Anti-obesity effects of escins extracted from the seeds of Aesculus turbinata BLUME (Hippocastanaceae)

To investigate the anti-obesity effects of escins extracted from the seeds of Aesculus turbinata BLUME, anti-obesity models in vitro and in vivo were employed. In a preliminary experiment, different solvent fractions of Aesculus turbinata BlUME as well as two isolated compounds were tested for their effects on pancreatic lipase (PL) in vitro. Subsequently, female ICR mice were fed a high fat diet with or without different concentrations of total escins for 11 weeks to examine body weight, parametrial adipose tissue weight, and hepatic triacylglycerol (TG) and total cholesterol (TC) contents. Plasma triacylglycerol levels (TG) after oral administration of lipid emulsions to rats were also investigated. The results showed that total escins (1 mg/ml) as well as two compounds isolated from total escins, namely escin Ib and IIa, showed inhibitory effects on PL activity. In vivo, total escins suppressed the increase in body weight, parametrial adipose tissue weight, TG content, and TC content in mice's liver; TG content in rat plasma was also reduced at 1, 2 and 3 h after oral administration of the lipid emulsion plus different concentrations of escins compared to those in the lipid emulsion groups. Meanwhile, mice fed a high fat diet plus 2% total escins for 3 d had an increased TG level in the feces compared to the HF group. The reason for this may be due to a delay in the intestinal absorption of dietary fat by inhibiting PL activity.     

Metabolomics analysis of the therapeutic mechanism of Semen Descurainiae Oil on hyperlipidemia rats using 1H‐NMR and LC–MS

Semen descurainiae oil (SDO) is an important traditional Chinese medicine that was recently discovered to have the function of reducing blood lipids. Metabolomics analyses of plasma, liver and kidney in rats were performed using ¹H‐NMR and LC–MS to illuminate the lower blood lipid concentration effect of SDO, and niacin was considered as the active control. The measure of total cholesterol (TC) and low‐density‐lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C) in plasma showed that SDO treatment decreased significantly the content of TC and LDL‐C. An orthogonal partial least squares–discriminant analysis approach was applied to identify the different metabolic profiles of plasma, liver and kidney in rats and to detect related potential biomarkers. The results suggested that the metabolic profiles of the control group and hyperlipidemia group showed significant difference and the SDO and niacin group had effective anti‐hyperlipidemia function. The biomarkers primarily concern lipid metabolism, amino acid metabolism and glycometabolism, and the change in biomarkers indicated that hyperlipidemia could cause the unbalance of these metabolic pathways in vivo. SDO reduced blood lipids by repairing amino acid and lipid metabolism.     

STUDY ON THE BLOOD FAT REGULATION OF THE FUCOIDA-GALACTOSAN SULFATE (FGS) FROM LAMINARIA JAPONICA

1. INTRODUCTION Blood fat primarily contains cholesterol, cholesterol ester, phosphatide, triglyceride and free fatty acid in serum of human being and mammalian. Under physiological conditions, the lipids transport in the form of lipoproteins linked with the proteins. Except for the free fatty acid linked with albumin, the other lipids are linked with the globular proteins into high-density lipoproteins (HDL), low density lipoproteins (LDL), very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) and so…     

普罗布考联合阿托伐他汀对高脂血症患者血管内皮功能的影响

目的分析普罗布考联合阿托伐他汀对高脂血症患者血管内皮功能的影响。方法选取孝感仁信医院2014年3月—2016年3月收治的高脂血症患者88例,随机分为对照组(n=33)和观察组(n=55),对照组给予阿托伐他汀治疗,观察组给予普罗布考联合阿托伐他汀治疗,对比两组的血脂水平,并观察其对血管内皮功能的影响。结果治疗8周后,观察组HDL-C、NO高于对照组,TG、TC、LDL-C、ET-1低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);不良反应发生率组间比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论普罗布考联合阿托伐他汀可改善高脂血症患者的血脂水平,降低ET-1水平,提升HDL-C、NO含量,对血管内皮细胞具有良好的保护作用,具有较高的实用价值。     

Pharmacoinformatics and UPLC-QTOF/ESI-MS-Based Phytochemical Screening of Combretum indicum against Oxidative Stress and Alloxan-Induced Diabetes in Long–Evans Rats

