Phytochemistry,antioxidant and antibacterial activities of two Moroccan Teucrium polium L. subspecies: Preventive approach against nosocomial infections

The aim of the present study was to determine the chemical composition and antioxidant activity of essential oils (EOs) from two Teucrium polium subspecies, to evaluate, also their antibacterial activities, against some nosocomial-bacteria. The phytochemical screening of essential oils was analyzed using gas chromatography-flame ionization detector (GC-FID) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis (GC-MS). The antibacterial activities were assessed by disc diffusion method and minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC), against Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Citrobacter koseri and Acinetobacter baumannii) and Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus. The antioxidant potential was evaluated in vitro by three assays, namely free radical scavenging activity against 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrzyl (DPPH), ferric reducing activity power (FRAP) and total antioxidant capacity. Twenty-six components were identified in the EO of Teucrium polium subsp. aurum representing. Its major component was Caryophyllene (19.13%) followed by γ-Muurolene (13.02%), τ-cadinol, (11.01%), α-Gurjunene (9.2%), Rosifoliol (8.79%), 3-Carene (7.04%). However, twenty two components were identified in the EO of T. polium subsp. polium. Its major components are 3-carene (16.49%), γ-Muurolene (14.03%), α-pinene (9.94%), α-phellandrene (6.93%) and Caryophyllene (7.51%). The antibacterial activity of both essential oils showed a higher activity against tested nosocomial bacteria especially against S. aureus and A. baumannii. The EO of T. polium subsp. aureum showed better antioxidant activity as measured by DPPH and FRAP assays with IC₅₀ values of 3.7 ± 0.2 mg/ml and 2.31 ± 0.11 mg/ml, respectively. The total antioxidant capacity assay showed that T. polium subsp. aureum had a significant activity with value to 3308.27 mg equivalent to ascorbic acid/g of EO. The Moroccan T. polium essential oils could be exploited as an antimicrobial agent for the treatment of several infectious diseases caused by bacteria, especially, those who have developed resistance to conventional antibiotics.     

Cytotoxic,antibacterial and antioxidant activities of extracts of the bark of Melia azedarach (China Berry)

Nature provides a variety of drugs and medicinal agents derived from plants. This study was conducted to determine antimicrobial, antioxidant and cytotoxic activities of extracts of Melia azedarach bark with methanol/water (9:1 v/v), chloroform, butanol, hexane, water and ethyl acetate. For the determination of the antimicrobial activities, the agar well diffusion method was employed. Cytotoxicity was studied by brine shrimp lethality assay; antioxidant activities were measured using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl. The chloroform extract was active against Enterobacter aerogenes and Proteus mirabilis, the ethyl acetate extract had highest antibacterial spectrum against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, the n-hexane extract had highest inhibition against E. aerogenes, the aqueous extract showed highest activities against P. mirabilis, the butanol fraction showed highest activities against E. aerogenes and the methanolic extract was highly active against P. mirabilis.     

The Antimicrobial Activity,Mosquito Larvicidal Activity,Antioxidant Property and Tyrosinase Inhibition of Piper Betle

