磁电弹性体中纳米孔边任意位置贯穿裂纹的解析解

本文研究了反平面机械载荷、面内电载荷和面内磁载荷作用下磁电弹材料中含有纳米尺度孔边任意位置贯穿裂纹的Ⅲ型断裂力学性能.基于Gurtin-Murdoch表面弹性理论考虑纳米缺陷(孔洞和裂纹)的表面效应,利用磁电弹理论和复变弹性理论获得了纳米缺陷表面为磁电不可通条件下磁电弹场的精确解,给出了贯穿裂纹两端裂尖的磁电弹场强因子的解析表达.所得结果与已有研究比较说明了本文方法的有效性.讨论了裂纹位置、裂纹相互作用与施加多物理场载荷对无量纲磁电弹场强因子的影响.结果表明：贯穿裂纹裂尖的无量纲磁电弹场强因子尺寸效应显著;缺陷表面效应对裂纹耦合尖端场的影响受裂纹位置的制约;无量纲磁电弹场强因子受贯穿裂纹两端的裂纹长度比与施加力电磁载荷的显著影响.     

平面热弹性问题的边界元分析

本文利用位移法由平面热弹性问题的基本方程出发,简要地叙述了边界积分方程的建立及离散化手法,导出了由边界上的位移和表面力直接计算边界应力的公式。作为数值计算例,计算了圆形区域,同心圆区域和具有偏心圆孔的圆形区域的热应力。计算结果与解析解或实验结果进行了比较,两者相当吻合。计算表明,边界元法对求解平面热弹性问题十分有效.本文也适用于有体积力的平面弹性问题.     

多层材料结构的界面裂纹尖端复应力强度因子

本文建立了一种多层材料复合结构的界面裂纹问题分析模型。当两种材料之间插入第三种薄层弹性材料，裂纹位于第三种材料与第一或第二种弹性材料的界面上，且插页材料３＾＃的厚度相对于裂纹尺寸或平面内其他尺寸很小时，可以得到该问题裂纹尖端的复应力强度因子通式。本文用有限元法对结果进行了数值验证，并进行了有关问题的讨论。     

磁电弹性圆锥顶端作用集中荷载的解析解

当磁电弹性材料特征根互异时，用5个势函数表示的通解出发，对圆锥顶端作用集中扭矩Mx的扭转、集中力Px和点电荷Q的压缩、集中力Px和集中力矩My的弯曲变形问题，用一些调和函数的线性组合分别构造了势函数，并根据边界条件求出了势函数中的待定系数从而确定势函数，再将势函数代入通解得到磁电弹性圆锥顶端作用集中载荷时的位移、电势、磁势、应力、电位移和磁感应强度的三维解析解。此解形式简单便于应用。当圆锥角2α=π时，可退化得到半空间问题的解。     

磁电复合材料的力学实验与理论研究进展

磁电复合材料同时具备铁磁、铁电性,并且具有磁电耦合效应,在新型磁电器件、自旋电子器件、高性能信息存储等领域有着广泛的应用前景,已成为目前功能材料领域新的研究热点。本文对磁电复合材料在力电磁多场耦合下的力学行为研究的最新进展进行总结和回顾。着重介绍磁电复合材料的磁电耦合效应实验以及多场耦合微纳米力学实验仪器的研制和表征方法。同时,也阐述了磁电复合材料在多场耦合本构理论、失效断裂理论以及多尺度计算方面的研究进展。最后,总结已有研究存在的不足,就目前有待解决科学问题的进一步研究提出建议。     

非线弹性平面杆系的应力应变分析

以指数函数近似表示非线弹性材料的应力-应变关系, 推导出了非线弹性材料平面杆系结构应力应变计算的普遍表达式, 编制了通用程序, 使这一类问题有了一个通用的解题方法.     

非线弹性平面杆系的应力应变分析

以指数函数近似表示非线弹性材料的应力－应交关系,推导出了非线弹性材料平面杆系结构应力应变计算的普遍表达式,编制了通用程序,使这一类问题有了一个通用的解题方法．     

不同模量弹性问题理论及有限元法研究进展

随着科学技术的日益发展，对材料力学性质的研究提出了更高的要求，研制新型的材料以及挖掘材料自身特性的潜力，已成为新的研究动向．简述了不同模量弹性问题理论及其有限元法的研究与发展．利用等效的概念，对Ambartsumyan有限元计算模型、Jones有限元计算模型、张允真等有限元计算模型、叶志明等计算模型进行改进和探讨．通过不同模量弹性理论及其有限元方法在实际工程构件问题分析中的应用表明，若沿用相同模量弹性理论或有限元对有关问题进行计算，其结果将与采用不同模量模型材料所得的刚度和强度有较大的偏差。     

