Ag偏离化学计量比Ag1-xPb18SbTe20材料的热电传输性能

采用熔融-淬火-放电等离子体烧结制备了Ag偏离化学计量比Ag1-xPb18SbTe20(x=0,0.25,0.50,0.75)样品,研究了Ag含量对样品热电传输性能的影响.结果表明,随Ag含量降低,样品中出现少量第二相Sb2Te3,样品载流子浓度增加到5×1018cm-3后不再增加.样品载流子迁移率随Ag含量降低先降低后增加,随着温度增加,载流子散射机理由电离杂质散射转变为声学波散射.随Ag含量降低,样品电导率增加而Seebeck系数降低,热导率增加.     

KNb_(1-x)Mg_xO_(3-δ)的高温高压合成及输运性质研究

采用高温高压法制备了KNb1-xMgxO3 -δ(x =0 .0～ 0 .3)氧离子导电材料 ,使用XRD、TG-DTA及交流复阻抗谱对样品的结构和离子导电性进行了表征。实验结果表明 ,高压降低了合成温度 ,合成的KNb1-xMgxO3 -δ系列固溶体与其母体KNbO3 一样都为正交钙钛矿结构 ,晶胞参数随掺杂量的增加而略微增大。固溶体KNb1-xMgxO3 -δ具有离子导电特征 ,通过拟合阻抗谱数据获得了该材料晶粒电导、晶界电导和体电导率与温度的关系。样品的晶界电阻较高 ,晶界效应十分明显 ,离子跳跃传导可能在其输运机制中占据主导地位。在x =0 .1附近 ,电导率达到最大值 ,70 0℃时为 1.2× 10 - 3 S·cm- 1。     

Co掺杂对YBa_2Cu_3O_(7-δ)电阻率与塞贝克系数的影响

用固态反应法制备了YBa2Cu3-xCoxO7-δ(x=0.0,0.1,0.2,0.5)样品,研究了Co掺杂对YBa2Cu3O7-δ高温区的电阻率和塞贝克系数的影响。随着Co含量的增加,样品的电阻率和塞贝克系数逐渐增大,从金属性导电转变为p型半导体导电。x=0.2和0.5样品的电导活化能在500K处发生突变,高温区的活化能大于低温区的活化能。通过塞贝克系数与温度的关系,计算出x=0.2和0.5样品的费米能级分别为0.02和0.12 eV。当温度高于650-700K时,氧脱附显著影响样品的电输运性质,导致电阻率和塞贝克系数随温度增加而增大。     

Lu~(3+)掺杂对CdO陶瓷电、热输运性能的影响

利用传统固相烧结法制备了Cd1-xLuxO(x=0%,0.1%,0.5%,0.75%,1.0%,1.25%,1.5%,2%)陶瓷样品并研究了Lu3+掺杂对其电、热输运性能的影响.随着Lu3+掺杂浓度的增大,Cd1-xLuxO样品的室温载流子浓度持续增大而其迁移率表现出先增大后减小的趋势.在300—1000 K测试温度区间内,Cd1-xLuxO的电导率表现出金属电导行为且其电导率和热导率均随着Lu3+掺杂浓度的增大而升高;塞贝克系数在整个测试区间内均为负值,其随温度和载流子浓度的变化关系可用自由电子模型描述.     

KNb1-xMgxO3-δ的高温高压合成及输运性质研究

采用高温高压法制备了KNb1-xMgxO3-δ (x=0.0～0.3)氧离子导电材料,使用XRD、TG-DTA及交流复阻抗谱对样品的结构和离子导电性进行了表征.实验结果表明,高压降低了合成温度,合成的KNb1-xMgxO3-δ系列固溶体与其母体 KNbO3一样都为正交钙钛矿结构,晶胞参数随掺杂量的增加而略微增大.固溶体KNb1-xMgxO3- δ具有离子导电特征,通过拟合阻抗谱数据获得了该材料晶粒电导、晶界电导和体电导率与温度的关系.样品的晶界电阻较高,晶界效应十分明显,离子跳跃传导可能在其输运机制中占据主导地位.在x=0.1附近,电导率达到最大值,700℃时为1.2×10-3S* cm-1.     

