利用二维红外相关光谱研究胶原/透明质酸共混物的相互作用

以胶原/透明质酸共混物中透明质酸的含量为外扰,利用二维红外相关光谱法研究了胶原/透明质酸共混物的构象变化及它们之间的相互作用.研究发现,1694,1524与1241 cm-1归属于胶原酰胺带的C=O对称伸缩振动、N-H摇摆与N-H面内变形振动峰之间存在同步正交叉峰,表明随着透明质酸组分的增加,胶原的链段构象发生了变化.当胶原/透明质酸共混体系中透明质酸含量由0增至50%时,1045cm-1归属于透明质酸的C-OH伸缩振动峰与1694 cm-1归属于胶原C=O对称伸缩振动峰存在同步负交叉峰,表明透明质酸的O-H与胶原分子的C=O之间形成了氢键;当透明质酸含量从50%增至90%时,1045 cm-1的同步峰几乎消失,而在φ(1694,1524),φ(1694,1241),φ(1524,1241)出现的正交叉峰反而增强,说明透明质酸的O-H不再与胶原形成氢键,而是透明质酸的C=O与胶原分子的N-H之间形成氢键,致使胶原构象发生了变化.     

红外光谱方法研究分子间配位及氢键相互作用

采用浓度作为扰动构建二维相关光谱,利用该法并结合固相研磨反应、差减光谱等辅助手段探讨了邻氨基苯甲酸钠/氯化钕的弱配位及2-乙基己基磷酸-2-乙基己酯（PC88A）/环烷酸（NA）的分子间缔合相互作用。这些分子间相互作用在普通的一维光谱上没有明显的谱峰变化。对于第一个体系,在二维同步相关谱上Nd^3＋的f—f电子跃迁均与邻氨基苯甲酸钠的紫外吸收间存在交叉峰。在与等摩尔的氯化钕进行固相研磨反应后,邻氨基苯甲酸钠的羧酸根、氨基、苯环骨架等振动均产生明显的变化,表明羧酸根、氨基等均不同程度与钕离子发生配位作用;对于第二个体系,在二维同步相关谱上NA的羧基伸缩振动与PC88A的POH伸缩振动间存在交叉峰。差减光谱显示,当PC88A与NA混合后,P=O伸缩振动由1199cm^-1移向1161cm^-1,POH伸缩振动由983cm^-1移向965cm-1,体现了PC88A/NA间的分子间缔合相互作用。     

梧桐树叶吸附铜离子前后红外光谱分析比较

本文对吸附Cu2 前后梧桐树叶的红外光谱进行了分析比较.梧桐树叶的红外吸收光谱图主要由碳水化合物如木质素、纤维素等吸收带组成.1735cm-1和1615cm-1处的吸收峰是由C=O的伸缩振动引起的;1515cm-1的吸收峰是苯环的骨架振动峰,1243cm-1处是苯羟基中C-O的伸缩振动峰.1447cm-1处的吸收峰为CH3和CH2的不对称弯曲振动峰,1370cm-1处是甲基的弯曲振动峰.吸附Cu2 后,羧基的羰基峰(1735cm-1附近)向低波数移动1-2cm-1,酮羰基峰(1616cm-1附近)向高波数移动2-8cm-1;天然树叶1242cm-1处的吸收峰红移至1238cm-1处.红外光谱比较分析的结果表明吸附Cu2 后树叶的结构仍保持完整.     

NH4+离子的结构和振动光谱

用Gaussian 03W 程序中的密度泛函B3LYP/6-31+G(d)方法对氨分子的质子化产物NH4+离子的可能几何构型进行了结构优化和频率计算,得到了它的稳定结构和红外振动光谱. 通过对计算结果的分析发现,NH4+的稳定构型为正四面体结构,属Td分子点群;它的红外振动光谱中共有两个位于3390 cm-1和1478 cm-1处的三重简并振动峰,分别对应着N-H键的反对称伸缩振动和弯曲振动.     

银(Ⅰ)、镉(Ⅱ)4-巯基吡啶配合物的光谱研究

采用常规溶液反应蒸发法以4-巯基吡啶(简写为4-MPy)为有机配体与银、镉的硝酸盐合成了两种金属有机配合物。并利用红外、拉曼、紫外-可见光谱技术对4-MPy及合成的配位化合物进行了研究,对主要红外和拉曼谱带进行了经验归属,并进一步讨论了配体和配合物的特征吸收谱带与配合物结构间的关系。在红外光谱中,配体在1 459cm-1处的吸收峰归属为CC和CN复合振动峰,形成配合物后在两种配合物中,此吸收峰分别向高波数位移至1 464和1 464cm-1。在拉曼光谱中,两种有机配位化合物在1 004和1 008cm-1处归属为环呼吸振动峰、在1 617和1 615cm-1处归属为环伸缩振动峰、在720和720cm-1处归属为β(C—C)和ν(C—S)的复合振动峰,各自十分相似。     