The essential oil and methanolic and aqueous extracts of Piper betle L. were assayed for their antimicrobial activity, mosquito larvicidal activity, antioxidant property and mushroom tyrosinase inhibition. The methanolic and aquaous extracts showed strong activity against the yeasts: C. albicans, and M. pachydermatis. The crude essential oil exhibited a broad‐spectrum strong antimicrobial activity against all test organisms. The strongest activity was observed against C. albicans, followed by S. aureus and M. pachydermatis. The chemical composition of the essential oil and its fractions was analyzed by GC/MS analysis. Eugenol (36.2%), chavibetol acetate (16.9%), 4‐allylphenyl acetate (9.4%) and 4‐allylphenol (7.2%) were the main components, comprising 69.7% of the oil. The fractionation of the essential oil gave two fractions. Fraction I was rich in eugenol (71.3%) and fraction II in eugenol (46.4%), chavibetol acetate (19.4%) and 4‐allylphenyl acetate (11.8%). The essential oil exhibited the mosquito larvicidal activity with 2 h and 24 h LD₅₀ value of 86 and 48 ppm, respectively. The methanolic extract of P. betle showed larvicidal activity with 2 h and 24 h LD₅₀ value of 153 and 125 ppm, respectively, whereas the aqueous extract showed slight active. The individual antioxidant assays such as DPPH scavenging activity, chelating effect of ferrous ions and reducing power have been used. P. betle showed remarkable antioxidant activity in DPPH and reducing power assays. The activity observed can be attributed to the presence of the phenolic compounds. The essential oil exhibited concentration‐dependent inhibition of mushroom tyrosinase, giving an IC₅₀ value of 126 ppm. The fraction I showed a strong inhibition of tyrosinase activity, giving an IC₅₀ value of 115 ppm. The presence of 4‐allylphenolic components in the essential oil may play an important role in the inhibition of tyrosinase. In conclusion, the results presented here show that Piper betle essential oil could be considered as a natural antimicrobial, mosquito larvicidal, antioxidant and tyrosinase inhibition source.     

In vitro interactions of Peucedanum officinale essential oil with antibiotics

The chemical composition and antibacterial activity of Peucedanum officinale L. (Apiaceae) essential oil were examined, as well as the association between it and antibiotics: tetracycline, streptomycin and chloramphenicol. The interactions of the essential oil with antibiotics were evaluated using the microdilution checkerboard assay. Monoterpene hydrocarbons, with α-phellandrene as the dominant constituent, were the most abundant compound class of the essential oil of P. officinale. The researched essential oil exhibited slight antibacterial activity against the tested bacterial strains in vitro. On the contrary, essential oil of P. officinale possesses a great synergistic potential with chloramphenicol and tetracycline. Their combinations reduced the minimum effective dose of the antibiotic and, consequently, minimised its adverse side effects. In addition, investigated interactions are especially successful against Gram-negative bacteria, the pharmacological treatment of which is very difficult nowadays.     

Pongamia pinnata seed extract‐mediated green synthesis of silver nanoparticles: Preparation,formulation and evaluation of bactericidal and wound healing potential

Pongamia pinnata – a plant used since olden times in Ayurvedic treatment – is reported to have diverse functions including antibacterial, antidiabetic, antineurodegenerative, antiepileptic, antiulcer, etc. In this study, our objective was to prepare silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) by green synthesis mediated by methanolic seed extract of P. pinnata and to determine their antimicrobial and antioxidant potential and wound healing activity. AgNPs were characterized for particle size and shape and for antioxidant potential. Further, the AgNPs were incorporated in a gel. The wound healing activity was investigated using an excision wound healing model in Wistar rats. The AgNP‐loaded gel was applied topically to the wounded rats daily for 30 days. The wound contraction was calculated and histopathological studies of the healed tissues were conducted. Karanjin content of the extract was found to be 349 ± 2.16 mg g^?1. Formation of AgNPs was confirmed using transmission and scanning electron microscopies and X‐ray diffraction. AgNPs showed good antioxidant potential and were active against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Significant wound healing activity (p < 0.05) was shown by the AgNP gel as compared to 5% Betadine ointment. Thus, the prepared AgNPs have antimicrobial and wound healing effects that may be useful in treatment of topical infections especially in wounds.     

Analysis and evaluation of the antimicrobial and anticancer activities of the essential oil isolated from Foeniculum vulgare from Hamedan,Iran

In this study, biological properties of the essential oil isolated from seeds of Foeniculum vulgare (F. vulgare) were evaluated. GC-MS analysis revealed Trans-Anethole (80.63%), L-Fenchone (11.57%), Estragole (3.67%) and Limonene (2.68%) were the major compounds of the essential oil. Antibacterial activity of the essential oil against nine Gram-positive and Gram-negative strains was studied using disc diffusion and micro-well dilution assays. Essential oil exhibited the antibacterial activity against three Gram-negative strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, and Shigella dysenteriae. The preliminary study on toxicity of seed oil was performed using Brine Shrimp lethality test (BSLT). Results indicated the high toxicity effect of essential oil (LC50 = 10 μg/mL). In vitro anticancer activity of seed oil was investigated against human breast cancer (MDA-Mb) and cervical epithelioid carcinoma (Hela) cell lines by MTT assay. Results showed the seed oil behave as a very potent anticancer agent with IC50 of lower than 10 μg/mL in both cases.     

