岩石变形中的能量传递过程与岩石变形动力学分析

本文运用岩石变形过程中不同传递方式的能量变化,在岩石的显微变形机制分为两大类的基础之上,将岩石变形方式分为三大类型。根据岩石变形动力学特点,建立了岩石变形动力学数学模型,得出了数学模型的微分方程定性解与岩石变形方式的关系,指出在一些岩石变形过程中可能存在时空有序的耗散结构,所得出的结论与实际岩石变形结果或过程一致。     

宁镇山脉古生代与三叠纪沉积岩的重磁化研究

本文通过岩石磁学结合有效的古地磁检验方法,对宁镇山脉古生代与三叠纪岩石进行了专门的岩石重磁化研究,发现了该区岩石多期重磁化的证据,并将重磁化分为:(1)古生代重磁化;(2)印支期重磁化;(3)燕山期重磁化;探讨了各期重磁化与相关时代构造运动的相互关系。     

电感耦合高频等离子炬固体粉末法测定岩石中的稀土元素

电感耦合高频等离子炬(简称ICP)用于分析岩石矿物目前多数采用溶液进样,为适应岩石矿物样品多为固体粉末的特点,参照云南地质局实验室研制的固体粉末进样装置,自行设计制造了一个固体粉末进样装置,并用于分析测定岩石中的稀土元素。其灵敏度比溶液进样法有显著提高,精密度能满足要求,为岩石中稀土元素的测定提供了一种新的分析方法。     

香花岭岩的研究

本文在野外与室内研究工作的基础上,对湖南临武香花岭地区原名“细晶岩”或“蚀变细晶岩“的“431岩脉”的岩石名称提出了异议,并对其进行了地质产状、岩石结构构造、岩石化学及矿物组合特征的研究.除简要介绍了香花岭岩的各种重要特征外,还将与之近似的岩石,如翁贡岩、黄英岩等作了分析对比,最后,并对其成因问题作了初步探讨。     

河南登封至鲁山地区大陆地壳剖面磁性结构研究

本文测试了河南登封至鲁山地区出露的大陆地壳剖面岩石系统的磁学参数,并结合岩石的矿物、化学成分及密度、纵波波速等测试结果进行分析。研究表明,剖面内岩石自早元古代安沟群经晚太古代的登封群至太华群,随着变质等级(或地壳断面的视深度)的增加,磁化率K、天然剩磁J_n及饱和等温剩磁J_r也普遍增加。绿片岩相的安沟群及角闪岩相登封群的变沉积岩与变泥质岩呈现明显的顺磁性特征,其它岩石以亚铁磁性为主。太华群岩石的磁性代表了地壳断面内下地壳岩石的磁性分布,其K,J_n和J_r的平均值分别为6680×10~(-6)SI,0.166A/m及71.78A/m。这些结果与世界上几个出露的高级变质地体岩石磁性的研究结果吻合得很好。     

中国东南部新生代火山岩系——Ⅰ.岩石化学

本文详细地讨论了我国东南部新生代火山岩的时代和空间分布,以及它们的岩石化学特征。它们是碱质的和非碱质的。除了台湾北部更新世钙碱性火山岩和台湾东海岸山脉晚第三纪拉斑玄武质岩石以外,以碱性玄武质岩石形成主体。海丰-政和-上虞断裂带以西的内陆只有碱性和强碱性玄武岩和超基性火山岩。新生代火山岩的岩石化学性质显示了随时间和空间明显变化的趋势这表明它们的形成明显地受大地构造环境所控制。     

基于强化界面润湿调控的多羟基苯磺酸盐驱油剂的合成与性能评价

通过调控原油-岩石界面润湿性进而提高采收率是油田高效开发的重要思路.现有阴离子表面活性剂改变岩石表面润湿性能力有限,研发强化界面润湿调控性能的新型驱油剂具有重要应用意义.本工作合成了一种新型表面活性剂二羟甲基十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDDBS),通过红外和核磁进行结构表征,探究了SDDBS在亲油岩石表面的吸附行为、降低油水界...     

数智物联岩石力学背包实验室的自主创新

简要阐述了岩石力学试验装备的发展历史,介绍数智物联岩石力学背包实验室自主创新历程,重点总结了该设备相较于传统设备存在的优势.数智物联岩石力学背包实验室能够大幅度提升工作效率与信息化水平,工作现场更具便捷化和智能化.背包实验室的新理念,为实际工程提供新思路,相较传统试验更节约时间成本、人员成本、材料成本,是工程仪器未来的...     

