Phenolic glycosides from Pyrola japonica

Five new phenolic glycosides, 2-beta-D-glucopyranosyloxy-5-hydroxyphenylacetic acid methyl ester (4), 4-hydroxy-2-[3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl]-5-methylphenyl beta-D-glucopyranoside (5), 4-hydroxy-2-[(E)-4-hydroxy-3-methyl-2-butenyl]-5-methylphenyl beta-D-glucopyranoside (7), 4-hydroxy-2-[(2E,6Z)-8-beta-D-glucopyranosyloxy-3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-yl]-5-methylphenyl beta-D-glucopyranoside (8), and 2,7-dimethyl-1,4-dihydronaphthalene-5,8-diol 5-O-beta-D-xylopyranosyl(1-->6)-beta-D-glucopyranoside (10), were isolated from the whole plants of Pyrola japonica (Pyrolaceae), together with androsin, (-)-syringaresinol glucoside, homoarbutin, pirolatin, hyperin, monotropein and chimaphilin.     

Chemical Constituents of a Formosan Soft Coral Sinularia sp.

A new marine sterol 7β-hydroperoxy-24-methylenecholesterol ( 1 ) along with five known compounds sarcophytol A ( 2 ), (Z)-N-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]-3-methyldodec-2-enamide ( 3 ), 5α,7αH-eduesm-11(13)en-4α-ol ( 4 ), 24-methylenecholesterol ( 5 ) and 1β-hydroxy-α-cyperone ( 6 ) have been isolated from a Formosan soft coral Sinularia sp. The structures of the above compounds were determined by spectral analyses. Cytotoxicity of compounds 1–6 toward various cancer cell lines also is reported.     

Longicalycinin A, a new cytotoxic cyclic peptide from Dianthus superbus var. longicalycinus (MAXIM.) WILL

A new cyclic peptide, longicalycinin A (1), and six known compounds, vaccaroside A, dianoside A, dianoside G, 3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-phenyl)propionic acid methyl ester, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, and p-hydroxybenzaldehyde were isolated from the MeOH extract of Dianthus superbus var. longicalycinus. The amino acid sequences of 1 was elucidated as cyclo(Gly(1)-Phe(2)-Tyr(3)-Pro(4)-Phe(5)-) on the basis of ESI tandem mass fragmentation analysis, chemical evidence, and extensive 2D NMR methods. Furthermore, compound 1 showed cytotoxicity to Hep G2 cancer cell line.     

Chemical constituents and biological studies of the leaves of Grevillea robusta

Three new compounds: Graviquinone (1), cis-3-hydroxy-5-pentadecylcyclohexanone (2), and methyl 5-ethoxy-2-hydroxycinnamate (3), and thirty-eight known compounds were isolated and identified from the leaves of Grevillea robusta. The structures of these compounds were determined by spectroscopic and chemical transformation methods. Graviquinone (1) showed the strongest cytotoxicity against MCF-7, NCI-H460, and SF-268 cell lines. Methyl 2,5-dihydroxycinnamate (4), graviphane (13), and dehydrograviphane (14) exhibited very potent DPPH scavenging activity compared with α-tocopherol. Methyl 2,5-dihydroxycinnamate (4) and bis-norstriatol (17) demonstrated strong inhibition of L-DOPA oxidation by mushroom tyrosinase compared with kojic acid.     

Structure elucidation of two new unusual monoterpene glycosides from Euphorbia decipiens, by 1D and 2D NMR experiments

Two new unusual monoterpene glycosides, (Z)-3,6-dimethyl-3-(β-D-O-glucosylmethylene)cyclohept-4-ene-1-one (1) and 3,6-dimethyl-3-(β-D-O-glucosylmethylene)cycloheptanone (2) have been isolated along with five known compounds, 3-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzoic acid, 6,7-dihydroxycoumarin, luteolin, apigenin 5-O-αl-L-rhamnoside, and pinocembrin-7-O-rutinoside from ethyl acetate extract of Euphorbia decipiens. The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated by extensive 1D- and 2D-NMR, and mass spectroscopic analyses.     

