Separation selectivity of anionic metal complexes of N,N'-bis(hydroxybenzyl)ethylenediamine-N,N'-diacetic acid in ion and ion electrokinetic chromatography

The complexes of Fe(III), Co(III), Mn(III), Al(III), Cu(II), Ni(II), Cd(II) and Zn(II) with N,N'-bis(hydroxybenzyl)ethylenediamine-N,N'-diacetic acid (HBED) were separated by ion exchange in different modes: ion chromatography (IC) and ion electrokinetic chromatography (IEKC). In column IC these complexes were separated on an IonPac AS4a anion-exchange column (Dionex, USA). Parameters of the background electrolyte that were examined in IEKC mode include polymer, competing ion concentration and pH. The use of poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDADMACl) as a modifier in IEKC provides separation selectivity only slightly different from that observed in IC on the IonPac AS4a column. Optimal separation conditions were found to be: 0.1 mM HBED, 50 mM PDADMAOH, 10 mM Na2 B4 O7, pH adjusted to 10 with acetic acid. The use of an aromatic ligand allowed a 10-fold decrease in detection limits of metal ions in comparison with previously studied EDTA. A separation efficiency up to 400,000 theoretical plates was demonstrated for IEKC.     

Study on the Retention Behavior of Aromatic Carboxylic and Sulfonic acid on a New Anion Exchange Column

Ion chromatography (IC) has gradually developed into a preferred method for the determination of inorganic anions. And in recent years some low molecular aliphatic acid can be also separated in the ion exchange column with the development of stationary phase. But for the determination of aromatic ionic compounds there are some problems. The aromatic anions show enhanced retention due to interaction with the π electrons of the aromatic backbone. Although the addition of an organic modifier can alleviate the difficulty, it is not the ultimate solution. IonPac AS20 column was developed using a unique polymer bonding technology and its substrate coating is aliphatic backbone. The polymer is completely free of any π electron‐containing substituents in the AS20 column. In this paper, the retention behavior of aromatic carboxylic and sulfonic acid on two hydroxide‐selective columns, IonPac AS11‐HC, AS16, and the new column AS20 was also studied. The result showed that the retentions of ten compounds on three columns were different with each other because of their different column characteristics. Among them 4‐chlorobenzene sulfonic acid, 3,5‐dihydric benzoic acid and salicylic acid obviously exhibited the weakest retention on the IonPac AS20. It was showed that π‐π bond function between anion and stationary phases was weakened in AS20 column because its polymer was completely free of any π electron‐containing substituents. So in this paper the AS20 was selected as an analytical column to separate ten aromatic ionic compounds, fumaric acid with conjugate bond included. The retention behavior, separation of the ten compounds and effect of temperature on their retention in the anion‐exchange column AS20 (2 mm) were studied. The result showed that those compounds could be separated with each other when running in gradient program and the organic modifier was unnecessary during the separation. So it is showed that AS20 column can be used as a separating column because its polymer is completely free of any π electron‐containing substituents. Finally, the effect of temperature on the retention behavior in AS20 column was studied and it was showed that the retention of nine compounds exhibited endothermic behavior.     

离子色谱法同时测定火场爆炸残留物中9种典型阴离子

建立了离子色谱（IC）同时测定火场爆炸残留物中9种典型阴离子（Cl^-、NO₂^-、ClO₃^-、NO₃^-、CO₃^2-、SO₄^2-、S₂O₃^2-、SCN^-、ClO₄^-）的分析方法。使用高容量阴离子交换柱IonPac AS20（250 mm×4 mm）分离,以氢氧化钾（KOH）溶液为流动相,梯度淋洗,进样量为20 μL,柱温为40℃,流速为1.20 mL/min,在25 min内完成了9种典型阴离子的分离分析。9种阴离子在各自的范围内均呈现良好的线性关系,相关系数均大于0.999。9种阴离子的平均加标回收率为92.5%~101.3%,相对标准偏差为1.9%~2.8%（n=6）。该方法简便快捷,选择性好,灵敏度高,可满足火场爆炸残留物中无机离子的分析要求。     