This research investigated a UPLC-QTOF/ESI-MS-based phytochemical profiling of Combretum indicum leaf extract (CILEx), and explored its in vitro antioxidant and in vivo antidiabetic effects in a Long–Evans rat model. After a one-week intervention, the animals’ blood glucose, lipid profile, and pancreatic architectures were evaluated. UPLC-QTOF/ESI-MS fragmentation of CILEx and its eight docking-guided compounds were further dissected to evaluate their roles using bioinformatics-based network pharmacological tools. Results showed a very promising antioxidative effect of CILEx. Both doses of CILEx were found to significantly (p < 0.05) reduce blood glucose, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and total cholesterol (TC), and increase high-density lipoprotein (HDL). Pancreatic tissue architectures were much improved compared to the diabetic control group. A computational approach revealed that schizonepetoside E, melianol, leucodelphinidin, and arbutin were highly suitable for further therapeutic assessment. Arbutin, in a Gene Ontology and PPI network study, evolved as the most prospective constituent for 203 target proteins of 48 KEGG pathways regulating immune modulation and insulin secretion to control diabetes. The fragmentation mechanisms of the compounds are consistent with the obtained effects for CILEx. Results show that the natural compounds from CILEx could exert potential antidiabetic effects through in vivo and computational study.     

STUDY ON THE BLOOD FAT REGULATION OF THE FUCOIDA—GALACTOSAN SULFATE（FGS） FROM LAMINARIA JAPONICA

FGS was isolated and purified from laminaria japonica by enzymolysis,chromatography methods and so on.The high blood fat model was established by feeding mouse on high fat feedstuff.Compared with control group,the concentration of HDL-C.the ratio of HDL-C.TC increased.while the concentration of TC,LDL-C and TG decreased in experimental groups,Conclusion:FGS was an effective serum lipid regulator and can be developed as medicine and health food.     

中老年人脂肪肝与血清脂蛋白的临床探讨

测定了经Ｂ超检查发现脂肪肝的４０例中老年病例血清脂蛋白含量,并与正常对照组比较。结果显示,除ＨＤＬ外,ＴＣ、ＴＧ、ＬＤＬ均显著升高,故积极控制血清脂蛋白的升高,是预防和控制脂肪的重要措施。     

Effect of phlorotannins from Sargassum thunbergii on blood lipids regulation in mice with high-fat diet

On the basis of activity screening on blood lipid regulation by animal study, we chose high molecular weight phlorotannins from Sargassum thunbergii (HMPs) as a drug to explore the regulating mechanism. The results showed that HMPs could significantly decrease TC and TG levels (p?相似文献   

Myocardial infarction patients show altered lipoprotein properties and functions when compared with stable angina pectoris patients

Several parameters and risk factors were compared between Korean male myocardial infarction (MI) patients (n = 10) and angina pectoris (AP) patients (n = 17) to search unique biomarkers for myocardial infarction (MI) in lipoprotein level. Individual serum and lipoprotein fractions (VLDL, LDL, HDL₂, HDL₃) were isolated and analyzed by lipid and protein determination and enzyme assay. The MI group was found to have a 25 and 30% higher serum cholesterol and triacylglycerol (TG) level than the AP group, respectively, however, their body mass index (BMI), LDL-cholesterol (C), HDL-C, and glucose levels fell within the normal range. MI patients were found to have an approximately two-fold higher level of serum IL-6 and an 18% lower serum apoA-I level than that of the AP group. LDL and HDL₂ fraction of the MI group were more enriched with TG than those of AP group. The increased TG was correlated well with the increased level of apoC-III in the same fraction. Cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) activity and protein level were greatly increased in MI patients in the LDL and HDL₃ fractions. MI patients showed more severely oxidized LDL fraction than patients in the AP group, as well as the weakest antioxidant ability of serum. Conclusively, MI patients were found to have unique serum and lipoprotein characteristics including increased IL-6 and TG in serum, with CETP and apoC-III in the LDL and HDL fractions, as well as severely impaired antioxidant ability of HDL.     