Bioactive aromatic derivatives from endophytic fungus, Cytospora sp

Two new benzyl gamma-butyrolactone analogues, (R)-5-((S)-hydroxy(phenyl)-methyl)dihydrofuran-2(3H)-one (1) and its 6-acetate (2), and a new naphthalenone derivative (8), together with eight additional known aromatic derivatives, (S)-5-((S)-hydroxy(phenyl)-methyl)dihydrofuran-2(3H)-one (3), (S)-5-benzyl-dihydrofuran-2(3H)-one (4), 5-phenyl-4-oxopentanoic acid (5), gamma-oxo-benzenepentanoic acid methyl ester (6), 3-(2,5-dihydro-4-hydroxy-5-oxo-3-phenyl-2-furyl)propionic acid (7), (3R)-5-methylmellein (9), integracins A (10) and B (11) were isolated from Cytospora sp., an endophytic fungus isolated from Ilex canariensis from Gomera. The structures of these compounds were elucidated by detailed spectroscopic analysis, comparison with reported data, and chemical interconversion. The absolute configurations of the new compounds (1, 2, 8) were established on the basis of optical rotation or CD spectra analysis. Preliminary studies showed antimicrobial activity of these compounds against the fungi Microbotryum violaceum, Botrytis cinerea and Septoria tritici, the alga Chlorella fusca, and the bacterium Bacillus megaterium.     

Two new homoisoflavonoids from Caesalpinia pulcherrima

Two new homoisoflavonoids, (E)-7-methoxy-3-(4'-methoxybenzylidene)chroman-4-one (1) and (E)-7-hydroxy-3-(3',4',5'-trimethoxybenzylidene)chroman-4-one (5), along with three known homoisoflavonoids (Z)-7-hydroxy-3-(4'-methoxybenzylidene)chroman-4-one (isobon ducellin) (2), (E)-7-hydroxy-3-(4'-methoxybenzylidene)chroman-4-one (bonducellin) (3) and (E)-7-hydroxy-3-(2',4'-dimethoxybenzylidene)chroman-4-one (4) were isolated from the whole plant of Caesalpinia pulcherrima. The structures of these new compounds were elucidated by electron impact mass spectrometry (EI-MS) and 1D and 2D-NMR spectral studies. Antimicrobial activity of the new compounds was evaluated.     

Chemical constituents of Melicope ptelefolia

Phytochemical investigations on the methanolic extract of Melicope ptelefolia Champ ex Benth. resulted in the isolation of three new compounds, identified as 3beta-stigmast-5-en-3-ol butyl tridecanedioate (melicoester) (1), (2Z, 6Z, 10Z, 14Z, 18Z, 22Z, 26E)-3', 7', 11', 15', 19', 23', 27', 31'-octamethyldotriaconta-2, 6, 10, 14, 18, 22, 26, 30-octadecanoate (melicopeprenoate) (2) and p-O-geranyl-7"-acetoxy coumaric acid (3). The compounds were isolated along with twenty-one other known compounds, lupeol (4), oleanolic acid (5), kokusaginine (6) genistein (7), p-O-geranyl coumaric acid (8), 4-stigmasten-3-one (9), 3beta-hydroxystigma-5-en-7-one (10) cis-phytyl palmitate (11), dodecane, dodecan-1-ol, ceryl alcohol, hentriacontanoic acid, eicosane, n-amyl alcohol, caprylic alcohol, octatriacontane, nonatriacontane, hexatriencontan-1-ol, methyl octacosanoate, beta-sitosterol, beta-sitosterol glucoside. Structures of all the compounds were established on the basis of MS and 1D and 2D NMR spectral data, as well as comparison with reported data.     

Two new galloylglucosides from the leaves of Mallotus furetianus

Two new galloylglucosides, mallophenols A (1) and B (2), were isolated from the leaves of Mallotus furetianus (Euphorbiaceae), together with seven known compounds, (6S,9R)-roseoside (3), aviculin (4), (+)-lyoniresinol-3alpha-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranoside (5), (Z)-3-hexenyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside (6), 3,3,8,9,10-pentahydroxydibenzo[b,d]pyran-6-one (7), 3-hydroxy-4,5(R)-dimethyl-2(5H)-furanone (8) and gallic acid (9). The stereostructures of 1 and 2 were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analysis and chemical evidence.     