Design,synthesis, anticancer,antibacterial, and antifungal evaluation of 4-aminoquinoline-1,3,5-triazine derivatives

A series of 4-aminoquinoline 1,3,5-triazine derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for anticancer activity against cancer cell lines HeLa, MCF-7, HL-60, HepG2 where these derivatives exert significant anticancer activity. The molecules found nontoxic against MCF-12A. The molecules also showed potent inhibition of EGFR-TK as compared to eroltinib in enzyme-based assay. The newly synthesized derivatives were screened for their in vitro antibacterial and antifungal activity against Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, Proteus vulgaris, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida albicans, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus fumigatus using cefixime and fluconazole as standard. Antibacterial screening results suggest that compound 7c showed potent activity against S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, and P. vulgaris. In antifungal screening, compound 7b showed significant activity against A. niger, A. fumigatus and moderate activity against C. albicans.     

Chromatographic analysis,antimicrobial and insecticidal activities of the essential oil of Phlomis floccosa D. Don.

The present study was conducted to investigate for the first time the chemical composition and insecticidal and antimicrobial properties of Phlomis floccosa D. Don. essential oil isolated by hydro‐distillation of its aerial parts. Qualitative and quantitative analyses of the essential oil on the basis of gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC/FID and GC/MS) revealed the presence of 59 organic volatiles representing 86.9% of the total constituents. The major compounds were germacrene‐D (19.7%) followed by β‐caryophyllene (15.5%), caryophyllene oxide (8.3%), hexadecenoic acid (7.9%) and carvacrol (6.1%). The broth microdilution method was conducted to test the antimicrobial activity of the essential oil against five pathogens: Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella enterica, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis and the yeast Candida albicans. The oil of P. floccosa D. Don. shows promising activity against the Gram‐positive bacteria S. aureus and B. subtilis and the yeast C. albicans (minimum inhibitory concentration = 625 μg.mL^?1). The effectiveness of the essential oil was assessed on both Tribolium confusum and Sitophilus zeamais pest insects and it was more pronounced against T. confusum, showing a moderate mortality of 47.5%.     

Design,Synthesis and Molecular Modeling of Nonsteroidal Anti‐inflammatory Drugs Tagged Substituted 1,2,3‐Triazole Derivatives and Evaluation of Their Biological Activities

A novel series of 1,4‐disubstituted‐1,2,3‐triazole derivatives 3a – l and 5a – i were one‐pot synthesized via CuAAC‐alkyne click chemistry and evaluated for their antibacterial activity against four organisms and screened for their anticancer activity against human colon cancer cell line HT‐29 and human lung cancer cell line HTB‐29. These hybrid molecules structure elucidation has been performed by IR, ¹H‐NMR, ¹³C‐NMR, and mass spectral analysis. Synthesized nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs‐triazoles evaluated for their antibacterial activities against bacterial microorganisms Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Klebsiella pneumonia. Final compounds 3i , 3c , and 5b showed magnificent broad spectrum activity against P. aeruginosa, K. pneumonia, E. coli, and S. aureus with zone of inhibition values of 20, 15, 17, and 16 mm, respectively. Among the series of compound, 3j showed the best antibacterial activity against all the strains. Further, the compounds 3i and 5a were more cytotoxic than cisplatin against all tested two human cancer cell lines, with 50.8%, and 52.3% and 73.4% and 75.3% of growth, respectively. The synthesized compounds were tested for kinase inhibitory activity against glycogen synthase kinase‐3 protein kinases, in addition, for cytotoxic activity against two different human cancer cell lines.     

Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Helichrysum italicum</Emphasis> Essential Oil and Its Terpene and Terpenoid Fractions

The essential oil of Helichrysum italicum (Roth) G. Don from Croatia has been fractionated into terpene and terpenoid fractions and analyzed using GC/MS. Fifty-two compounds were identified. The main hydrocarbons of the oil were α-pinene (10.2%), α-cedrene (9.6%) aromadendrene (4.4%), β-caryophyllene (4.2%), and limonene (3.8%), while the main oxygen-containing compounds were neryl acetate (11.5%), 2-methylcyclohexyl pentanoate (8.3%), 2-methylcyclohexyl octanoate (4.8%), and geranyl acetate (4.7%). The essential oil and its terpene and terpenoid fractions were evaluated for antibacterial and antifungal activities. The screening of antimicrobial activity was conducted by a disc diffusion test and the minimum inhibitory concentration was determined against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Candida albicans. The essential oil and its terpenoid fraction exhibited higher antimicrobial activity with respect to the terpene fraction. The antimicrobial activities of the oil and its terpenoid fraction were more pronounced against Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans.__________Published in Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 29–32, January–February, 2005.     

Determination of the chemical composition and antioxidant,anticancer, and antibacterial properties of essential oil of Pulicaria crispa from Saudi Arabia

Essential oils obtained from plants play critical roles in food and medicine. In this study, the phytochemical composition of Pulicaria crispa essential oil, and its antibacterial, antioxidant and anticancer properties were determined in vitro. The essential oil was extracted from the aerial parts of P. crispa through hydro-distillation using a Clevenger-type apparatus, and it was analyzed with GC-MS. The most dominant chemical constituents of the essential oil were sesquiterpenes (78.26%). The higher constituents were β-caryophyllene oxide (33.97%), modephene (23.34%), geranyl propionate (6.32%), geranyl isovalerate (6.74%), 4-cadinadiene (5%), humulene (4.05%), and β-caryophyllene (2.73%). The essential oil exhibited DPPH radical activity, and it exerted antibacterial effect against gram positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. However, it had no antibacterial effect on gram negative bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Shigella sonnei, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli). The P. crispa essential oil produced significant cytotoxic effects against Hep-G2, MCF-7, Coca-2, and HT-29 ?cells. The oil was most toxic to Hep-G2 cells, based on its IC₂₀ and IC₅₀ values. These results indicate that the essential oil from P. crispa has potent biological properties which can be useful in the food and pharmaceutical industries.     

Chemical composition and antibacterial activity of the essential oil from Pyrrosia tonkinensis (Giesenhagen) Ching

The present study aimed to analyse the chemical components of the essential oil from Pyrrosia tonkinensis by GC-MS and evaluate the in vitro antibacterial activity. Twenty-eight compounds, representing 88.1% of the total essential oil, were identified and the major volatile components were trans-2-hexenal (22.1%), followed by nonanal (12.8%), limonene (9.6%), phytol (8.4%), 1-hexanol (3.8%), 2-furancarboxaldehyde (3.5%) and heptanal (3.1%). The antibacterial assays showed that the essential oil of P. tonkinensis had good antibacterial activities against all the tested microorganisms. This paper first reported the chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oil from P. tonkinensis.     

Antibacterial Activities of Crude Extract of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Aloe barbadensis</Emphasis> to Clinically Isolated Bacterial Pathogens

The antibacterial activity of Aloe barbadensis was tested on clinically isolated bacterial pathogens i.e. Enterococcus bovis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Proteus vulgaris, Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Morganella morganii, and Klebsiella pneumoniae causing infection in human being. Ethanolic and aqueous extracts were used for the antibacterial effect, which was measured by the appearance of zone of inhibition. Relatively higher MIC concentrations were obtained for gram negative bacteria E. coli and K. pneumoniae, with ethanol extract; however, no inhibitory effect was noted for aqueous extract. Ethanolic extract possesses great inhibitory activity for gram positive bacteria, E. bovis followed by S. aureus. Among gram negative bacteria, highest inhibitory effect was observed with P. aeruginosa, followed by M. morganii, P. mirabilis, and P. vulgaris, which was significant (p < 0.01) than E. coli and K. pneumoniae. Antimicrobial activity tests of crude extract of A. barbadensis were carried out to validate the use of traditional medicinal herbal and results of this study tend to give credence to the common use of A. barbadensis gel and leaf.     

