5个非洲菊品种9种营养元素的分布规律初探

为了研究非洲菊中营养元素的分布规律,采用湿法消解ICP-AES测定5个非洲菊品种的9种营养元素.结果显示:9种元素呈现K＞Ca＞P＞Mg＞Fe＞B＞Mn＞Zn＞Cu的趋势.1号品种叶中Ca、Mg、Mn、Zn含量最高.2号品种叶中Cu含量最高,花中P含量最高;蕾中Ca、Mg含量最低.3号品种蕾中K含量最高;叶中P含量最低.4号品种花中B含量最高;叶中K含量最低.5号品种叶中Fe含量最高,Cu含量最低;蕾中Mn含量最低,花中Zn、B含量最低.这些结果对合理施肥具有指导作用.     

微波消解ICP-AES测定黄瓜果实膨大生长过程中的矿质元素

采用微波消解电感耦合等离子体-原子发射光谱法对黄瓜果实膨大生长过程中的矿质元素B、Ca、Cu、Fe、K、Mg、Mn、Zn含量进行了测定,分析结果的相对标准偏差为0.22%—6.02%。该方法简单、快速、可靠、灵敏度高,且多元素可以同时测定,能满足实际样品分析需要。实验表明,在黄瓜果实膨大生长过程中,矿质元素的含量发生了显著变化,但整体上都呈下降趋势。在整个果实膨大过程中,Ca、K、Mg含量最高,Cu、Mn含量最低。该研究结果为今后深入研究矿质元素与果实膨大生长的相关性提供了理论依据。     

微波消解-ICP—AES同时测定黄芪中10种微量元素

用硝酸和过氧化氢作为消解剂,微波消解技术处理黄芪样品,建立了微波消解-电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法（ICP-AES）同时测定黄芪中K、P、Ca、Mg、Fe、Sn、Mn、Cu、Zn和Cr等10种微量元素含量的方法。通过对样品微波消解条件和ICP-AES工作参数进行了优化,测定了各元素的分析线性、检出限、精密度和回收率等。各测试元素的校准曲线均具有良好的线性关系,检出限符合分析要求;以西红柿叶标准样品EPS-1验证,测得方法回收率为89.7%—112.8%,相对标准偏差（RSD）〈5.0%;黄芪样品的加标回收率为90.4%—107.0%,RSD〈5.0%。该方法具有良好的准确度和精密度,且具有快速、高效等特点。测定结果表明,黄芪中富含有K、P、Ca、Mg、Fe和Sn等元素,并据此对黄芪中富含的各元素与其特殊药理功效的关系做了初步讨论。     

荆芥不同器官在不同采收时间的ICP-AES矿质元素分析

各种矿质元素在荆芥各器官间贮藏差异。从矿质元素角度了解荆芥合理的药用部位组成以及收时间。应用ICP-AES技术,测定并分析了在不同采收时间,荆芥的不同器官矿质元素含量、累积量和比例。结果显示, 在不同采收时间,(1)荆芥穗中常量矿质元素K, P和微量矿质元素Cu含量最高,荆芥叶中常量元素Mg, Ca, Na和微量元素Fe, Mn, Zn含量最高。(2)荆芥不同器官所含常量元素中Ca和K含量最高,Na含量最低;所含微量元素中Fe含量最高,Mo含量最低。(3)在荆芥茎中,K∶P最高,而Zn∶Cu则为最低;Ca∶Mg和Fe∶Mn在荆芥穗中最低。(4)随着采收时间的推移,各元素在荆芥不同器官中的含量变化并不显著。荆芥茎中各矿质元素含量均较低; 从矿质元素含量的角度看,在合理的采收时间范围内,荆芥的质量受时间影响不显著。     

狭叶红景天中7种无机元素的含量测定及比较研究

采用原子吸收光谱法分别测定野生和种植狭叶红景天及大花红景天中K、Ca、Mg、Fe、Mn、Zn、Cu 7种元素的含量,观察3种药材各元素的含量及差异。结果显示,野生和种植狭叶红景天各元素含量大小顺序均为KMgCaFeMnZnCu,除Mn外,种植狭叶红景天中的其他各元素均高于野生,结果表明,种植与野生的狭叶红景天无机成分无明显差异;而大花红景天中Ca的含量最高,除Ca以外的其他各元素含量大小顺序则与狭叶红景天相同;狭叶红景天中Fe、Cu、Zn、Mg、K的含量丰富,且明显高于大花红景天;而大花红景天中Ca、Mn的含量则高于狭叶红景天。为研究狭叶红景天中无机元素与疗效的内在关系以及对其合理药用提供可靠依据。     

超声波提取-火焰原子吸收光谱法测定金银花中的Fe、Cu和Pb

建立了湿法和超声波提取处理样品,火焰原子吸收光谱法测定金银花湿法消解液及超声波提取液中Fe,Cu和Pb元素含量的方法.金银花中3种元素的含量Fe＞Cu＞Pb,硝酸作为提取剂,提取元素的溶出率的大小:Cu＞Pb＞Fe,回收率为85％-107％,RSD为0.6-1.0％.结果表明,超声波提取能较好地提取金银花中微量元素,元...     