芦丁钙的合成及降低胆固醇的作用

在碱溶液中,芦丁与钙离子反应生成了芦丁钙,通过元素分析、紫外光谱、红外光谱、薄层层析对芦丁钙进行了表征．大鼠实验证明芦丁钙能降低总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）,并升高高密度脂蛋白（HDL）,从而发挥调节血脂的作用．     

Potential of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Crocus sativus</Emphasis> (saffron) and its Constituent,Crocin, as Hypolipidemic and Antioxidant in Rats

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the hypolipidemic and antioxidant potential of saffron and its active constituent, crocin, in hyperlipidemic rats. The animals fed either with normal fat diet or high fat diet were administered orally saffron (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg) or crocin (4.84, 9.69, and 19.38 mg/kg) in their respective groups for five consecutive days. Biochemical estimations of triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione peroxidase enzyme activity (GSHPx), total glutathione (GSH), and oxidized glutathione (GSSG) in serum and superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), thiobarbituric acid reactive species (TBARS), ferric reducing/antioxidant power (FRAP), and total sulfhydryl (SH) groups in liver tissue homogenate were carried out. Both saffron and crocin were effective in decreasing the elevated levels of TG, TC, ALP, AST, ALT, MDA, GSHPx, GSH, and GSSG in serum and increasing SOD, CAT, FRAP, and SH values in liver tissue with reduction in TBARS. The saffron was found to be superior to crocin indicating the involvement of other potential constituents of saffron apart from crocin for its synergistic behavior of quenching the free radicals and ameliorating the damages of hyperlipidemia.     

Methanolic Extract of Piper sarmentosum Attenuates Obesity and Hyperlipidemia in Fructose-Induced Metabolic Syndrome Rats

Obesity and hyperlipidemia are metabolic dysregulations that arise from poor lifestyle and unhealthy dietary intakes. These co-morbidity conditions are risk factors for vascular diseases. Piper sarmentosum (PS) is a nutritious plant that has been shown to pose various phytochemicals and pharmacological actions. This study aimed to investigate the effect of PS on obesity and hyperlipidemia in an animal model. Forty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five experimental groups. The groups were as follows: UG—Untreated group; CTRL—control; FDW—olive oil + 20% fructose; FDW-PS—PS (125 mg/kg) + 20% fructose; FDW-NGN—naringin (100 mg/kg) + 20% fructose. Fructose drinking water was administered daily for 12 weeks ad libitum to induce metabolic abnormality. Treatment was administered at week 8 for four weeks via oral gavage. The rats were sacrificed with anesthesia at the end of the experimental period. Blood, liver, and visceral fat were collected for further analysis. The consumption of 20% fructose water by Wistar rats for eight weeks displayed a tremendous increment in body weight, fat mass, percentage fat, LDL, TG, TC, HMG-CoA reductase, leptin, and reduced the levels of HDL and adiponectin as well as adipocyte hypertrophy. Following the treatment period, FDW-PS and FDW-NGN showed a significant reduction in body weight, fat mass, percentage fat, LDL, TG, TC, HMG-CoA reductase, and leptin with an increment in the levels of HDL and adiponectin compared to the FDW group. FDW-PS and FDW-NGN also showed adipocyte hypotrophy compared to the FDW group. In conclusion, oral administration of 125 mg/kg PS methanolic extract to fructose-induced obese rats led to significant amelioration of obesity and hyperlipidemia through suppressing the adipocytes and inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase. PS has the potential to be used as an alternative or adjunct therapy for obesity and hyperlipidemia.     

A heparin modified polypropylene non‐woven fabric membrane adsorbent for selective removal of low density lipoprotein from plasma

In the present work, a new porous low density lipoprotein (LDL) adsorbent membrane is prepared by ⁶⁰Co γ‐ray irradiation‐induced grafting copolymerization of polypropylene (PP) non‐woven fabric with acrylic acid, followed by immobilizing heparin covalently. The amount of carboxyl group and heparin on the resultant PP non‐woven fabric is determined by titration and colorimetry, respectively. The new adsorbent membrane is characterized by attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope, and contact angle microscopy. Static adsorption and hemoperfusion tests indicate this new adsorbent can efficiently and selectively remove LDL from human plasma. Meanwhile, good adsorption of triglyceride (TG) is also obtained. The best result is achieved by the adsorbent membrane P_0.45‐A₁₅‐H, where 33.3 ± 2.9 µg of LDL‐C, 14.7 ± 1.9 µg of high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐C), 64.9 ± 4.3 µg of total cholesterol (TC), and 202.4 ± 5.7 µg of TG are removed from human plasma per square centimeter. Hemocompability and toxicity tests show this new adsorbent membrane has good blood compatibility and low toxicity. Considering the adsorbent performance, safety, low cost, and simple preparation, this new adsorbent membrane has potential clinical application for removal of LDL. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