方钴矿化合物FexCo4-xSb12的高温高压合成及其电输运特性研究

采用高压合成技术,在1.5 GPa,900 K的合成压力和温度条件下成功合成出了系列Fe置换掺杂型方钴矿化合物FexCo4-xSb12 ,其中x＝ 0,0.2,0.6,0.8. 详细研究了FexCo4-xSb12 样品在300 K ~ 700 K温度范围内的电阻率、Seebeck系数和功率因子（S2σ）随温度和Fe掺杂量的变化关系. 研究结果表明：在测试温度范围内,随着温度的升高,样品的电阻率和Seebeck系数逐渐增大. 随着Fe含量的增加,样品的电阻率和Seebeck系数先增加后减小. 与常压下相同样品比较,高压合成方法制备的样品的电学输运特性有了明显的提高. 上述研究结果表明,高压合成技术在制备热电材料方面能够有效地提高样品的电输运特性.     

Ag偏离化学计量比Ag1－xPb18SbTe20材料的热电传输性能

采用熔融-淬火-放电等离子体烧结制备了Ag偏离化学计量比Ag_1-xPb₁₈SbTe₂₀(x=0，0.25，0.50，0.75)样品，研究了Ag含量对样品热电传输性能的影响.结果表明，随Ag含量降低，样品中出现少量第二相Sb₂Te₃，样品载流子浓度增加到5×10¹⁸cm^-3后不再增加.样品载流子迁移率随Ag含量降低先降低后增加，随着温度增加，载流子散射机理由电离杂质散射转变为声学波散射.随Ag含量降低，样品电导率增加而Seebeck系数降低，热导率增加. 关键词： 热电材料 mSbTe_m+2')" href="#">AgPb_mSbTe_m+2 SPS 散射机理     

钙钛矿钴氧化物La_(0.5-x)Nd_xSr_(0.5)CoO_3(x=0,0.1,0.15)的磁性和电输运性质

本文采用传统固相反应法制备多晶La_(0.5-x)Nd_xSr_(0.5)CoO_3(x=0,0.1,0.15)系列样品,通过测量其磁化强度与温度变化曲线(M~T)、磁化强度与外场变化曲线(M~H)、电子自旋共振谱(ESR)和电阻率与温度变化曲线(ρ~T)对样品的磁性和电输运性质进行了研究.结果表明:由于Nd~(3+)离子掺杂,使得系统中Co~(3+)和Co~(4+)离子之间的铁磁耦合增大,自旋与晶格的耦合作用增强,从而导致掺杂前后样品的磁性方面发生了改变:样品的铁磁转变温度TC和磁熵变值|ΔSM|均随掺杂量x的增加而增大,三个样品的TC分别为:190K、205K和233K,x=0.0样品在TC附近的相变为二级相变,x=0.1和x=0.15样品在TC附近的相变为一级相变.同样的,Nd~(3+)离子掺杂使得样品在电输运性质方面也发生了改变:由于Nd~(3+)离子掺杂,体系内Co离子的自旋态和无序性等均发生改变,从而使x=0.1样品中铁磁导电区域增大,尽管x=0.0和x=0.1样品均表现出绝缘体行为,但是随着掺杂量x的增加,电阻率大幅降低.     

钙钛矿结构La1-xSrxCoO3(x=0.7,0.8,0.9,1.0)样品的铁磁相变和绝缘-金属转变

利用固相反应法及溶胶凝胶法我们制备了多晶La1-xSrxCoO3(x=0.7,0.8,0.9,1.0)样品.X射线衍射谱表明,La1-xSrxCoO3样品呈ABO3型钙钛矿结构,晶格常数随着x的增加而增大.与钙钛矿结构的锰氧化物类似,电阻率随温度变化以及磁化强度随温度变化的关系强烈依赖于掺杂浓度.x=0.7和0.8的样品在低温下显示铁磁性,而x=0.9和1.0的样品磁化强度随温度变化没有显示铁磁转变.电阻率随温度的变化似乎与磁化率测量相对应,在x=0.8和0.9样品之间存在绝缘-金属转变.     

