The uncertainty and quantum correlation of measurement in double quantum-dot systems

In this work, we study the entropic uncertainty and quantum discord in two double-quantum-dot (DQD) system coupled via a transmission line resonator (TLR). Explicitly, the dynamics of the systemic quantum correlation and measured uncertainty are analysed with respect to a general X-type state as the initial state. Interestingly, it is found that the different parameters, including the eigenvalue α of the coherent state, detuning amount δ, frequency ω and the coupling constant g, have subtle effects on the dynamics of the entropic uncertainty, such as the oscillation period of the uncertainty. It is clear to reveal that the quantum discord and the lower bound of the entropic uncertainty are anti-correlated when the initial state of the system is the Werner-type state, while quantum discord and the lower bound of the entropic uncertainty are not anti-correlated when the initial state of the system is the Bell-diagonal state. Thereby, we claim that the current investigation would provide an insight into the entropic uncertainty and quantum correlation in DQDs system, and are basically of importance to quantum precision measurement in practical quantum information processing.     

不同磁场环境下Heisenberg XXZ自旋链中的热量子失协

本文研究了不同磁场环境下一维Heisenberg XXZ自旋链中两量子比特的热量子失协特性. 在四种不同的磁场环境下: 1) B₁=B₂=0 (无磁场); 2) B₁≠0, B₂=0 (磁场只作用于其中一个量子比特); 3) B₁=B₂ (均匀磁场); 4) B₁=-B₂ (非均匀磁场), 对分别作用在每个量子比特上的磁场B₁和B₂对其量子关联的影响作了详细的讨论, 且数值计算和比较了其量子失协和量子纠缠的异同. 结果显示: 在有限温度下, 量子失协相比于量子纠缠更普遍, 且非均匀磁场相比于均匀磁场对量子失协和量子纠缠更有用, 更有利于量子通讯和量子信息处理过程. 关键词： 量子关联 纠缠 量子失协     

Thermal Quantum Discord in Pure Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya Model with Magnetic Field

We investigate the effects of the directions of Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya (DM) interaction vector and magnetic field on the quantum discord in the pure DM model. For different directions of DM vector, we find that there are different optimal parameter components of magnetic field. Moreover, we find that the optimal parameter components rules are the same for the Hamiltonian H₁ and H₂. According to the rules, for a certain axial DM vector, we can get the maximal quantum discord by adjusting the direction of the external magnetic field, which is feasible under the current experimental technology.     

Entanglement and discord assisted entropic uncertainty relations under decoherence

The uncertainty principle is a crucial aspect of quantum mechanics.It has been shown that quantum entanglement as well as more general notions of correlations,such as quantum discord,can relax or tighten the entropic uncertainty relation in the presence of an ancillary system.We explored the behaviour of entropic uncertainty relations for system of two qubits—one of which subjects to several forms of independent quantum noise,in both Markovian and non-Markovian regimes.The uncertainties and their lower bounds,identified by the entropic uncertainty relations,increase under independent local unital Markovian noisy channels,but they may decrease under non-unital channels.The behaviour of the uncertainties(and lower bounds)exhibit periodical oscillations due to correlation dynamics under independent non-Markovian reservoirs.In addition,we compare different entropic uncertainty relations in several special cases and find that discord-tightened entropic uncertainty relations offer in general a better estimate of the uncertainties in play.     

非马尔科夫环境中各向异性海森堡自旋链的量子失协

利用量子失协方法研究在非马尔科夫环境中具有时变磁场的两比特各向异性海森堡XYZ模型量子失协的动力学演化。海森堡XYZ系统的初始态为最大纠缠态 $\left|\psi_{A B}\right\rangle=(1 / \sqrt{2})(|11\rangle+|00\rangle)$ , 利用非马尔科夫量子态扩散方法解析求解非马尔科夫主方程, 得出系统的约化密度矩阵; 然后代入量子失协公式得出系统量子失协的演化动力学。讨论自旋耦合强度、环境关联系数γ和余弦磁场强度B对量子失协动力学的影响。研究发现: 当环境关联系数γ较小时, 系统的量子失协明显呈现上升趋势, 因此可以表明非马尔科夫环境具有增加系统量子失协的作用。同时较大的自旋耦合系数J和J_Z以及余弦磁场强度B也具有增加系统量子失协的作用。     