青藏高原及邻区富碱侵入岩——以苦干子和太和二岩体为例

根据暗色造岩矿物、岩石化学成分和微量元素等,将本区富碱侵入岩分为2个系列:(1)钠质碱性系列岩石,为含碱性暗色矿物(霓辉石、霓石、钠闪石)碱性岩和碱性花岗岩,岩石化学成分富碱、富钠和贫钙以及Sr,Ba丰度低;(2)钾质碱性系列岩石,为含非碱性暗色矿物(透辉石、浅闪石)碱性岩和碱性花岗岩,岩石化学成分富碱、高钾和富钙以及Sr,Ba丰度高。     

我国富碱侵入岩的岩石学和岩石化学特征

在研究我国40余个富碱侵入岩体基础上,按碱性花岗岩、正长岩以及霞石正长岩3类分别总结了它们的岩石学和岩石化学特点。将我国富碱侵入岩划分为6个岩石组合,并讨论了岩石成因特征。富碱侵入岩呈线型分布,受深断裂控制,具深源浅成属性,岩性与幔源物质受下地壳混染程度有关,碱性花岗岩受混染作用强,云霞质霞石正长岩最弱,钠质霞石正长岩介于其间。     

Preparation and properties of polyurethane networks based on α,ω-difunctional poly(hexafluoropropylene oxide)

Poly(hexafluoropropylene oxide), poly(HFPO), networks were prepared from functional polymers by end linking via urethane groups. The prepolymers were characterized by NMR spectroscopy and GPC. The networks were characterized by determination of the number of network chains from the shear modulus, and were snown to contain both trifunctional crosslinks and difunctional links. The properties of the networks were investigated by a range of techniques. Compared with fully-fluorinated networks formed via triazine cross-links, investigated previously, the urethane-linked networks were more readily prepared but were poorer elastomers, were less thermally stable, and were less resistant to swelling by common polar solvents. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

云南菊科中草药中铅含量特征分析

论述了云南２７种菊科中草药及其水提取物中铅含量的特征。菊科植物及水提物中铅含量的频数分布为正偏态,两者的相关系数ｒ＝０．０９,未呈现显著的线性相关。提取率较高的山紫苑、佩兰、木香铅实际含量低;铅含量高的叶下花、狭叶兔耳风、臭灵丹提取率又较低,减少了人体对Ｐｂ的过量摄入。     

膜催化研究II. 多孔无要膜的制备与表征及其反应器对甲醇脱氢反应的促进作用

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了多孔氧化铝膜, 并通过DSC、TGA、SEM、N~2吸附和气体透过率测定等手段, 对膜的性能进行了表征。结果表明, 用这种方法制备的多孔氧化铝膜是一种均匀无裂痕和具有较窄孔径分布(约4nm)的膜材料。将此多孔氧化铝膜制成膜反应器后, 用于甲醇催化脱氢制甲醛的反应, 发现甲醇转化率比常规反应器有较大幅度的提高。同时首次尝试采用溶胶-凝胶法将催化活性组分直接负载到多孔氧化铝膜上, 从而得到了一种具有催化活性的多孔膜, 并考察了它的反应活性。文中对由这两种多孔膜及钯/陶瓷复合膜制成的反应器的特点进行了比较。     

IClO2异构化反应机理及电子密度拓扑研究

利用密度泛函理论方法研究了IClO2异构化反应机理. 优化得到了七种异构体, 其中OIClO和IClOO还未见报道, 对各异构体的热力学稳定性进行了比较. 找到了异构化过程的过渡态, 并通过内禀反应坐标(IRC)计算确认了各个异构体之间的相互转化关系. 从量子拓扑学的角度, 对典型异构化反应通道IRC途径上的各点进行了电子密度拓扑分析, 讨论了反应过程中化学键的断裂、生成以及化学键的变化规律, 找到了反应途径上的能量过渡态(ETS)和结构过渡态(STS).     

Reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic, gel electrophoretic and size exclusion chromatographic studies of subunit structure of arachin and its molecular species

Arachin and its molecular species (arachin I and arachin II) were separated and isolated. The number and kind of subunits of arachin, arachin I and arachin II were determined. Studies were carried out under different experimental conditions using slab gel electrophoresis, size-exclusion chromatography and reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. Gel electrophoresis was done under varying concentrations of resolving gel. Tube gel as well as slab gel electrophoresis were used and continuous as well as discontinuous buffer systems were used for both types of electrophoresis. In addition, the subunits were separated by reversed-phase HPLC using a gradient program. Arachin and arachin II were found to have 12 subunits each while arachin I showed six subunits. The subunits of arachin I were allowed to reconstitute by removing SDS. Eight combinations were tried for studying the reconstitution pattern. Molecular weight and weight ratio in each case were also determined.     