肺癌患者及正常人指甲的红外光谱比较研究

用傅立叶变换红外光谱研究了6例肺癌患者和16例正常人手指甲的红外光谱.结果表明,它们在峰形,峰频率,峰强等方面均有差异:在3315cm-1处蛋白质酰胺A带N-H峰向低波数频移,而在3061cm-1处蛋白质酰胺B带N-H峰向高波数频移;在1539cm-1处蛋白质酰胺I带和1396cm-1处角蛋白脂质CH3弯曲振动向低波数频移;CH2和CH3的相对吸收强度比值A2848/A2872和A2918/A2956在肺癌患者指甲中要小于正常人指甲;在1072cm-1处核酸分子磷酸二酯基团PO-2的对称伸缩振动的相对吸收强度明显高于正常人指甲;在1041cm-1处糖原C-O的伸缩和弯曲振动峰向高波数频移了约6cm-1.     

二氰胺根分子内费米振动耦合能量转移的超快二维红外光谱

二氰胺根离子(N(CN)-2,DCA)的C≡N对称及反对称伸缩振动(νas,C≡N和νss,C≡N)和N—C伸缩振动的和频峰(νas,N—C+νss,N—C)之间由于费米共振作用存在振动耦合。本文研究了二氰胺钠在DMSO溶液中的超快二维红外(2DIR)光谱和超快红外泵浦探测(IR PP)光谱。结合该体系的傅里叶变换红外(FTIR)光谱实验结果,对二氰胺根离子体系中的分子内振动能量转移过程进行了分析。     

老鹳草中药材红外光谱的分析与鉴定

采用红外光谱、二阶导数光谱和二维相关红外光谱对来自黑龙江、吉林、辽宁三省的老鹳草中药材进行了分析。不同产地的老鹳草的红外光谱都具有1 730和1 337 cm-1等表征鞣质类成分的特征吸收峰和1 618和1 318 cm-1波数表征草酸钙的特征峰。其中还发现在1 370 cm-1的C—H弯曲振动区和1 230 cm-1的C—O伸缩振动区三产地老鹳草具有一定的差异性。在高分辨的二阶导数谱中, 1 509,1 204,764和763 cm-1附近的表征鞣质类成分的吸收峰更明显,三产地老鹳草在CO羰基伸缩振动区表征了脂肪类化合物的不同;尤其是在二维相关光谱上,各自的自动峰具有显著的差异性,黑龙江的老鹳草出现了7个自动峰,其中1 621 cm-1处自动峰最强;而在吉林和辽宁产地的老鹳草中同样出现了4个自动峰,前者1 580 cm-1处的自动峰最强,后者在1 649 cm-1处自动峰最强。该方法直观、简单、方便、快速,可以作为鉴别和鉴定同种不同产地老鹤草的一种新方法。     

基于二维相关技术的氯吡脲拉曼光谱分析

氯吡脲作为一种苯脲类生长调节剂,被广泛应用于果蔬中,但是氯吡脲若过量使用,会严重影响果蔬的内在质量,且摄入过多会影响人的身体健康。现有的检测方法,虽然技术上成熟、精度高,但技术条件要求高、样品预处理过程复杂、耗时、检测费用高。利用二维相关拉曼光谱技术对乙酸乙酯中氯吡脲的浓度变化进行检测研究,建立一种灵敏、快速、高效的检测果蔬中氯吡脲的技术提供理论基础,对食品安全具有重大意义。采集氯吡脲粉末的拉曼光谱图,结合氯吡脲分子的结构图可对拉曼光谱谱图中的峰进行归属。配置浓度分别为2.5,5.0,7.5,10.0,12.5,15.0,17.5和20.0 g·L-1的氯吡脲乙酸乙酯溶液并采集拉曼光谱,对不同浓度的氯吡脲乙酸乙酯溶液的光谱数据进行二维相关分析,得到氯吡脲的拉曼二维相关同步谱图和异步谱图,分析同步谱图得出842, 992, 1 044, 1 442和1 604 cm-1的几处交叉峰具有协同作用,随着氯吡脲浓度的升高而升高;分析异步谱图得出交叉峰敏感性为1 044 cm-1>992 cm-1>842 cm-1,1 735 cm-1>1 604 cm-1>1 442 cm-1,842 cm-1>1 735 cm-1。结果表明,乙酸乙酯中氯吡脲的拉曼特征吸收峰分别为842,992,1 044,1 442,1 604和1 735 cm-1,其中1 044 cm-1（苯环的环伸缩振动）、992 cm-1（吡啶环的环呼吸振动）、842 cm-1（C-O-N假对称的伸缩振动）、1 735 cm-1（C=O伸缩振动）对氯吡脲浓度变化比较敏感,敏感度顺序为苯环的环伸缩振动>吡啶环的环呼吸振动>C-O-N假对称的伸缩振动>C=O伸缩振动>多个耦合峰的C=C伸缩振动>C-H的变形振动。拉曼光谱与二维相关技术相结合可以准确地反映出氯吡脲随浓度变化,为果蔬中氯吡脲含量的检测奠定了理论基础。     

