyrene is also more hydrophobic in character than the negatively charged one. Finally, electrokinetic experiments have determined that the electric double layer (e.d.l.) of monoclonal antibody changes as the consequence of adsorbing on charged polymer surfaces.     

Swelling of poly(methacrylic acid) gels and adsorption of L-lysine and its polymer on the gels

Poly (methacrylic acid) gels (PMAA gels) of various degrees of crosslinking were prepared and the dissociation behavior of these gels was examined; the swelling behavior was investigated as a function of the solution pH values. A reentrant phenomenon of swelling was observed and interpreted based on the Flory-Huggins equation and the Donnan equilibrium formula. Moreover, adsorption of L-lysine, oligo(L-lysine)s (Lys-n,n=3, 9, and 19) and poly(L-lysine) onto PMAA gels from aqueous solutions was investigated under different conditions of pH and concentration of adsorbate. The adsorption ratio of L-lysine onto PMAA gel is dependent on both the pH of solution and the degree of crosslinking. In a pH range between 8 and 9, the protonated form of L-lysine is strongly adsorbed on the PMAA gel by electrostatic interactions. Oligomers and polymer of L-lysine are adsorbed in a somewhat different way from the monomeric L-lysine. In addition, the desorption behavior of L-lysine from PMAA gels by a change in pH was also investigated.     

乙二胺硅胶复合材料对Zn2+的吸附特性

以γ-氯丙基三氯硅烷为偶联剂,将乙二胺偶合接枝在硅胶表面,合成对锌离子具有吸附作用的乙二胺硅胶复合材料（EDA/SiO2）,考察了Zn2+溶液pH值、初始浓度、吸附温度和吸附时间等因素对复合材料吸附性能的影响。 结果表明,在研究的溶液浓度及温度范围内,Zn2+溶液pH值对EDA/SiO2的吸附量影响显著,吸附的最佳pH值范围在3.0~5.5;Zn2+的吸附平衡数据符合Langmuir吸附模型,热力学数据显示,EDA/SiO2对Zn2+的吸附行为为一吸热且自发进行的过程,升高温度有利于吸附,并对此吸附行为作了解释;吸附动力学数据可用拟二级吸附动力学方程描述,得到的吸附速率常数与溶液初始浓度有关。     

Permeation of particle through a four-helix-bundle model channel

By using molecular dynamics simulation, the dynamic behaviors of particle permeation through a four-helix-bundle model channel are studied. The interior cavity of the four-helix-bundle provides the "routes" for particle permeation. The main structural properties of the model channel are similar to those that appear in natural four-helix-bundle proteins. It is found that the interior structure of the model channel may greatly influence the permeation process. At the narrow necks of the model channel, the particle would be trapped during the permeation. There is a threshold value for the driving force. When the driving force is larger than this threshold value, the mean first permeation time decreases sharply and tends to be saturated. Increasing the temperature of either the model channel or the particle reservoir can also facilitate the permeation. Enhancing the interaction strength between the particle and monomer on the four-helix-bundle model chain will hinder the permeation. Hence, the electrical current which is induced by the particle permeation is a function of the driving force and temperature. It is found that this current increases monotonically as the strength of the driving force or the temperature increases, but decreases as the interaction strength between the particle and monomer increases. It is also found that the larger the friction coefficient, the slower the permeation is. In addition, the multiparticle (or multi-ion) permeation process is also studied. The permeation of multiparticle is usually quicker than that of the single particle. The permeation of particle through a five-helix-bundle shows similar properties as that through a four-helix-bundle.     

Antibacterial thermoplastic polyurethane electrospun fiber mats prepared by 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane-assisted adsorption of Ag nanoparticles

Antibacterial thermoplastic polyurethane(TPU) electrospun fiber mats were prepared by adsorption of Ag nanoparticles(Ag NPs) onto TPU/3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane(APS) co-electrospun fiber mats from silver sol. The use of APS can functionalize TPU fibers with amino groups, facilitating the adsorption of Ag NPs. The effects of p H of silver sol and APS content on Ag NP adsorption and antibacterial activity were investigated. Ag NP adsorption was evidenced by TEM, XPS and TGA. Significant Ag NP adsorption occurred at p H = 3-5. The main driving force for Ag NP adsorption is electrostatic interaction between ―NH3~+ of the fibers and ―COO-derived from the ―COOH group capped on the surfaces of Ag NPs. The antibacterial activity of the Ag NP-decorated TPU/APS fiber mats was investigated using both gram-negative Escherichia coli and gram-positive Bacillus subtilis. The antibacterial rate increases with increasing APS content up to 5% where the antibacterial rates against both types of bacteria are over 99.9%.