南瓜籽烘烤前后化学成分的分析

对烘烤前后南瓜籽中的化学成分进行分析并对比。采用同时蒸馏萃取装置萃取南瓜籽中的挥发性成分,采取超临界CO2萃取技术萃取南瓜籽油脂,并将其分为酸、碱、中性三个部分,用气相色谱-质谱联用方法分析其中化学成分并进行对比。结果表明,南瓜籽挥发性成分中含有多种醛类和酯类化合物,烘烤后产生了大量的烷基吡嗪,其在碱性部分中的相对含量比烘烤前提高14倍多,不饱和醛类化合物含量也有明显提高。南瓜籽油脂中的主要化学成分是油酸、亚油酸及其酯类。还含有生物活性功能成分如植物甾醇、角鲨烯和维生素E等。烘烤后除角鲨烯含量有所降低,维生素E、植物甾醇、亚麻酸等均有提高。     

电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法测定玻纤滤筒中金属元素本底值的预处理方法探讨

探讨了不同预处理方法对国产玻纤滤筒本底值的降低效果,便于废气样品的分析测定。分别对空白滤筒、热硝酸、硝酸+硫酸和硝酸+EDTA、HCl处理后的滤筒进行分析,测得滤筒中金属元素的含量;对处理效果较好的一批滤筒进行空白加标,考察加标回收率,全程用电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICPMS)法对样品进行测定,结果发现空白滤筒中部分金属元素含量较高;热硝酸处理后,滤筒本底中铅含量有所降低,但其它元素去除效果不显著;硝酸+硫酸处理后,滤筒中铅含量剧增;硝酸+EDTA处理滤筒,铅可以得到较好的去除效果,大部分金属元素含量有了明显降低;基于HCl对金属有较好的溶出效果,浸泡可较好地降低滤筒中金属元素的含量,但大量氯离子存在对ICP-MS法测定的干扰较大。对硝酸+EDTA处理后的滤筒进行空白加标,大部分金属元素加标回收率75%。故以硝酸+EDTA处理玻纤滤筒可以使国产玻纤滤筒适用于废气样品的分析。     

Manipulation of protein fingerprints during on-column fluorescent labeling: protein fingerprinting of six Staphylococcus species by capillary electrophoresis

Bacterial proteomes were analyzed by use of electrophoretically mediated microanalysis (EMMA) and field-enhanced stacking. A water-soluble protein fraction was injected onto a capillary. Next, a fluorogenic reagent was injected and allowed to react with the protein mixture, producing fluorescent products that were separated by submicellar capillary electrophoresis and detected by laser-induced fluorescence. By use of a low-ionic strength sample buffer and a brief electrophoretic step, slow moving anionic proteins were stacked at the reagent-sample interface and were preferentially labeled. By reversing the order of sample injection and labeling reagent, fast moving cationic proteins were preferentially labeled. By adjustment of the sample buffer pH, proteins with different isoelectric points were selectively labeled. Electrophoresis fingerprints were generated for the water-soluble protein fraction from six Staphylococcus species. The protein patterns produced were species-specific and were used to construct a phylogenetic tree.     

Analyse d'echantillons de cobalt par spectrometrie gamma directe apres irradiation au moyen de protons de 10 mev

Proton activation is applied to the analysis of cobalt samples; 41 elements were only occassionally detected. For the other elements, detection limits were irradiation with 10-MeV protons. Samples from two commercial Companies were analysed: Fe and Cu were always detected, while Ca, Ti, Cr, Zn, As, Se and Mo were only occasionally detected. For the other elements, detection limits were calculated; 33 limits are below the part per million level.     

Vibrational spectroscopic study on 2-[2-(4-dipropylamino-phenyl)-vinyl]-1,3,3-trimethyl-3H-indolium chloride

A new styryl dye were prepared, 2-[2-(4-dipropylamino-phenyl)-vinyl]-1,3,3-trimethyl-3H-indolium chloride (DPPTVI) chloride. Its infrared and Raman were measured. Quantum chemical calculations were computed for both the isolated and the solute cation. Optimized geometry, atomic net charges were calculated. The calculated vibrational frequencies were scaled to the experimental ones. Only 12 scale factors were used for the scaling of 174 vibrational modes. Based on these results, normal coordinate analysis were carried out for both the isolated and the solute cations. Infrared and Raman spectra were simulated. The results for the isolated and the solute cations were compared.