Rhenium tricarbonyl core complexes of thymidine and uridine derivatives

Thymidine and uridine were modified at the C2' and C5' ribose positions to form amine analogues of the nucleosides (1 and 4). Direct amination with NaBH(OAc)3 in DCE with the appropriate aldehydes yielded 1-{5-[(bis(pyridin-2-ylmethyl)amino)methyl]-4-hydroxytetrahydrofuran-2-yl}-5-methyl-1H-pyrimidine-2,4-dione (L1), 1-{5-[(bis(quinolin-2-ylmethyl)amino)methyl]-4-hydroxytetrahydrofuran-2-yl}-5-methyl-1H-pyrimidine-2,4-dione (L2), and 1-[3-(bis(pyridin-2-ylmethyl)amino)-4-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl]-1H-pyrimidine-2,4-dione (L5), while standard coupling procedures of 1 and 4 with 5-(bis(pyridin-2-ylmethyl)amino)pentanoic acid (2) and 5-(bis(quinolin-2-ylmethyl)amino)pentanoic acid (3) in the presence of HOBT-EDCI in DMF provided a second novel series of bifunctional chelators: 5-(bis(pyridin-2-ylmethyl)amino)pentanoic acid [(3-hydroxy-5-(5-methyl-4-oxo-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrimidin-1-yl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methyl] amide (L3), 5-(bis(quinolin-2-ylmethyl)amino)pentanoic acid [(3-hydroxy-5-(5-methyl-4-oxo-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrimidin-1-yl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methyl] amide (L4), 5-(bis(pyridin-2-ylmethyl)amino)pentanoic acid [2-(2,4-dioxo-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrimidin-1-yl)-4-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-3-yl] amide (L6), and 5-(bis(quinolin-2-ylmethyl)amino)pentanoic acid [2-(2,4-dioxo-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrimidin-1-yl)-4-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-3-yl] amide (L7). The rhenium tricarbonyl complexes of L1-L4, L6, and L7, [Re(CO)3(LX)]Br (X=1-4, 6, 7: compounds 5-10, respectively), have been prepared by reacting the appropriate ligand with [NEt4][Re(CO)3Br3] in methanol. The ligands and their rhenium complexes were obtained in good yields and characterized by common spectroscopic techniques including 1D and 2D NMR, HRMS, IR, cyclic voltammetry, UV, and luminescence spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography. The crystal structure of complex 6.0.5NaPF6 displays a facial geometry of the carbonyl ligands. The nitrogen donors of the tridentate ligand complete the distorted octahedral spheres of the complex. Crystal data: monoclinic, C2, a = 24.618(3) A, b = 11.4787(11) A, c = 15.5902(15) A, beta = 112.422(4) degrees , Z = 4, D(calc) = 1.562 g/cm3.     

Compositions of royal jelly II. Organic acid glycosides and sterols of the royal jelly of honeybees (Apis mellifera)

Two organic acid glycosides (1, 2) and 16 sterols were isolated from the royal jelly of honeybees (Apis mellifera). The former two were monoglucosides of 10-hydroxy-2E-decenoic and 10-hydroxydecanoic acids. They are the first examples of glycosides isolated from royal jelly. The latter 16 were sterols mainly composed of 28 or 29 carbons. Among them, four compounds were new isofucosterol derivatives, and their structures were characterized as (24Z)-stigmasta-5,24(28)-dien-3beta-ol-7-one (3), (24Z)-stigmasta-5,24(28)-diene-3beta,7beta-diol (4), (24Z)-stigmasta-5,24(28)-diene-3beta,7alpha-diol (5), and (24Z)-stigmast-24(28)-ene-3beta,5alpha,6beta-triol (6) on the basis of various NMR spectroscopic data.     

红树林真菌Penicillium sp．No．ZZF33发酵液化学成分的研究

海洋微生物是寻找药物先导化合物的一个新的源泉,人类已从海洋微生物的次级代谢产物中发现了许多有生物活性的结构新颖的化合物[1]。近几年,本研究组对来自南中国海红树林的海洋真菌的代谢产物进行了系统的研究,从中发现大量有生物活性的化合物,揭示了红树林真菌的巨大应用潜力     

培养南海红树林内源真菌Fusarium sp. ZZF60产新型蒽醌衍生物

通过人工发酵培养,从南海红树林内源真菌Fusarium sp.ZZF60的培养液中分离得到:1种新蒽醌衍生物,6,8-二甲氧基-1-甲基-2-(3-氧丁基)蒽醌(1),以及5种已知化合物:7-羟基-3-(4-甲氧基苯基)苯并-γ-吡喃酮(2),2,4-二羟基-6-[(1′E,3′E)-1′,3′-戊二烯基]苯甲醛(3),(E)-4-羟基肉桂酸甲酯(4),4-(4-羟基苯基)-2-丁醇(5),4-羟基苯甲酸(6)。它们的结构通过MS、NMR等波谱分析推导确定。初步药理活性显示,化合物1抑制体外培养人喉癌细胞Hep2和人肝癌细胞HepG2的IC50分别为16和23μmol/L。     