新型混合离子-电子导体Sm0.9Ca0.1Al1-xMnxO3-δ的制备及其电性能研究

采用有机凝胶法结合固相烧结技术制备了单相的Sm0.9Ca0.1Al1-xMnxO3-δ(SCAM, x=0.1-0.5)新型混合离子-电子导体.通过TG-DTA,XRD和直流四引线法研究了凝胶前驱体的热分解和相转化过程、烧结体的结构、相稳定性、导电性能及其电输运机理.结果表明,凝胶前驱体在900℃焙烧5h可以形成完全晶化的四方钙钛矿相纳米粉体,SCAM陶瓷样品在还原气氛下的相稳定性随Mn含量的升高而降低.经高温烧结制得的SCAM陶瓷的总电导率取决于p型电导,其值随Mn含量和温度的升高而增大,导电行为符合p型小极化子跳跃机理. 随烧结温度的升高或保温时间的延长,SCAM9155的电导率和相对密度先增大后减小,1600℃烧结10h的SCAM9155样品具有最高的电导率和相对密度(98.2%),该样品在空气和5%H2/Ar气氛中850℃时的电导率分别为7.30和1.91eV.具有较高电导率的Ca,Mn掺杂的SmAlO3有望成为一种新型的SOFC阳极材料.     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Hybrid Wavelength and Code Division Multiple Access in Optical Networks

A review of schemes for multiple access in fiber optic networks shows that a hybrid of wavelength and code division multiple access (WCDMA) combines the best features of both. In particular, the hybrid scheme retains the large information carrying capacity of wavelength division multiple access (WDMA) and flexibility of code division multiple access (CDMA). In this paper WDMA, optical CDMA (OCDMA), and WCDMA networks are discussed. In OCDMA networks, concept of incoherent and coherent coding including inverse decoding and matched filter is introduced. The delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks, under the simple suboptimum access protocols based on cyclic search, is computed. It has been shown quantitatively that tuning delay significantly affects the delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks. Futhermore, delay performance of WCDMA networks is always better than the WDMA networks for the same tuning delay, load, and number of users.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Research on beamforming method for dual-line array with space mismatch between the two line arrays

The performance of port/starboard discrimination of dual-line array will be seriously degraded when the space between the two line arrays of the dual-line array is mismatched. The directivity function of the delay-sum and delay-subtract beamforming is deduced and the port/starboard discrimination of the delay-sum and delay-subtract beamforming is also studied both under the ideal status and the status under which the space between the two line arrays of the dual-line array is mismatched. Analysis results show the delay-subtract beamforming has better performance of port/starboard discrimination. At last, the sea trial results demonstrate the theoretical results.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Retrieval of ultraviolet skylight radiances and O3 slant column densities from balloon-borne limb spectrometer

With a novel light-weight and absolutely calibrated ultraviolet （UV） spectrometer, UV skylight radiances and O3 slant column densities are measured by balloon-borne limb measurements in Xinjiang area, China. UV skylight radiances measured at the height of 31 km are compared with the results from Modtran in the wavelength range from 290 to 420 nm. O3 slant column densities are derived from radiance spectra in the Huggins bands （320 - 335 nm） using differential optical absorption spectroscopy method. And the parameter exhibits a good correlation with the same value simulated by radiative transfer model （Tracy）. The O3 profile simultaneously measured by an O3 sonde is used as input in Tracy calculations. The O3 sonde is launched on the same balloon.     

Design optimization of highly sensitive LSPR enhanced surface plasmon resonance biosensors with nanoholes

For breaking through the sensitivity limitation of conventional surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensors, novel highly sensitive SPR biosensors with Au nanoparticles and nanogratings enhancement have been proposed recently.But in practice, these structures have obvious disadvantages.In this study, a nanohole based sensitivity enhancement SPR biosensor is proposed and the influence of different structural parameters on the performance is investigated by using rigorous coupled wave analysis (RCWA).Electromagnetic field distributions around the nanohole are also given out to directly explain the performance difference for various structural parameters.The results indicate that significant sensitivity increase is associated with localized surface plasmons (LSPs) excitation mediated by nanoholes.Except to outcome the weakness of other LSP based biosensors, larger resonance angle shift, reflectance amplitude, and sharper SPR curves' width are obtained simultaneously under optimized structural parameters.     

Polymer gratings based on photopolymerization for low-order distributed feedback polymer lasers

Novel polymer distributed feedback(DFB)gratings are fabricated based on photopolymerization to reduce lasing threshold of polymer lasers.A photopolymer formulation sensitive to 355-nm ultraviolet(UV)light is proposed for the fabrication of polymer gratings and it can be used to form polymer films by spin-coating process.A very low surface-relief depth ranging from 12.5 to about 1.0 nm has been demonstrated with a refractive-index modulation of about 0.012.The experimental results indicate that such polymer gratings have promising potentials for the fabrication of low-order DFB organic semiconductor lasers.