域外奇点法在弹性力学中的应用

本文将域外奇点法推广应用于弹性力学问题,求解了扭转问题,平面弹性问题和平面弯曲问题.计算表明,这种方法简单,计算时间短,精度高。     

基于均匀化理论的管板有效弹性常数的研究

根据多尺度均匀化理论建立了管板有效弹性常数研究的有限元计算模型，在弹性平面状态下，计算结果与ASME规范中采用的有效弹性常数进行了比较，其相对误差在0．2％，然后对管板中胀接管子的加强作用进行了研究，得到了管板有效弹性常数与胀接管子在孔间带效率为0．4时的变化曲线。计算结果表明，用均匀化方法计算管板的有效弹性常数是可行的。     

Analytical solutions for plane problem of functionally graded magnetoelectric cantilever beam

In this paper, an exact analytical solution is presented for a transversely isotropic functionally graded magneto-electro-elastic (FGMEE) cantilever beam, which is subjected to a uniform load on its upper surface, as well as the concentrated force and moment at the free end. This solution can be applied for any form of gradient distribution. For the basic equations of plane problem, all the partial differential equations governing the stress field, electric, and magnetic potentials are derived. Then, the expressions of Airy stress, electric, and magnetic potential functions are assumed as quadratic polynomials of the longitudinal coordinate. Based on all the boundary conditions, the exact expressions of the three functions can be determined. As numerical examples, the material parameters are set as exponential and linear distributions in the thickness direction. The effects of the material parameters on the mechanical, electric, and magnetic fields of the cantilever beam are analyzed in detail.     

The boundary contour method for magneto-electro-elastic media with quadratic boundary elements

This paper presents a development of the boundary contour method (BCM) for magneto-electro-elastic media. First, the divergence-free of the integrand of the magneto-electro-elastic boundary element is proved. Second, the boundary contour method formulations are obtained by introducing quadratic shape functions and Green’s functions [Ding, H.J., Jiang, A.M., 2004. A boundary integral formulation and solution for 2D problems in magneto-electro-elastic media. Computers and Structures, 82 (20–21), 1599–1607] for magneto-electro-elastic media and using the rigid body motion solution to regularize the BCM and avoid computation of the corner tensor. The BCM is applied to the problem of magneto-electro-elastic media. Finally, numerical solutions for illustrative examples are compared with exact ones. The numerical results of the BCM coincide very well with the exact solution, and the feasibility and efficiency of the method are verified.     

基于拓扑优化的结构弹性成像方法

弹性模量是工程材料重要的性能参数, 可以衡量物体抵抗弹性变形的能力. 弹性成像是一种通过弹性模量表征生物体组织物理特性的医学成像方法. 为了将弹性成像应用于机械装备结构的缺陷识别, 提高弹性成像的局部表征和全局识别能力, 提出一种基于拓扑优化的结构弹性成像方法. 受拓扑优化理论启发, 采用结构离散单元的相对密度(弹性模量系数)作为弹性成像参数来表征损伤程度, 建立成像参数与弹性模量的插值模型, 基于有限元模型构建损伤表征、结构模型与物理响应的映射关系. 以损伤结构和无损结构位移响应的最小二乘为目标函数, 以成像参数上下限为约束, 建立结构弹性成像的优化模型. 以伴随法推导弹性成像问题的灵敏度, 并详细给出了弹性成像反演的数值实施方式. 二维悬臂梁和米歇尔梁算例表明, 本文提出的基于拓扑优化的弹性成像方法无需先验损伤信息, 可有效实现均质/非均质、单/多缺陷结构的弹性成像, 且弹性成像结果不依赖于特定的边界条件, 进一步将弹性成像方法扩展至三维悬臂梁问题验证了其通用性.      

Static analysis of anisotropic functionally graded magneto-electro-elastic beams subjected to arbitrary loading

This paper considers the analytical and semi-analytical solutions for anisotropic functionally graded magneto-electro-elastic beams subjected to an arbitrary load, which can be expanded in terms of sinusoidal series. For the generalized plane stress problem, the stress function, electric displacement function and magnetic induction function are assumed to consist of two parts, respectively. One is a product of a trigonometric function of the longitudinal coordinate (x) and an undetermined function of the thickness coordinate (z), and the other a linear polynomial of x with unknown coefficients depending on z. The governing equations satisfied by these z-dependent functions are derived. The analytical expressions of stresses, electric displacements, magnetic induction, axial force, bending moment, shear force, average electric displacement, average magnetic induction, displacements, electric potential and magnetic potential are then deduced, with integral constants determinable from the boundary conditions. The analytical solution is derived for beam with material coefficients varying exponentially along the thickness, while the semi-analytical solution is sought by making use of the sub-layer approximation for beam with an arbitrary variation of material parameters along the thickness. The present analysis is applicable to beams with various boundary conditions at the two ends. Two numerical examples are presented for validation of the theory and illustration of the effects of certain parameters.     