Essential oil constituents,phenolic content and antioxidant activity of Lavandula stricta Delile growing wild in southern Iran

Lavandula stricta belongs to the Lamiaceae family and is considered as an endemic medicinal plant in southern Iran. Essential oil composition, total phenolic content and antioxidant activity from two different populations of L. stricta were studied for the first time. A GC and GC/MS analysis of essential oil isolated from the aerial part of L. stricta identified 31 constituents; the major constituents were α-pinene (58.34–63.52%), linalool (8.85–9.36%), 3-methyl butyl 2-methyl butanoate (7.45–7.70%), sabinene (2.84–3.56%), limonene (2.87–3.21%) and myrcene (2.25%). The total phenolic content of methanolic extracts was determined with the Folin–Ciocalteu reagent and the antioxidant activity of methanolic extract and essential oil were determined with the 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl free radical scavenging assay, respectively. Total phenols varied from 61.05 to 64.45 mg GAE/g dry weight, and IC₅₀ values in the radical scavenging assay ranged from 334.11 to 395.23 μg/mL in methanolic extracts and 420–475 μg/mL in essential oil.     

Chemical composition and antibacterial activity of the essential oil from Agathis dammara (Lamb.) Rich fresh leaves

The essential oil of fresh leaves from Agathis dammara (Lamb.) Rich was extracted using hydro-distillation, and GC-FID and GC–MS were used to analyse the essential oil. Nineteen compounds were identified, among which the major components were limonene (36.81%), β-bisabolene (33.43%) and β-myrcene (25.48%). In the antibacterial test, disc diffusion method and micro-well dilution assay proved that the essential oil had significant antibacterial activities. The inhibition zones against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were 23.7 and 23 mm, respectively, which demonstrated that the inhibition effects were greater than positive control (10 μg/disc streptomycin). And the lowest MIC value of the essential oil was found against S. aureus (1.25 mg/mL) and Bacillus subtilis (1.25 mg/mL). This is the first report on the antibacterial activities of A. dammara essential oil.     

A new sesquiterpene from the entomogenous fungus Phomopsis amygdali

A new sesquiterpene, (+)-S-1-methyl-abscisic-6-acid (1), together with five known compounds, (+)-S-abscisic acid (2), fusicoccin J (3), 3α-hydroxyfusicoccin J (4), (R)-5-hydroxymethylmellein (5) and 4-hydroxyphenethyl acetate (6) was isolated from the fermentation extract of Phomopsis amygdali, an entomogenous fungus isolated from Call midge. Their structures were determined mainly by analysis of MS and NMR spectroscopic data. Compounds 1–6 were tested for antimicrobial activity against three plant pathogenic fungi: Gibberella zeae, Verticillium albo-atrum, and Fusarium nivale, and two bacteria: Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa 2033E. As a result, compounds 1–4 displayed antibacterial activity against Gram-negative P. aeruginosa 2033E, and the minimum inhibition concentration (MIC value) of 1–4 is 30 μg/mL, 58 μg/mL, 26 μg/mL, and 26 μg/mL, respectively.     

In vitro antimicrobial activity of extracts and compounds isolated from Cladonia uncialis

Heptane (Hep), diethyl ether (Et₂O), acetone (Me₂CO) and methanolic (MeOH) extracts, as well as ( ? )-usnic acid and squamatic acid, were obtained from thallus of Cladonia uncialis (Cladoniaceae). The antimicrobial activities of these extracts, ( ? )-usnic acid and squamatic acid, were tested against reference strains: Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Candida albicans. In addition, Me₂CO extract was analysed against 10 strains of Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) isolated from patients. All extracts exerted antibacterial activity against the reference strain S. aureus, comparably to chloramphenicol [minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) = 5.0 μg/mL]. The Me₂CO extract exhibited the strongest activity against S. aureus (MIC = 0.5 μg/mL), higher than ( ? )-usnic acid, whereas squamatic acid proved inactive. The Me₂CO extract showed potent antimicrobial activity against MRSA (MIC 2.5–7.5 μg/mL). Also no activity of C. uncialis extracts against E. coli and C. albicans was observed.     