新型苯并二氢呋喃合二酮酸类化合物的合成及其与整合酶分子对接研究

以阿魏酸甲酯为原料,通过氧化偶联构建2-芳基苯并二氢呋喃骨架,再经傅克酰基化和酯缩合反应依次制得(E)-3-［2-(4-羟基-3-甲氧基-5-乙酰基)苯基-3-甲氧羰基-7-甲氧基-2,3-二氢苯［b］并呋喃-5-基］丙烯酸甲酯（3）和(E)-3-［2-(4-羟基-3-甲氧基-5-甲氧羰基乙酰基)苯基-3-甲氧羰基-7-甲氧基-2,3二氢苯并［b］呋喃-5-基］丙烯酸甲酯（4）; 4经水解反应合成3-【2-羟基-3-甲氧基-5-｛5-［2-（甲氧基羰基）乙烯基］-7-甲氧基-3-甲氧羰基-2,3-二氢苯并［b］呋喃-2-｝基】苯基-3-氧丙酸（5）,化合物3~5未见文献报道,其结构经¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR和MS(ESI)表征。采用分子对接软件Autodock vina对化合物2~5与HIV-1整合酶核心部位高度同源的PFV IN（PDB: 3L2V）进行对接,计算结果显示该类化合物能与整合酶形成稳定的复合物,具有1,3-二酮基团的化合物3, 4和5能与整合酶中金属离子产生螯合作用,其中化合物5的结合作用最强。     

Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of some derivatives of (7-hydroxy-2-oxo-2H-chromen-4-yl)-acetic acid hydrazide

(7-Hydroxy-2-oxo-2H-chromen-4-yl)-acetic acid hydrazide (2) was prepared from (7-hydroxy-2-oxo-2H-chromen-4-yl)-acetic acid ethyl ester (1) and 100% hydrazine hydrate. Compound 2, is the key intermediate for the synthesis of several series of new compounds such as Schiff's bases 3a-l, formic acid N'-[2-(7-hydroxy-2-oxo-2H- chromen-4-yl)acetyl] hydrazide (4), acetic acid N'-[2-(7-hydroxy-2-oxo-2H-chromen-4- yl)-acetyl] hydrazide (5), (7-hydroxy-2-oxo-2H-chromen-4-yl)-acetic acid N'-[2-(4- hydroxy-2-oxo-2H-chromen-3-yl)-2-oxoethyl] hydrazide (6), 4-phenyl-1-(7-hydroxy-2- oxo-2H-chromen- 4-acetyl) thiosemicarbazide (7), ethyl 3-{2-[2-(7-hydroxy-2-oxo-2H- chromen-4-yl)-acetyl]hydrazono}butanoate (8), (7-hydroxy-2-oxo-2H-chromen-4-yl)- acetic acid N'-[(4-trifluoromethylphenylimino)methyl] hydrazide (9) and (7-hydroxy-2- oxo-2H-chromen-4-yl)acetic acid N'-[(2,3,4-trifluorophenylimino)-methyl] hydrazide (10). Cyclo- condensation of compound 2 with pentane-2,4-dione gave 4-[2-(3,5- dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-2-oxoethyl]-7-hydroxy-2H-chromen-2-one (11), while with carbon disulfide it afforded 7-hydroxy-4-[(5-mercapto-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)methyl]-2H- chromen-2-one (12) and with potassium isothiocyanate it gave 7-hydroxy-4-[(5- mercapto-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)methyl]-2H-chromen-2-one (14). Compound 7 was cyclized to afford 2-(7-hydroxy-2-oxo-2H-chromen-4-yl)-N -(4-oxo-2-phenylimino- thiazolidin-3-yl) acetamide (15).     

A new butanolide compound from the aerial part of Lindera akoensis with anti-inflammatory activity

A new butanolide, 3β-((E)-dodec-1-enyl)-4β-hydroxy-5β-methyldihydrofuran-2-one (1) and four known butanolides: Akolactone A (2), (3Z,4α,5β)-3-(dodec-11-enylidene)-4-hydroxy-5-methylbutalactone (3), (3E,4α,5β)-3-(dodec-11-enylidene)-4-hydroxy-5-methylbutalactone (4) and dihydroisoobtusilactone (5), were isolated from the aerial parts of Lindera akoensis. These butanolides showed in vitro anti-inflammatory activity decrease the LPS-stimulated production of nitrite in RAW264.7 cell, with IC?? values of 1.4-179.9 μM.     