紫外光解/气膜扩散-离子色谱法测定废水中总氰和硫化物

建立了一种流动注射、紫外光解/气膜扩散净化与小柱富集、离子色谱-脉冲安培检测自动分析废水中总氰与硫化物的方法。样品被混合到硫酸和次磷酸组成的混合酸载流中,内含适量的氨基磺酸、抗坏血酸、EDTA与柠檬酸,经312 nm波长的紫外光解,使不同形态氰化物如Fe(CN)₆^3-等变成氰化氢,硫化物变成硫化氢,通过孔径0.45 μm的聚丙烯膜片扩散,由稀碱溶液吸收,Metrosep A PCC 1 HC/4.0富集柱捕获,IonPac AS7分析柱分离,银电极三电位波形脉冲积分安培检测。总氰与硫化物在0.5~1000 μg/L范围内线性关系良好(相关系数分别为0.9989与0.9997),回收率在93%~102%,检出限(100 μL进样,信噪比为5)为0.5 μg/L与1.0 μg/L。利用该方法每小时可做6个样品,部分实际样品的测定结果与标准方法的测定结果具有较好的一致性。     

离子色谱法同时测定饮用水中强极性农药草甘膦、草铵膦、乙烯利和调节膦

建立了一种梯度洗脱-电导抑制-离子色谱同时测定4种强极性农药的方法。通过对淋洗液及浓度、色谱柱、柱温、进样量等条件的优化,得到最佳检测条件:色谱柱为IonPac AS11-HC分析柱及IonPac AG11-HC保护柱,柱温33℃,进样量50μL,RFIC系统的淋洗液自动发生器在线产生的KOH作为淋洗液,梯度洗脱,淋洗液流速:1.00 mL/min。结果表明:调节膦、乙烯利、草铵膦、草甘膦在0.1~2.0μg/mL质量浓度范围内具有良好的线性关系,相关系数(R²)均大于0.999;4种化合物的平均回收率为93.0%~101.9%,RSDs在1.5%~3.4%;其检出限分别为2.0,8.0,5.0,40μg/L;与水中的Cl^-,NO₂^-,SO₄^2-,NO₃^-离子有较好的分离。本方法适用于饮用水中强极性农药草甘膦、草铵膦、乙烯利和调节磷的测定。     

Potential of ethylenediaminedi(o-hydroxyphenylacetic acid) and N,N'-bis(hydroxybenzyl)ethylenediamine-N,N'-diacetic acid for the determination of metal ions by capillary electrophoresis

Two aromatic polyaminocarboxylate ligands, ethylenediaminedi(o-hydroxyphenylacetic acid) (EDDHA) and N,N′-bis(hydroxybenzyl)ethylenediamine-N,N′-diacetic acid (HBED), were applied for the separation of transition and heavy metal ions by the ion-exchange variant of electrokinetic chromatography. EDDHA structure contains two chiral carbon centers. It makes it impossible to use the commercially available ligand. All the studied metal ions showed two peaks, which correspond to meso and rac forms of the ligand. The separation of metal–HBED chelates was performed using poly(diallyldimethylammonium) polycations in mixed acetate–hydroxide form. Simultaneous separation of nine single- and nine double-charged HBED chelates, including In(III), Ga(III), Co(II)–(III) and Mn(II)–(III) pairs demonstrated the efficiency of 40 000–400 000 theoretical plates. The separation of Co(III), Fe(III) complexes with different arrangements of donor groups and oxidation of Co(II), Mn(II), Fe(II) ions in reaction with HBED have been discussed.     

Determination of aspartame by ion chromatography with electrochemical integrated amperometric detection

In this paper, the separation and determination of the sweetener aspartame by ion chromatography coupled with electrochemical amperometric detection is reported. Sodium saccharin, acesulfame-K and aspartame were separated using 27.5 mmol/l NaOH isocratic elution on a Dionex IonPac AS4A-SC separation column. Aspartame can be determined by integrated amperometric detection without interference from the other two sweeteners. The method can be applied to the determination of aspartame in powered tabletop, fruit juice and carbonated beverage samples, and the results obtained by integrated amperometry were in agreement with those obtained using a UV detection method. A method for determining analytes with an NH₂ group by ion chromatography with integrated amperometry was developed.     