脂肪酸量子化学特性对食用油脂生物学效应的影响

对一些食用油脂中的主要脂肪酸组份的量子化学参数进行计算，并与饲喂大鼠的相应生物学效应进行相关分析的结果表明，在各项大鼠血脂生化指标中，只有血清总胆固醇（TC）和低密度脂蛋白-胆固醇含量与脂肪酸各项量子化学参数间存在显著性相关（P＜0．05），其中单不饱和脂肪酸（MUFA）的效果优于多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）。MUFA还可有效降低机体丙二醛含量，增强生物膜的流动性（P＜0．01）．不饱和脂肪酸分子中烯键碳原子上量子化学参数的急剧变化是油脂产生显著生物学效应的基本条件．     

Hypolipidaemic and antioxidant activities of Ficus microcarpa (L.) in hypercholesterolemic rats

Saponifiable and unsaponifiable fractions of Ficus microcarpa leaves hexane extract have been phytochemically studied and evaluated for its hypolipidaemic and antioxidant effects in hypercholesterolemic rats. The effect of the extract on the lipid profile was assessed by measuring the levels of total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglycerides, phospho and total lipids. Lipid peroxides, glutathione and superoxide dismutase were measured as antioxidants. The work was extended to evaluate liver function indices as well as the histopathological picture of the liver after treatment. Treatment with leaves extract (500 mg kg?1 body weight) 5 times/week for 9 weeks at the same time of cholesterol administration (30 mg/0.3 mL 0.7% tween/animal) recorded an improvement of lipid profile, antioxidants, liver function enzymes and the liver histopathological picture. The lipoidal matters of the unsaponifiable fraction of the hexane extract by GC/MS led to the identification of 22 compounds, while saponifiable fraction by (MS/MS) technique led to identification of 13 unsaturated and saturated fatty acid methyl ester derivatives. It can be concluded that the hexane extract of F. microcarpa L has been proved to have hypolipidaemic and antioxidant effects in hypercholesterolemic rats through its role in counteracting LDL oxidation, enhancement of HDL synthesis and inhibition of lipid peroxidation.     

Protective Effects of a Strawberry Ellagitannin-Rich Extract against Pro-Oxidative and Pro-Inflammatory Dysfunctions Induced by a High-Fat Diet in a Rat Model

Due to the demonstrated intestinal microbial transformation of strawberry ellagitannins (ET) into bioactive metabolites, in the current study on rats, we hypothesised that the dietary addition of a strawberry ET-rich extract (S-ET) to a high-fat diet (HFD) would attenuate disturbances in the redox and lipid status as well as in the inflammatory response. We randomly distributed 48 Wistar rats into six groups and used two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) to assess the effects of two main factors—diet type (standard and high-fat) and ET dosage (without, low, and 3× higher)—applied to rats for 4 weeks. In relation to the hypothesis, irrespective of the dosage, the dietary application of ET resulted in the desired attenuating effects in rats fed a HFD as manifested by decreased body weight gain, relative mass of the epididymal pad, hepatic fat, oxidized glutathione (GSSG), triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) concentrations as well as desired modifications in the blood plasma parameters. These beneficial changes were enhanced by the high dietary addition of ET, which was associated with considerably higher concentrations of ET metabolites in the urine and plasma of rats. The results indicated that S-ET could be effectively used for the prevention and treatment of metabolic disturbances associated with obesity, dyslipidaemia, redox status imbalance, and inflammation.     