Isolation of tetraprenyltoluquinols from the brown alga Sargassum thunbergii

Thunbergols A (4) and B (5), tetraprenyltoluquinols, along with three known compounds (1-3) have been isolated from the brown alga Sargassum thunbergii. The structures of these two new compounds were determined to be 9-(3,4-dihydro-2,8-dimethyl-6-hydroxy-2H-1-benzopyran-2-yl)-6-methyl-2-(4-methyl-3-pentenyl)-(2E,6E)-nonadienoic acid (4) and 10-(2,3-dihydro-5-hydroxy-7-methyl-1-benzofuran-2-yl)-10-hydroxy-6-methyl-2-(4-methyl-3-pentenyl)-(2E,6E)-undecadienoic acid (5), respectively, by combined spectroscopic methods. Both of them exhibited significant scavenging activities on radical and potently inhibited generation of ONOO(-) from morpholinosydnonimine (SIN-1).     

New glycosides from the Japanese fern Hymenophyllum barbatum

Thirteen glycosides and methyl (3R,5R)-5-hydroxy-(beta-D-glucopyranosyloxy)-hexanoate were newly isolated from the Japanese fern Hymenophyllum barbatum, although our previous work revealed the isolation of hemiterpene glycosides, hymenosides A-J, from the same species. The structures of the newly isolated glycosides were elucidated by extensive two-dimensional (2D) NMR and/or chemical evidence. The structures of those aglycones were divided into four types, 2-methyl-but-2-ene-1,4-diol, 2-hydroxymethyl-but-2-ene-1,4-diol, 2-methylene-butane-1,3,4-triol, and 3-hydroxy-5-hexanolide. The sugar moieties, which were acylated by phenylacetic acid derivatives, were also established by chemical and spectroscopic methods. Eight glucosides of the isolated compounds in the present investigation had a bitter or weakly pungent taste. It is clear that a phenylacetyl group attached to glucose or allose as an ester is necessary for the bitter taste.     

Two directions of the reaction of 3,4-dihydroxy-6-oxoalka-2,4-dienoic acid esters with anthranilic acid hydrazide

Methyl 3,4-dihydroxy-6-oxoalka-2,4-dienoates reacted with anthranilic acid hydrazide to give methyl [5-alkyl-1-(2-aminobenzamido)-2-hydroxy-3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrol-2-yl]acetates. The reaction of anthranilic acid hydrazide with ethyl 3,4-dihydroxy-6-oxohepta-2,4-dienoate afforded ethyl (2Z)-(3a-hydroxy-2-methyl-10-oxo-3,3a,5,10-tetrahydro-4H-pyrazolo[5,1-c][1,4]benzodiazepin-4-ylidene)acetate as solvate with one methanol molecule. The structure of the isolated compounds was determined on the basis of IR and NMR spectra and X-ray diffraction data.     

Antiangiogenic polyketides from Peperomia dindygulensis Miq

Two new polyketides: 2Z-(heptadec-12-enyl)-4-hydroxy-3,4,7,8-tetrahydro-2H-chromen-5(6H)-one (1) and 2-(heptadec-12-enyl)-5-hydroxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrochromen- 4-one (2), together with eleven known compounds: 4-hydroxy-2-[(3,4-methylenedioxy- phenyl)tridecanoyl] cyclohexane-1,3-dione (3), oleiferinone (4), 4-hydroxy-2-[(3,4- methylenedioxyphenyl)undecanoyl]cyclohexane-1,3-dione (5), 4-hydroxy-2-[(11-phenyl- undecanoyl)cyclohexane-1,3-dione (6), proctorione C (7), surinone C (8), 5-hydroxy- 7,8,4'-trimethoxyflavone (9), 5-hydroxy-7,8,3',4'-tetramethoxyflavone (10), 5-hydroxy- 7,3',4'-trimethoxyflavone (11), 5,8-dihydroxy-7,3',4'-trimethoxyflavone (12) and cepharanone B (13) were isolated from the whole plant of Peperomia dindygulensis Miq. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods, including 2D-NMR techniques. Compounds 2, 3, 5 and 8 inhibited human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) proliferation and compounds 5 and 8 sharply suppressed HUVEC tube formation.