双波长工作的光纤光栅外腔半导体激光器

本文利用多波长光纤布拉格光栅与端面镀有增透膜的半导体激光器管芯耦合形成外腔激光器。研究了不同光纤光栅布拉格波长间隔下,器件的工作性能。当光纤光栅波长间隔不同于管芯的FP腔模式间隔时,不能得到稳定的多波长输出。通过调整光纤栅的各个布拉格波长间隔,使之和半导体激光器FP模式间距相同时,得到了输出稳定的双波长激光。     

强反馈光纤光栅外腔半导体激光器

在理论上对强外腔反馈情形的半导体激光器线宽压窄效应进行了分析，对消反膜剩余反射率，外腔反射率，外腔腔长对线宽压缩的影响进行了研究，在实验上采用光纤光栅作为反馈元件，与一端镀有消反膜的１．５μｍ波段的常规多纵模交导体激光器耦合，构成强反馈光纤光栅外腔半导体激光器，得到单频窄线宽的激光输出，静态下边模抑制比大于３０ｄＢ，线宽小于１２０ｋＨｚ。     

基于DFB激光器的光纤光栅温度检测

波长解调技术是光纤光栅传感技术的关键,提出了一种建立在波长可调谐DFB激光器技术上的波长解调方法,通过线性控制DFB激光器管芯温度达到调谐DFB激光器输出波长。通过实验和分析,得出了激光器调谐波长与管芯温度的对应关系,在此基础上,建立了光纤光栅温度检测系统,系统温度检测误差在1℃范围内,实验结果表明,采用波长调谐进行光纤光栅温度检测的方法,在一定的温度检测范围内具有良好的应用效果。     

光纤光栅外腔半导体激光器纵模特性研究

用速率方程对光纤光栅外腔半导体激光器（ＦＢＧ－ＥＣＬ）的静态工作特性进行模拟计算,获得了这些特性同器件结构参数和工作条件的关系。用自行研制的光纤光栅与增透半导体激光器管芯耦合,获得了边模抑制比大于４０ｂＢ、线宽约为０．１ｎｍ的单纵模工作的实验结果,与计算结果基本吻合。     

三路Er~(3+)/Yb~(3+)共掺光纤激光器的外腔谱组束实验研究

采用激光二极管作为抽运源、大模面积Er3+/Yb3+共掺双包层光纤作为增益介质,利用闪耀光栅、傅里叶变换透镜和输出耦合镜构成外腔,进行了光纤激光器的外腔谱组束实验研究.在外腔作用下,单个光纤激光器可在38 nm波长范围内实现调谐输出,线宽小于0.08 nm.实现了三路光纤激光器的外腔谱组束,组束功率为940 mW,相应...     

体布拉格光栅外腔红光半导体激光器实验研究

采用反射型体布拉格光栅作为反馈元件构成红光外腔半导体激光器,对器件输出光特性进行了实验研究。重点研究了体布拉格光栅的位置对红光外腔半导体激光器远场特性的影响。实验结果表明,减小体布拉格光栅与激光器芯片之间的距离可提高激光器的锁模效果,窄化光谱,并且改善慢轴方向的光束发散角。使用衍射效率为20%的体布拉格光栅,可将半导体激光器的输出波长稳定锁定在634 nm附近,光谱线宽压缩至0.7 nm左右,输出功率可达1.06 W。     

Yb3+相移分布反馈光纤激光器的理论分析

对相移分布反馈掺Yb^3 光纤激光器进行了理论分析，发现当相移为π时，增益阈值最小，相移越远离π，增益阈值越大，信号波长越偏离布拉格波长；随着光纤光栅耦合系数的增加，激光器的增益阈值越小，输出功率越大；相移分布反馈光纤激光器的正向和反向输出持性与光纤光栅的相移点的位置有关。     

基于压电陶瓷闭环控制的线性可调谐环形腔光纤激光器

提出了一种基于压电陶瓷闭环控制的线性可调谐环形腔光纤激光器。光纤激光器环形腔结构中光纤光栅固定在压电陶瓷上,通过控制压电陶瓷改变光纤光栅波长,从而改变环形腔光纤激光器的波长,构成基于压电陶瓷的可调谐环形腔光纤激光器。应变传感器贴附在压电陶瓷上,实时监测压电陶瓷的步长变化,通过惠斯顿桥式电路反馈给驱动控制系统,并补偿和修正压电陶瓷固有的磁滞和蠕变特性,形成压电陶瓷闭环控制系统。实验结果表明基于压电陶瓷闭环控制的可调谐环形腔光纤激光器调谐线性度好,波长调谐范围可达0.9 nm,线宽为4 k Hz,波长稳定性为±0.01 nm,功率稳定性为±0.3 d B。     