离子色谱法测定高氯、高钠油田回注水中的阴、阳离子及有机酸

建立了高氯、高钠油田回注水中痕量无机阴、阳离子和有机酸的离子色谱分析方法。对高钠基质中痕量阳离子的测定,选用IonPac CS12A分析柱、H2SO4溶液梯度淋洗、电导检测器检测;对高氯基质中阴离子及有机酸的测定,选用对OH-具有高选择性的高容量的IonPac AS11-HC柱、KOH梯度淋洗、电导检测器检测。在优化的梯度淋洗条件下,高氯或高钠的存在不影响痕量阴离子或阳离子的测定。该方法具有良好的线性(r=0.9926~0.9990)和精密度(测定组分峰面积的相对标准偏差(n=7)在8.0%以下),回收率     

Determination of niobium(V) and tantalum(V) as 4-(2-pyridylazo)resorcinol–citrate ternary complexes in geological materials by ion-interaction reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography

A method for the simultaneous separation and determination of Nb(V) and Ta(V) as ternary complexes formed with 4-(2-pyridylazo)resorcinol (PAR) and citrate was developed using ion-interaction reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography on a C₁₈ column. Method parameters, such as pre-column complex formation conditions and composition of the complexes were investigated using spectrophotometry and HPLC. Under the optimum conditions, the Nb(V) and Ta(V) complexes were eluted within 12 min with a mobile phase of methanol–water (32:68, v/v) containing 5 mM acetate, 5 mM TBABr and 5 mM citrate buffer at pH 6.5, with detection at 540 nm. A typical separation efficiency was 33 000 and 20 000 theoretical plates per metre for Nb(V) and Ta(V), respectively. The relative standard deviation of retention times for the Nb(V) and Ta(V) complexes were 0.16% and 0.17% and for peak areas were 0.28% and 1.36%, respectively. The detection limits (signal-to-noise ratio=3) for Nb(V) and Ta(V) were 0.4 ppb and 1.4 ppb, respectively. Results obtained for standard reference rock samples agreed well with certified values and results obtained by inductively coupled plasma MS.     

二维离子色谱法同时测定环境水样中的碘离子、硫氰酸根和高氯酸根

建立了二维离子色谱法同时测定环境水样中的碘离子、硫氰酸根离子和高氯酸根离子的方法。先采用常规阴离子色谱柱(IonPac AS16, 250 mm×4 mm)将水样中的碘离子、硫氰酸根离子和高氯酸根离子与干扰离子进行分离。样品溶液通过抑制器后,将含有碘离子、硫氰酸根离子和高氯酸根离子的淋洗液导入富集柱(MAC-200, 80 mm×0.75 mm),再通过毛细管阴离子色谱柱(IonPac AS20 Capillary, 250 mm×0.4 mm)进行分离和定量分析。方法的线性范围为0.05～100 μg/L,相关系数达到0.9999,检出限为0.02～0.05 μg/L。样品中碘离子、硫氰酸根离子和高氯酸根离子的加标回收率在85.1%～100.1%之间,回收率的相对标准偏差(RSD)(n=6)在1.7%～4.9%之间。该法试剂用量小,灵敏度比常规离子色谱提高30～40倍,同时去除了样液中的高浓度基体杂质,适用于水样中低含量碘离子、硫氰酸根离子和高氯酸根离子的检测。     

在线预处理对乙二胺四乙酸二钠离子色谱分离的影响及其应用

1引言乙二胺四乙酸二钠(EDTA-2Na)作为食品添加剂,能够对原料中的微量金属离子进行络和,防止金属离子对产品质量的缓慢破坏作用[1],常用在果蔬罐头、八宝粥等食品中,同时也可作为蛋白洗涤液中的添加剂,既增加舒适度又提高溶液杀菌能力。但是含量过高,会刺激皮肤和粘膜,引起哮喘等疾病,国家标准规定食品中最高限量为     

Behaviour of selenium and tellurium species and their determination by ion chromatography

Summary An ion chromatographic method has been developed for the separation of Te (IV) and Se(IV) in hydrochloric acid mobile phases; the method has been used to determine tellurium in a high-purity non-stoichiometric semiconducting ZnCdTe-based material. Different cation-exchange columns (IonPac CS2, CS3, CS10), a mixed bed ion-exchange column (IonPac CS5), a multi-mode cation-exchange column (OmniPac PCX-500), anion-exchange columns (IonPac AS4, AS4A, AS5, AS5A, AS10, AS11) and a multi-mode anion-exchange column (OmniPac PAX-500) were evaluated for ion chromatographic separation of Se and Te and to study the chemical forms in which the analytes were eluted. The chromatographic data obtained enabled the calculation of both the sign and the chaarge of the eluting species.     

