纸基葡萄糖电化学生物传感器的研究及应用

基于纳米金的自催化无电沉积镀金技术,采用混合纤维素滤膜作为模板,制备了一种纳米多孔纸基薄膜金电极。以该金滤膜电极作为基底电极,使用Nafion溶液分散的碳纳米管-纳米铂(PtNPs)复合材料作为载体,实现了葡萄糖氧化酶(GOD)的直接电化学,并建立了一种低成本的纸基葡萄糖电化学传感器。该传感器对葡萄糖具有良好的安培响应,葡萄糖浓度在5.0×10-6~2.5×10-3 mol/L范围与其0.55V处的氧化电流呈良好的线性关系(R=0.999),检测限(S/N=3)为1.0×10-6 mol/L。制备了8支传感器,对25μmol/L葡萄糖进行检测,结果的相对标准偏差为6.03%,表明该传感器具有较好的重现性。     

新型3D纸基微流控分析器件的研制及应用

基于棉涤线进样通道、过滤区、检测区和"开关元件",研制了一种新型3D纸基微流控分析器件,并应用于食盐中IO-3的测定。实验探讨并优化了该器件的制备和测定条件。在优化的测定条件下,显色测定灰度值与IO-3浓度在5~250μmol/L范围内呈线性关系,检出限为2.3μmol/L。该方法可应用于实际样品中IO-3的测定。     

纸芯片制作及其在化学发光法检测葡萄糖和尿酸中的应用

纸芯片是一类新型的个性化诊断器件,可快速、廉价、简便地进行多组分分析.采用光刻法制备了一维和二维纸芯片(μPADs),并对不同通道芯片检测所需的样品体积进行理论估算.同时利用葡萄糖氧化酶-葡萄糖反应产生过氧化氢诱导鲁米诺化学发光,在纸芯片上检测葡萄糖,线性范围为2.0×10-4～9.0×10-4mol/L,检出限为5....     

纳米铜/石墨烯-壳聚糖复合膜修饰电极及其对葡萄糖的直接测定

以石墨烯-壳聚糖复合膜修饰玻碳电极,并在此复合膜上电沉积纳米铜,用于葡萄糖的无酶检测。以扫描电镜、傅立叶红外光谱及电化学交流阻抗谱对该复合膜微观形态进行表征,以循环伏安法、计时电流法对该电极的电化学行为进行研究。实验结果表明,在0.1 mol/L Na OH溶液中修饰电极对葡萄糖具有良好的催化氧化作用,该电极对葡萄糖的检测线性范围为5.6×10-5~1.2×10-3mol/L,检出限(S/N=3)为2.3×10-5mol/L。该修饰电极对样品的检测具有良好的稳定性、重现性。     

以苯硼酸为识别物质的电化学阻抗糖传感器的制备

以苯硼酸为识别物质,利用巯基自组装法将半胱胺与4-甲酰基苯硼酸反应形成的Schiff’s碱固定于金电极表面,构建了检测葡萄糖、乳糖、甘露聚糖的电化学阻抗传感器。根据传感器结合糖前后电子转移阻抗值的变化(ΔR et),分别进行了葡萄糖、乳糖、甘露聚糖的分析测定。以pH 9.0的5 mmol/L K3[Fe(CN)6]-5 mmol/L K4[Fe(CN)6]平衡电对溶液作为检测溶液,ΔR et与葡萄糖的浓度在5.05×10#9~5.05×10#5mol/L之间呈良好的线性关系,检出限为9.7×10#10mol/L(S/N=3);ΔR et与乳糖的浓度在2.78×10#9~2.78×10#5mol/L之间呈良好的线性关系,检出限为8.1×10#10mol/L(S/N=3);ΔR et与甘露聚糖的浓度在4.35×10#9~4.35×10#5mol/L之间呈良好的线性关系,检出限为3.4×10#10mol/L(S/N=3)。该方法简单、灵敏、成本低,可用于不同种类糖的分析检测。     