光纤光栅激光器激射波长的研究

一般认为，用光纤光栅作选频元件的光纤激光器，激射波长与光纤光栅中心反射波长一致，本文报道了不同的实验研究结果。通过细致的实验研究，发现光纤光栅激光器激射波长相对于光纤光栅中心反射波长有一定的偏移。激射波长可以出现在光栅中心反射波长的长波端，也可以出现在其短波端。对不同腔结构的掺镱、掺铒光纤光栅激光器的深入研究证明，谐振腔的各向异性对激光器的激射波长偏移起到决定性的作用，波长最大偏移量主要受限于光纤光栅的反射带宽。通过激光腔内的偏振控制器改变谐振腔的各向异性，可以在光纤光栅的反射带宽内控制激射波长的位置。     

双包层光纤光栅选频双包层光纤激光器

双包层光纤激光器中多采用法布里珀罗(F-P)线形腔结构,谐振腔为一只二向色镜和光纤端面菲涅耳反射镜(反射率约为4％)构成,这属于一种有缺陷的腔结构,其稳定性不好,产生激光的波长很难得到有效控制,后腔镜不能精确选择激光器的输出波长,激光器的输出谱线较宽。在某些对激光波长有明确要求的应用中,该结构会受到限制。采用布拉格光纤光栅作腔镜,利用其窄带滤波特性,可以得到窄线宽的激光输出,目前报道的作为腔镜的布拉格光纤光栅为在单包层光敏光纤上制作而成,然后分别将不同反射率的光纤光栅与双包层增益光纤熔接,这给腔镜与双包层光纤之间带来很大的耦合损耗,影响了激光器的功率输出。该文报道了用相位掩模法在双包层光纤芯上写入了布拉格光纤光栅,并把此光纤光栅做为后腔镜．对长度为10m、20m的D形掺Yb^3 双包层光纤激光器进行实验研究,在1058nm附近得到稳定的窄线宽激光输出,3dB带宽为0．329nm。激光器最大输出功率为570mW。最后对实验结果进行了理论分析。     

Influence of a feedback coupling on operating characteristics of a Cr3+:LiSrAlF6 laser using an end-coupled fiber grating

We describe a comparative study related to an influence of a feedback coupling on operating characteristics of a cw Cr³⁺:LiSrAlF₆ (Cr³⁺:LiSAF) laser using an end-coupled fiber grating with different coupling configurations. To achieve a compact construction, a direct butt-coupling of the fiber grating at the pump end of the Cr³⁺:LiSAF laser and pumping through the same fiber was considered. The feedback provided by the coupled fiber grating through an end mirror was responsible for a spectrally narrowed output with a slope efficiency of 11%. However, the performance critically depended on an amount of the feedback coupling. The feedback-coupling condition was improved considerably by using a lens-coupled fiber grating at the pump end of the Cr³⁺:LiSAF crystal. A spectrally narrowed output of ≈0.15 cm^-1 was obtained, and the output slope efficiency was measured as 27%. Theoretical modeling was also performed to understand the effect of the feedback coupling and the results agreed well with the experimental observations. Received: 23 April 1999 / Revised version: 3 August 1999 / Published online: 30 November 1999     

Simplified model for calculation of power and spectral characteristics of laser diode with fiber Bragg grating

A simplified model consisting of a laser diode, air gap, and optical fiber is used to calculate power and spectral characteristics and the band width of the radiation of laser with fiber Bragg grating. The results of the simplified model are in reasonable agreement with the experimental data on power and spectral characteristics. The radiation band width of the laser diode with fiber Bragg grating can be less than the band width for a single laser diode by four orders of magnitude.     

高度方向性多光束有机激光

采用DFB分布反馈结构的有机激光由于其自身优点备受关注,而利用高阶布拉格反馈的多光束有机激光及其原理鲜有报道。不同于以往的低阶布拉格反馈形成单波导或单光束激光,本文通过在平面有机半导体波导引入高阶布拉格反馈分别制备了红色和蓝色多束有机激光器。利用四阶布拉格反馈和PVK：DCJTI薄膜实现三光束红光激光器,出射角度为±53°和0.5°。利用五阶布拉格反馈和PS：DSA-ph薄膜实现四光束蓝光激光器,出射角度为±18°和±75°。融合平面波导与光栅耦合的机理,研究了高阶布拉格光栅反馈与器件特性之间的关系。结果表明,理论计算的光束耦合角度和实际测试相符,结果在一定程度上为多光束有机激光器件的设计提供了参考。     

Integrated optical Ti:Er:LiNbO3 distributed Bragg reflector laser with a fixed photorefractive grating

For the first time to the authors' knowledge, an integrated optical distributed Bragg reflector laser with a fixed photorefractive grating in LiNbO(3) is demonstrated. Sample preparation, grating fabrication, and laser characteristics are reported. The device is pumped by a fiber pigtailed laser diode (lambda(p) approximately 1480 nm) through the Bragg grating in a double-pass configuration, yielding an emission in the backward direction at lambda=1531.7nm . The laser threshold is 40 mW; as much as 5 mW of output power has been obtained at 110 mW of launched pump power in cw operation.     