单一阴离子交换柱同时分离有机酸和无机阴阳离子

研究了用乙二胺四乙酸（ＥＤＴＡ）作淋洗液时，性质迥异的有机酸、无机阴离子和碱土金属离子（Ｃａ＾２＋、Ｍｇ＾２＋）在同一阴离子交换柱上的同时分离以及保留机理，结果表明，在离子交换机理之外，非离子交换机理对有机酸及钙镁的ＥＤＴＡ络阴郭的保留行为起一定的辅助作用，９种有机酸和无机阴阳离子在１０ｍｉｎ内得到了较好的分离。各离子的电导检测灵敏度在１０＾－９至１０＾－１１ｍｏｌ，能满足环境和食吕分析的要求。     

Separation of trans-1,2-cyclohexanediaminetetra-acetic acid chelates of bismuth(III), iron(III) and copper(II) by reversed-phase paired-ion chromatography

Trans-1,2-cyclohexanediaminetetra-acetic acid (DCTA) chelates of bismuth(III), iron(III) and copper(II) have been separated by two techniques using reversed-phase paired-ion chromatography. In one, the chelates in aqueous solution were separated within 20 min on a 6.0 × 300 mm ERC-ODS column with 10⁻²M tetrabutylammonium ion (TBA⁺) in methanoi-water mixture (45:55 v/v) as eluent. In the other, the metal ions in aqueous solution were separated within 10 min by direct injection into an ERC-ODS column with 10⁻²M TBA⁺/10⁻³M DCTA in methanoi-water mixture (40:60 v/v) as eluent.     

Retention behavior of transition metals on a bifunctional ion-exchange column with oxalic acid as eluent

The common eluents used with a bifunctional ion-exchange column (IonPac CS5A) for separating transition metals are pyridine-2,6-dicarboxylic acid and oxalic acid (Ox). When Ox is used, cadmium and manganese co-elute. Although much research has been done to overcome the Cd²⁺–Mn²⁺ co-elution problem, the role of lithium hydroxide in separating the transition metals has received little attention. In this study, it is found that when the Ox concentration is higher than 35 mM, Cu²⁺ elutes after Pb²⁺ and Ox plays a predominant role in the retention behavior of the seven metals. When Ox concentration is lower than 35 mM especially when its concentration (25 mM) is half of the usually used standard concentration (50 mM), Cu²⁺ elutes before Pb²⁺, and at the same time, Mn²⁺and Cd²⁺ can also be baseline separated. Lithium hydroxide plays a predominant role in the separation of the metals separated by cation exchange. So, lithium hydroxide is used to adjust the pH of the eluent. The use of an isocratic elution (25 mM Ox/LiOH/2 mM Na₂SO₄, pH 3.88) allows the separation of seven metals (Cu²⁺, Pb²⁺, Co²⁺, Mn²⁺, Cd²⁺, Zn²⁺ and Ni²⁺) in a single run. The effects of inorganic modifiers such as NaNO₃, Na₂SO₄ and Na₄P₂O₇ on retention behavior of the metals are also investigated.     

Simultaneous determination of anions and cations by ion-exclusion chromatography–cation-exchange chromatography with tartaric acid/18-crown-6 as eluent

Ion-exclusion chromatography–cation-exchange chromatography was developed for the simultaneous separation of common inorganic anions and cations (Cl⁻, NO₃⁻ and SO₄²⁻; Na⁺, NH₄⁺, K⁺, Mg²⁺ and Ca²⁺) on a weakly acidic cation-exchange column by elution with weak acid. Generally, the resolution among these monovalent cations was only moderate, thereby hindering the determination of these analytes in natural-water samples. Therefore, 18-crown-6 was added to the eluent to improve the resolution. A good separation of these anions and cations on a weakly acidic cation-exchange column was achieved in 30 min by elution with 5 mM tartaric acid/6 mM 18-crown-6/methanol–water (7.5:92.5). The ion-exclusion chromatography–cation-exchange chromatography method developed here was successfully applied to the separation of major anions and cations in an environmental water sample.     