高脂饲料对长爪沙鼠血脂和血清电解质的影响

目的观察高脂饲料对长爪沙鼠血清脂质4项和血清电解质K^＋、Na^＋、Cl^-、Ca^2＋、Mg^2＋含量的影响。方法选取雄性长爪沙鼠40只,随机分为两组,分别给予普通饲料和高脂饲料（含1%胆固醇、10%猪油）。喂养12周后颌下静脉丛采血,用日立7180型全自动生化分析仪检测血清TC、TG、HDL-C、LDL-C及Ca^2＋、Mg^2＋含量,用美国Easy Lyte Plus型电解质分析仪检测血清K^＋、Na^＋、Cl^-含量。结果与正常饲料组相比,高脂饲料喂养后沙鼠血清TC、TG、HDL-C、LDL-C含量显著升高（P〈0.01）,以TC、LDL-C水平升高最为明显。沙鼠血清电解质K^＋、Mg^2＋含量在不同饲料组差异有显著性（P〈0.01或P〈0.05）,而Na^＋、Cl^-、Ca^2＋含量在不同饲料喂养组的差异不显著（P〉0.05）。结论高脂饲料能明显升高长爪沙鼠血清脂质4项,并改变其血清电解质K^＋、Mg^2＋水平。     

Nano-formulation of 4-Hydroxy-3-methoxybenzohydrazide: Preparation,characterization and studies of antihyperglycemic and antioxidant activities as evaluated through amelioration of pancreatic Dysfunction in experimental animals

In the present work, nanoparticles of previously synthesized 3a derivatives of vanillic acid were synthesized by the nanoprecipitation method. Nanoparticles were further characterized by UV–vis spectroscopy, FTIR spectroscopy, SEM analysis, XRD and zeta sizer. Diabetes was instigated in Wistar albino rats by intraperitoneal (I.P.) administration of Streptozotocin (60 ?mg/kg body weight). Vanillic acid (100 ?mg/kg), 3a (100 ?mg/kg) and 3aNPs (50 ?mg/kg) body weight were given orally for a period of 21 days. Blood glucose level and biochemical parameters such as cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, HDL, VLDL and antioxidant parameters were assessed by using diagnostic kits. SEM analysis and PDI of 3aNPs was found to be 0.2 which indicate monodisperse distribution. Significant decline in blood glucose level (p ?< ?0.001) was observed in antidiabetic studies along with the lipid lowering and antioxidant effect in dose-dependent manner. The noted results of the study showed that nanoparticles were found to be effective in treating diabetes.     

血镁、血脂与脑血管病的关系

为探讨血清镁、血脂与脑血管疾病的关系 ,测定和比较了脑梗死 83例、脑出血 79例患者的血清镁 (Mg)、总胆固醇 (TC)、甘油三酯 (TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇 (HDL -C)和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇 (LDL -C)水平 ,并与 3 2例非脑血管病患者进行了比较。结果表明 ,脑梗死组血清Mg、HDL -C水平降低均与对照组差异有显著性 (P <0 0 5或P <0 0 1 ) ,其中脑梗死组血清Mg明显低于脑出血组 (P <0 0 5 ) ;脑出血组血清Mg水平降低、TG水平升高均与对照组差异有显著性 (P <0 0 5或P <0 0 1 ) ;三组患者间的血清TC、LDL -C水平无明显差别。提示血清Mg和HDL-C水平降低以及血清TG水平升高可能是增加脑梗死和脑出血发生的危险因素。     

冠脉搭桥后心脏结构与功能CT影像学评价和临床相关影响因素分析

本文研究冠脉搭桥术后心脏结构与功能CT影像学评价和临床相关影响因素。以行冠脉搭桥术的冠心病患者46例为研究对象,根据EDV、ESV、SV、EF改善情况,将其分为改善组和未改善组。对比两组性别、年龄、高血压病史、糖尿病病史、吸烟率、TC、TG、HDL-C、冠脉狭窄,以及病变节段收缩期室壁增厚率。结果发现,EF未改善组糖尿病和冠脉狭窄占比均较改善组高,而室壁增厚率较改善组低,P<0.05。EF改善与糖尿病、冠脉狭窄呈负相关(P<0.05),与病变节段收缩期室壁增厚率呈正相关(P<0.05),ESV改善与TC、TG呈负相关(P<0.05)。EF改善与糖尿病、冠脉狭窄、病变节段收缩期室壁增厚率有关,ESV改善与TC、TG有关。