3D纸基微流控分析器件测定药物中抗坏血酸的研究

本文报道一种新型3D纸基微流控分析器件测定药物中抗坏血酸。采用不同的方法固定试剂于器件显色滤纸,有效地避免了试剂间的影响。以手动折叠,实现了各步反应时间的控制。在优化的实验条件下,测定体系的灰度值(Gray)与抗坏血酸浓度在7~550μmol/L范围内呈线性关系,检出限为6.1μmol/L。该纸基微流控分析器件制备简单,携带方便,成本低廉,可用于药物中抗坏血酸的测定,同时适用于药物及其它样品中抗坏血酸的现场实时测定。     

写字机器人绘制纸基微流控芯片便携检测Ca2+

纸基微流控芯片是一种纸质基底芯片,具有性能优良、价格低廉的优势,然而其制备技术多依赖专业昂贵的设备,限制了纸基微流控芯片的发展。该文采用成本低廉的家用写字机器人,将具有敏感特性的智能水凝胶绘制在纸质基底材料上,得到具有水凝胶阀门的纸基微流控芯片。以Ca2+为模型靶标,该纸基微流控芯片能实现不同浓度（0.1 ~ 50 mmol/L）Ca2+溶液的裸眼定量检测,并具有很好的易用性和重现性。同时采用ILX506 CCD传感器制作纸基微流控芯片的数字显示设备,以实现芯片测量结果的自动读取功能。该方法能快速便捷、低成本地制备多条纸基微流控芯片,为其普适化制备提供了新的研究思路,在发展中地区具有良好的推广前景。     

基于微流控纸芯片-显色法快速测定全血中尿酸的含量

提出了基于微流控纸芯片-显色法快速测定全血中尿酸含量的方法。使用喷蜡打印机将设计的微通道网格打印在色谱纸上,经过加热处理得到微流控纸芯片。在微流控纸芯片I区(样品预处理区)滴加3.2μL 0.10 g·mL^-1乙二胺四乙酸(EDTA)溶液和4.8μL 0.015 g·mL^-1壳聚糖溶液,干燥,得到微流控纸芯片检测平台。全血样品与磷酸盐缓冲液(pH 7.4)按体积比1∶4混合,分取混合溶液13μL滴加至I区,红细胞与血浆在壳聚糖和EDTA的凝集作用下发生分离,血浆流动至II区(显色区);待血浆完全铺满II区后,滴加3μL三氯化铁和邻二氮菲的混合溶液,静置反应2 min,用手机拍照,采用Photoshop CS2软件分析显色区的颜色强度,得到RGB值(红、绿、蓝三色叠加值),根据标准曲线计算尿酸含量。结果表明：全血中葡萄糖等常见还原性物质均不影响尿酸含量的测定;尿酸浓度在0.05～0.85 mmol·L^-1内与RGB值呈线性关系,检出限(3.3s/k)为0.03 mmol·L^-1。方法用于实际全血样品分...     

基于Al/Ni双氢氧化物纳米线无酶葡萄糖传感器的研究

本文采用多孔聚碳酸酯(PC)模板在加热条件下通过溶液渗透和共沉淀制得了Al/Ni双氢氧化物纳米线,并将其修饰到玻碳电极制成无酶葡萄糖传感器。考察了该传感器在不同扫描速度时的循环伏安行为,比较了裸玻碳电极、不同修饰电极对响应电流的影响。在优化条件下进行葡萄糖检测,线性范围为2.0×10-5～1.3×10-3 mol/L,检出限可以达到5.0×10-6 mol/L。该方法快捷、灵敏、分析性能好,操作简便。可将其应用于血清中葡萄糖含量的测定。     

基于蛋壳膜固定酶和纳米银膜光度法对葡萄糖的检测

利用蛋壳膜固定酶和静电作用组装纳米银膜,建立了一种新型的光度法检测微量葡萄糖.采用共价交联法在蛋壳膜上固定葡萄糖氧化酶.酶促反应产生的H_2O_2氧化纳米银导致纳米银膜吸光度减小,日光强度的变化值与葡萄糖浓度有关,据此实现了对葡萄糖的检测.该方法检测快速,线性范围为6.0×10~(-5)～66.0×10~(-5)mol/L(r=0.999 7,n=11),检出限(S/N=3)为1.8×10~(-5) mol/L.方法成功用于临床血清样品中葡萄糖含量的检测.     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.