安徽茶园茶叶中四种大量元素和七种微量元素的含量分析及生物富集研究

主要采用电感耦合等离子体质谱技术(inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry,ICP-MS)测定了安徽茶园茶叶中四种大量元素(Ca,K,Mg,P)和七种微量元素(Al,Mn,Fe,Cu,Zn,Cd 和Pb)含量,并进行了生物富集分析。结果表明,嫩叶中Ca,K,Mg 和 P的含量最高(Ⅰ, >3.0 mg·g-1),Al,Mn,Zn 和 Fe的含量次之(Ⅱ, 0.2～3.0 mg·g-1),Cu,Pb 和 Cd的含量最低(Ⅲ, <0.05 mg·g-1);而老叶中含量最高的是Ca,K,Mg 和Al(Ⅰ, >3.0 mg·g-1),P,Mn,Zn 和 Fe的含量次之(Ⅱ, 0.2～3.0 mg·g-1),Cu,Pb 和 Cd的含量最低(Ⅲ, <0.05 mg·g-1)。其中,P和Mn是茶叶中富集能力最强的;此外,Cu, Pb和Cd的含量低于相关的限量标准。聚类分析结果表明舒茶早和龙井43两个品种之间矿质元素的组成没有显著性的差异。     

ICP-AES测定切花向日葵的营养元素

湿法消解处理切花向日葵根、茎、叶、花等器官,采用ICP-AES测定P、K、Ca、Mg、B、Fe、Cu、Mn、Zn的含量,结果显示,K、P、Zn、B在叶中含量最高,Ca、Mg、Mn在茎中含量最高,而Fe、Cu在根中的含量最高;K、Mg在根中含量最低,P、Zn在茎中含量最低,Ca、Fe、B、Cu、Mn在花中含量最低.实验结果将为向日葵切花生产提供理论依据.     

ICP-MS用于新疆紫草的无机元素初级形态分析及其溶出特性研究

应用电感耦合等离子体质谱技术(ICP-MS),分析了新疆紫草中20多种无机元素的初级形态;并研究了不同提取溶剂对其溶出特性的影响。结果显示：在消解方法上,高温密封消解较之微波辅助消解(MAP)能更彻底地消解样品,达到分析要求;在溶液中,除了K,Zn以溶解态为主要存在形式外,其余绝大部分元素主要以悬浮态存在;不同提取溶剂的极性与所分析的无机元素密切相关。Mg,K,Ca,Mn,Tl, Co和Pb等7种元素的提取得率与其提取溶剂极性呈完全的正比例关系,其余元素尽管略有差异,但基本上呈线性关系。     

瑶药野葛花中6种无机元素的测定

用原子吸收光谱法测定野葛花原生药、野葛花汤剂中的 Ca、Mg、Cu、Zn、Fe、Mn等 6种无机元素含量。结果表明 ,原药和水煎液中 Ca、Mg含量比较丰富 ;各种元素的煎出率存在着较大的差异 ,其中 Cu、Zn、Fe的煎出率较高 ,Zn最高 ,达到了 82 .5 6 % ;Ca最低 ,为 5 .5 8%。并且将其结果与葛根的无机元素做了比较。为探讨无机元素与中药药效之间的关系提供了基础数据。     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Hybrid Wavelength and Code Division Multiple Access in Optical Networks

A review of schemes for multiple access in fiber optic networks shows that a hybrid of wavelength and code division multiple access (WCDMA) combines the best features of both. In particular, the hybrid scheme retains the large information carrying capacity of wavelength division multiple access (WDMA) and flexibility of code division multiple access (CDMA). In this paper WDMA, optical CDMA (OCDMA), and WCDMA networks are discussed. In OCDMA networks, concept of incoherent and coherent coding including inverse decoding and matched filter is introduced. The delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks, under the simple suboptimum access protocols based on cyclic search, is computed. It has been shown quantitatively that tuning delay significantly affects the delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks. Futhermore, delay performance of WCDMA networks is always better than the WDMA networks for the same tuning delay, load, and number of users.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Research on beamforming method for dual-line array with space mismatch between the two line arrays

The performance of port/starboard discrimination of dual-line array will be seriously degraded when the space between the two line arrays of the dual-line array is mismatched. The directivity function of the delay-sum and delay-subtract beamforming is deduced and the port/starboard discrimination of the delay-sum and delay-subtract beamforming is also studied both under the ideal status and the status under which the space between the two line arrays of the dual-line array is mismatched. Analysis results show the delay-subtract beamforming has better performance of port/starboard discrimination. At last, the sea trial results demonstrate the theoretical results.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.