Numerical Analysis of Highly Birefringent Photonic Crystal Fibers with Bragg Reflectors

We analyze theoretically the coupling properties of Bragg gratings written in highly birefringent photonic crystal fibers with doped core and show how they can be tuned by the parameters of a microstructured fiber. We apply the coupled mode theory combined with a fully vectorial mode solver based on the plane-wave method. The results indicate large differences in interaction with the grating for the two linearly polarized fundamental modes. We show fiber designs, which provide single-mode operation with high birefringence and at the same time a high coupling efficiency of the grating. Such features can be used in fiber sensors, fiber laser configurations or to introduce a polarization dependent feedback in a long external cavity system with a semiconductor laser.     

对基于光纤光栅的两种水听器灵敏度的讨论

本文简单介绍了基于光纤光栅的光纤布喇格光栅(FBG)水听器以及分布反馈式(DFB)光纤激光水听器的基本工作原理与信号解调的基本方法。在此基础上提出了FBG水听器和DFB光纤激光水听器波长漂移率、压力灵敏度系数、相位灵敏度与相位灵敏度级以及电压灵敏度的定义以及物理涵义.并且对干涉型光纤水听器与DFB光纤激光水听器在相位灵敏度以及物理涵义上的区别进行了说明.     

Highly reliable strain-tuning of an Erbium-doped fiber laser for the interrogation of multiplexed Bragg grating sensors

The authors implemented a tunable linear cavity Erbium-doped fiber (EDF) laser for the interrogation of multiplexed fiber Bragg grating sensors (BGS). A high-strength single-pulse draw-tower fiber Bragg grating (FBG) was used as the mechanically tunable element enabling the rapid wavelength sweeping of the laser center wavelength. A simple algorithm to process the noisy acquired data and identify the peak of the BGS spectra was employed. For the first time, this type of configuration was used to reliably interrogate at least three fiber Bragg grating sensors with a standard wavelength spacing between the Bragg wavelengths of 3 nm, without risk of breaking the stretched fiber, using an FBG with a simple PZT driven mount as the tuning elements.     

Characteristics of Fused Optical Fiber Grating Couplers with Tapered Shapes

Fused optical fiber grating couplers (FGCs), in which Bragg gratings are written in the coupling regions of fused optical fiber couplers with tapered shapes along them are theoretically and experimentally investigated. By coupled mode analysis considering these tapered shapes, the drop efficiencies of the FGCs, which are inherently zero for the normal fiber couplers without grating, are calculated. The grating offset, which is the difference between the centers of grating and the coupler taper, is found to be effective to increase the drop efficiency of the FGC. It is determined that the tapered shapes influence the wavelength dependence of the drop efficiency and tolerate the grating offset precision. Apodizations for the grating of FGC are found to be effective in suppressing side lobes of the drop efficiency. Measurement of the wavelength characteristics of drop efficiency and the temperature characteristics of drop wavelength of the fabricated fused FGC confirm that the lightwave with specific wavelength can be dropped by the FGC and that the temperature dependence of the drop wavelength is similar to that of Bragg wavelength changes of usual fiber Bragg gratings.     

Effect of Rayleigh-scattering distributed feedback on multiwavelength Raman fiber laser generation

We experimentally demonstrate a Raman fiber laser based on multiple point-action fiber Bragg grating reflectors and distributed feedback via Rayleigh scattering in an ~22-km-long optical fiber. Twenty-two lasing lines with spacing of ~100 GHz (close to International Telecommunication Union grid) in the C band are generated at the watt level. In contrast to the normal cavity with competition between laser lines, the random distributed feedback cavity exhibits highly stable multiwavelength generation with a power-equalized uniform distribution, which is almost independent on power.     

Characterization of an Intra-Cavity Pumped P2O5-Doped Silica Raman Fiber Laser

We examine the characteristics of a P₂O₅-doped Raman fiber laser pumped by a double-clad ytterbium-doped fiber laser in an intra-cavity configuration. The double-clad fiber laser consists of two high reflection fiber Bragg gratings at 1092 nm, with an active length of 17 m, where the output grating is located at the end of the 400m P₂O₅-doped fiber. The Raman cavity is formed by a 1278-nm-high reflection fiber Bragg grating spliced to the double-clad fiber, and a 50% output coupler. The maximum conversion efficiency at 1278 nm with respect to the input pump power at 915 nm was 26.9%.