Determination of aluminium and its fluoro complexes in natural waters by ion chromatography

Ion chromatography was applied to the determination of aluminium and its fluoro complexes in natural waters. The separation was carried out on a cation-exchange column. The aluminium species were detected by postcolumn reaction with Tiron followed by UV spectrophotometry. The method requires the adjustment of the pH and ionic strength of the sample to those of the mobile phase immediately prior to injection. Al³⁺ , AlF²⁺ and AlF₂⁺ are eluted separately while all hydroxo complexes are readily dissociated and eluted along with Al³⁺ under these conditions. The sum of peak areas, which represents the total aluminium concentration, was conserved whatever the amount of fluoride in the sample. Linearity of calibration was observed over the range 20–2000 μg 1⁻¹. Further, the speciation of fluoro-aluminium complexes as determined experimentally by ion chromatography is in good agreement with calculations based on complexation constants. The applications and limitations of the method are discussed.     

Determination of carbon dioxide and acid components in exhaust gas by suppressed ion chromatography.

Although anions are usually determined by suppressed ion chromatography (IC), carbonate and bicarbonate ions can not be determined, because a mixed solution of sodium carbonate and sodium hydrogencarbonate is used as the eluent. This paper describes an IC method for the determination of carbonate ion and common anions using an IonPac AG17/AS17 column, an EG 40 eluent generator and a conductivity detector. The proposed IC method could determine carbonate ion and anions within 6 min. The relative standard deviations (n = 5) for chloride (0.4 mg L(-1)), nitrite (0.8 mg L(-1)), carbonate (100 mg L(-1)), nitrate (1.0 mg L(-1)) and sulfate (2.0 mg L(-1)) ions were 5.1%, 1.1%, 4.2%, 5.1% and 1.1%, respectively. In addition, the absorbing solution of carbon dioxide was examined, and 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol was found to be a good absorbing solution. The proposed IC method was applied to the determination of carbon dioxide and acid components in flue gas and automobile exhaust gas.     

离子色谱-串联质谱法检测茶叶中的高氯酸盐

建立了离子色谱-串联质谱检测茶叶中高氯酸盐的分析方法。选用高容量、强亲水性的IonPac AS20阴离子交换柱（2 mm）进行分离,以淋洗液自动发生器在线产生的70 mmol/L氢氧化钾为淋洗液等浓度淋洗,TSQ Quantiva三重四极杆质谱仪作检测器,采用电喷雾电离源负离子（ESI^-）模式、多反应监测（MRM）模式进行分析,内标法定量。结果表明,高氯酸盐在0.02~10.0 μg/L范围内线性关系良好,相关系数（r）为0.9991,定量限为2 μg/kg。运用该方法测定5种茶叶中的高氯酸盐,加标回收率为87.3%~112.2%。该方法具有操作简单、专属性强、灵敏度高等优点,可满足茶叶中高氯酸盐的检测要求。     

在线基体消除-离子色谱法测定墨水染料中的氯及硫酸盐

建立了一种在线基体消除的方法,采用离子色谱法测定了墨水染料中的氯和硫酸盐。样品经溶解、稀释后直接进样,在纯水的输送下依次经过DIONEX OnGuard Ⅱ P和IonPac NG1柱,在线实现了墨水样品中染料和疏水性干扰基体的去除,死时间流出的待测阴离子浓缩于阴离子交换柱IonPac AG11-HC。浓缩柱经阀切换进入离子色谱系统,以4.5 mmol/L Na2CO3-0.8 mmol/L NaHCO3作为淋洗液,流速1.2 mL/min,待测离子经IonPac AS23（4 mm×250 mm）分析柱分离,采用DIONEX DS6电导检测器检测,外标法定量。Cl－和SO2-4的线性范围分别为0.05~5.0、0.1~10.0 mg/L,相关系数分别为0.999 8和 0.999 7,加标回收率为94%~103%,相对标准偏差（n=11）小于1.0%,检出限（S/N=3）分别为0.02、0.05 mg/L。该方法用于墨水染料中氯和硫酸盐的测定,结果满意。