Static analysis of simply supported functionally graded and layered magneto-electro-elastic plates

In this article, static analysis of functionally graded, anisotropic and linear magneto-electro-elastic plates have been carried out by semi-analytical finite element method. A series solution is assumed in the plane of the plate and finite element procedure is adopted across the thickness of the plate such a way that the three-dimensional character of the solution is preserved. The finite element model is derived based on constitutive equation of piezomagnetic material accounting for coupling between elasticity, electric and magnetic effect. The present finite element is modeled with displacement components, electric potential and magnetic potential as nodal degree of freedom. The other fields are calculated by post-computation through constitutive equation. The functionally graded material is assumed to be exponential in the thickness direction. The numerical results obtained by the present model are in good agreement with available functionally graded three-dimensional exact benchmark solutions given by Pan and Han [Pan, E., Han, F., in press. Green’s function for transversely isotropic piezoelectric functionally graded multilayered half spaces. Int. J. Solids Struct.]. Numerical study includes the influence of the different exponential factor, magneto-electro-elastic properties and effect of mechanical and electric type of loading on induced magneto-electro-elastic fields. In addition further study has been carried out on non-homogeneous transversely isotropic FGM magneto-electro-elastic plate available in the literature [Chen, W.Q., Lee, K.Y., Ding, H.J., 2005. On free vibration of non-homogeneous transversely isotropic magneto-electro-elastic plates].     

应用边界积分法求圆形夹杂问题的解析解

边界元方法作为一种数值方法, 在各种科学工程问题中得到了广泛的应用.本文参考了边界元法的求解思路, 从Somigliana等式出发, 利用格林函数性质,得到了一种边界积分法, 使之可以用来寻求弹性问题的解析解.此边界积分法也可以从Betti互易定理得到. 应用此新方法, 求解了圆形夹杂问题.首先设定夹杂与基体之间完美连接, 将界面处的位移与应力按照傅里叶级数展开,根据问题的对称性与三角函数的正交性来简化假设, 减少待定系数的个数.其次选择合适的试函数(试函数满足位移单值条件以及无体力的线弹性力学问题的控制方程),应用边界积分法, 求得界面处的位移与应力的值. 然后再求解域内位移与应力.得到了问题的精确解析解, 当夹杂弹性模量为零或趋向于无穷大时,退化为圆孔或刚性夹杂问题的解析解. 求解过程表明,若问题的求解区域包含无穷远处时, 所取的试函数应满足无穷远处的边界条件.若求解区域包含坐标原点, 试函数在原点处位移与应力应是有限的.结果表明了此方法的有效性.      

Analytical test functions for free vibration analysis of rotating non-homogeneous Timoshenko beams

In this paper, the governing equations for free vibration of a non-homogeneous rotating Timoshenko beam, having uniform cross-section, is studied using an inverse problem approach, for both cantilever and pinned-free boundary conditions. The bending displacement and the rotation due to bending are assumed to be simple polynomials which satisfy all four boundary conditions. It is found that for certain polynomial variations of the material mass density, elastic modulus and shear modulus, along the length of the beam, the assumed polynomials serve as simple closed form solutions to the coupled second order governing differential equations with variable coefficients. It is found that there are an infinite number of analytical polynomial functions possible for material mass density, shear modulus and elastic modulus distributions, which share the same frequency and mode shape for a particular mode. The derived results are intended to serve as benchmark solutions for testing approximate or numerical methods used for the vibration analysis of rotating non-homogeneous Timoshenko beams.     

Non-local finite element analysis of damped beams

Non-local viscoelastic beam models are used to analyse the dynamics of beams with different boundary conditions using the finite element method. Unlike local damping models the internal force of the non-local model is obtained as weighted average of state variables over a spatial domain via convolution integrals with spatial kernel functions that depend on a distance measure. In the finite element analysis, the interpolating shape functions of the element displacement field are identical to those of standard two-node beam elements. However, for non-local damping, nodes remote from the element do have an effect on the energy expressions, and hence on the damping matrix. The expressions of these direct and cross damping matrices may be obtained explicitly for some common spatial kernel functions and Euler–Bernoulli beam theory. Alternatively numerical integration may be applied to obtain solutions. Examples are given where the eigenvalues are compared to the exact solution for a pinned–pinned beam to demonstrate the convergence of the finite element method. The results for beams with other boundary conditions are used to demonstrate the versatility of the finite element technique.     

FREE VIBRATION OF FUNCTIONALLY GRADED,MAGNETO-ELECTRO-ELASTIC, AND MULTILAYERED PLATES

The state-space method is employed to evaluate the modal parameters of functionally graded, magneto-electro-elastic, and multilayered plates. Based on the assumption that the properties of the functionally graded material are exponential, the state equation of structural vibration which takes the displacement and stress of the structure as state variables is derived. The natural frequencies and modal shapes are calculated based on the general solutions of the state equation and boundary conditions given in this paper. The influence of the functionally graded exponential factor on the elastic displacement, electric, and magnetic fields of the structure are discussed by assuming a sandwich plate model with different stacking sequences.     

POLYNOMIAL SOLUTIONS TO PIEZOELECTRIC BEAMS (Ⅱ)——ANALYTICAL SOLUTIONS TO TYPICAL PROBLEMS

IntroductionThis paper is a continuation of Ref.[1],in which a series of orthotropic piezoelectricplane problems was solved and the corresponding exact solutions were obtained with the trial-and-error method,on the basis of the general solution expressed …