Chemical Composition Analysis and Antimicrobial Screening of the Essential Oil of a Rare Plant from Jordan: Ducrosia flabellifolia

The composition of the essential oil isolated from the fresh and dry leaves of Ducrosia flabellifolia Boiss. (Apiaceae) was determined by gas chromatography and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry using hydrodistillation and solid phase microextraction (SPME). The hydrodistilled oil of the fresh leaves yielded 38 components, accounting for 98.67% of the total oil content, while thirty components were detected from the fresh leaves by solid phase microextraction (94.85%). Fifty-one and 36 components were identified in the hydrodistilled and SPME oils of the dried leaves amounting to 98.78% and 94.52%, respectively. A total of 25 components accounting for 97.24% of the total composition were characterized in the SPME oil of the fresh flowers. Aliphatic compounds predominated in the volatile fractions of the leaves and flowers of both methods with n-decanol, n-decanal, and dodecanal as the main constituents. The α- and ß-pinene were the major monoterpenoids in the oils. The hydrodistilled oil was screened for its antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. The minimal inhibitory concentration of the volatile oil was determined using a microdilution method in 96 well plates against a panel of gram (+), gram (?) bacteria, and fungi. Overnight cultures of reference strains of Candida albicans, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus were used as test microorganisms. The oil exhibited the best activity against C. albicans (MIC 234 µg/mL) and S. aureus (MIC 234 µg/mL) whereas weak activity was detected against E. coli and P. aeruginosa. No antioxidant activity could be detected.     

Chemical composition and in vitro antifungal and antioxidant activity of the essential oil and methanolic extract of Teucrium sauvagei Le Houerou

The chemical composition and the in vitro antifungal and antioxidant activity of the essential oil and the methanolic leaf extracts of Teucrium sauvagei Le Houerou, an endemic medicinal plant growing in Tunisia, have been studied. More than 35 constituents having an abundance >or=0.2% were identified in the oil. beta-Eudesmol, T-cadinol, alpha-thujene, gamma-cadinene, and sabinene were the prevalent constituents. Results of the antifungal activity tests indicated that the methanolic extract inhibited the in vitro growth of seven dermatophytes, whereas the essential oil showed average inhibition against only three dermatophytes. In vitro antioxidant properties of the essential oil and the methanolic extract were determined by DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) and ABTS (2,2'-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid)) assays and compared to those of the synthetic antioxidant Trolox. Due to their antifungal and antioxidant properties, the essential oil and the methanolic extract of T. sauvagei may be of use as natural preservative ingredients in food and/or pharmaceutical industries.     

Modulation of antibiotic activity by the hydroalcoholic extract from leaves of Caryocar coriaceum WITTM

The aim of this study was to identify the presence of tannins, phenols and flavonoids on the hydroalcoholic extract of Caryocar coriaceum leaves (HECCL) and to determine the antioxidant and antibacterial activity of this extract. The extract was tested alone (1024–1 μg/mL) or associated (MIC/8) with several antibiotics in order to identify any antibacterial activity against multiresistant bacterial strains (Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa). The existence of tannins, total phenols (901.31 mg/g) and flavonoids (89.68 mg/g) was confirmed in the HECCL. The presence of rutin and quercetin were confirmed by Thin-layer chromatography (TLC). Using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method, the antioxidant activity of the extract (9 μg/mL) was determined. Moreover, the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) value found for HECCL was 1024 μg/mL and the association between HECCL (MIC/8) with benzylpenicillin significantly changed its minimum inhibitory concentration from 2500 to 625 μg/mL against E. coli.