氮化碳分子内振动能量转移的超快二维红外光谱

利用碱处理法剥离制备了氮化碳重水胶体溶液,通过FTIR光谱表征发现其具有三个C=N伸缩振动吸收峰。根据文献构建了一系列氮化碳模型分子并对其开展振动光谱计算,对三个吸收峰进行了系统指认,结果表明三个吸收峰分别来自于三个不同区域的3-s-三嗪C=N键的伸缩振动。超快时间分辨的二维红外光谱手段观测到了发生在三个不同C=N伸缩振动模式间的能量转移。     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Hybrid Wavelength and Code Division Multiple Access in Optical Networks

A review of schemes for multiple access in fiber optic networks shows that a hybrid of wavelength and code division multiple access (WCDMA) combines the best features of both. In particular, the hybrid scheme retains the large information carrying capacity of wavelength division multiple access (WDMA) and flexibility of code division multiple access (CDMA). In this paper WDMA, optical CDMA (OCDMA), and WCDMA networks are discussed. In OCDMA networks, concept of incoherent and coherent coding including inverse decoding and matched filter is introduced. The delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks, under the simple suboptimum access protocols based on cyclic search, is computed. It has been shown quantitatively that tuning delay significantly affects the delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks. Futhermore, delay performance of WCDMA networks is always better than the WDMA networks for the same tuning delay, load, and number of users.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Research on beamforming method for dual-line array with space mismatch between the two line arrays

The performance of port/starboard discrimination of dual-line array will be seriously degraded when the space between the two line arrays of the dual-line array is mismatched. The directivity function of the delay-sum and delay-subtract beamforming is deduced and the port/starboard discrimination of the delay-sum and delay-subtract beamforming is also studied both under the ideal status and the status under which the space between the two line arrays of the dual-line array is mismatched. Analysis results show the delay-subtract beamforming has better performance of port/starboard discrimination. At last, the sea trial results demonstrate the theoretical results.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Retrieval of ultraviolet skylight radiances and O3 slant column densities from balloon-borne limb spectrometer

With a novel light-weight and absolutely calibrated ultraviolet （UV） spectrometer, UV skylight radiances and O3 slant column densities are measured by balloon-borne limb measurements in Xinjiang area, China. UV skylight radiances measured at the height of 31 km are compared with the results from Modtran in the wavelength range from 290 to 420 nm. O3 slant column densities are derived from radiance spectra in the Huggins bands （320 - 335 nm） using differential optical absorption spectroscopy method. And the parameter exhibits a good correlation with the same value simulated by radiative transfer model （Tracy）. The O3 profile simultaneously measured by an O3 sonde is used as input in Tracy calculations. The O3 sonde is launched on the same balloon.     

Design optimization of highly sensitive LSPR enhanced surface plasmon resonance biosensors with nanoholes

For breaking through the sensitivity limitation of conventional surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensors, novel highly sensitive SPR biosensors with Au nanoparticles and nanogratings enhancement have been proposed recently.But in practice, these structures have obvious disadvantages.In this study, a nanohole based sensitivity enhancement SPR biosensor is proposed and the influence of different structural parameters on the performance is investigated by using rigorous coupled wave analysis (RCWA).Electromagnetic field distributions around the nanohole are also given out to directly explain the performance difference for various structural parameters.The results indicate that significant sensitivity increase is associated with localized surface plasmons (LSPs) excitation mediated by nanoholes.Except to outcome the weakness of other LSP based biosensors, larger resonance angle shift, reflectance amplitude, and sharper SPR curves' width are obtained simultaneously under optimized structural parameters.     

Polymer gratings based on photopolymerization for low-order distributed feedback polymer lasers

Novel polymer distributed feedback(DFB)gratings are fabricated based on photopolymerization to reduce lasing threshold of polymer lasers.A photopolymer formulation sensitive to 355-nm ultraviolet(UV)light is proposed for the fabrication of polymer gratings and it can be used to form polymer films by spin-coating process.A very low surface-relief depth ranging from 12.5 to about 1.0 nm has been demonstrated with a refractive-index modulation of about 0.012.The experimental results indicate that such polymer gratings have promising potentials for the fabrication of low-order DFB organic semiconductor lasers.