Reduced s-d model with antiferromagnetically coupled impurity spins

An antiferromagnetic equivalent-neighbour Heisenberg interaction H_i between impurity spins is added to the reduced s-d Hamiltonian H_r previously introduced by simplifying the Kondo s-d exchange Hamiltonian H_K. Asymptotic mean-field theory is developed for H_r + H_i, in the presence and absence of external magnetic field, and applied to (La_1−xCe_x)Al₂ alloys. Specific heat c_i(T) and zero-field susceptibility χ_i(0,T) curves for (La_1−xCe_x)Al₂ are depicted. The coupling constants of H_r + H_i and conduction bandwidth are adjusted so that T_c temperatures for x = 0.2, 0.1 are equal to the experimental values. c_i(T) exhibits a jump at T_c and is decreasing for T < T_c. χ_i(0,T) has a first order pole at T_c which corresponds to the maximum of experimental susceptibility and χ_i(0,0) > 0. These results improve those obtained earlier on the grounds of H_r theory.     

具有Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya相互作用的XY模型的量子相干性

研究了具有Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya(DM)相互作用的一维横场XY自旋链的量子相变和量子相干性.采用约旦-维格纳变换严格求解了哈密顿量,并描绘了体系的关联函数和相图,相图包含反铁磁相、顺磁相和螺旋相.利用相对熵和Jensen-Shannon熵讨论了XY模型的量子相干性.研究发现,相对熵与Jensen-Shannon熵所表现的行为都可以很好地表征该模型的量子相变.非螺旋相中量子相干性不依赖DM相互作用,而在螺旋相DM相互作用对量子相干性有显著影响.此外,指出了在带有DM相互作用的这一类反射对称破缺体系中关联函数计算的常见问题.     

Quantum thermal discord in a two-spin-1/2 XXZ model

We study the quantum discord in a two-spin-1/2 XXZ model in thermal equilibrium at temperature T in the presence of an external magnetic field B. Special attention is paid to the dependence of quantum discord on the temperature T and magnetic field B. It is found that quantum thermal discord is more robust than concurrence against temperature, in the sense that quantum thermal discord does not vanish at finite temperatures, but concurrence vanishes completely at a critical temperature.     

双自旋系统中的量子失协问题研究

利用量子失协的几何度量方案研究了双自旋海森堡模型中的量子关联特性, 得到了一般情形下两量子态量子失协度的解析表达式, 讨论了量子位之间的耦合强度、温度和外加磁场强度等对量子关联大小的影响, 并给出了对应的量子关联调控方案. 此外还发现在低温下量子失协存在突变的现象. 结果表明, 在双自旋的海森堡模型体系下, 可以通过对系统参数(如温度、耦合强度、磁场强度等)的调节来实现对量子关联大小的有效调控, 这将会对在量子信息科学中精确控制量子失协和实现量子态的隐形传输以及量子逻辑门的设计提供一定的借鉴和指导意义.     

Swendsen-Wang simulation of Ising spins and a precise definition of critical clusters

A recent ultrafast simulation of Ising spins (σ_i = ± 1) utilizes a random + to − flip-over of duly defined decoupled blocks of spins. We show that the random dynamics alone suffices to prove the correspondence of the blocks with “critical clusters” describing thermal (magnetic) fluctuation. (The precise requirement is σ_iσ_i = 1, for a pair of spins inside a block, and σ_iσ_j = 0, for a σ_i inside and σ_j, outside.) The present approach helps to extend the study of critical clusters, and also ultrafast simulation, to the case of nonzero magnetization. Finite critical clusters constitute always a ± symmetric set and are very different (much smaller) than continuous domains of similarly oriented spins.     

Controlling the entropic uncertainty and quantum discord in two two-level systems by an ancilla in dissipative environments

The uncertainty principle is a crucial aspect of quantum mechanics.It has been shown that the uncertainty principle can be tightened by quantum discord and classical correlation in the presence of quantum memory.We investigate the control of the entropic uncertainty and quantum discord in two two-level systems by an ancilla in dissipative environment.Our results show that the entropic uncertainty of an observed system can be reduced and the quantum discord between the observed system and the quantum memory system can be enhanced in the steady state of the system by adding an dissipative ancilla.Particularly,via preparing the state of the system to the highest excited state with hight fidelity,the entropic uncertainty can be reduced markedly and the quantum discord can be enhanced obviously.We explain these results using the definition of state fidelity.Furthermore,we present an effective strategy to further reduce the the entropic uncertainty and to enhance the the quantum discord via quantum-jump-based feedback control.Therefore,our results may be of importance in the context of quantum information technologies.     

与XY双自旋链耦合的双量子比特系统的关联性与相干性

研究了双量子比特系统中在具有Dzyaloshinsky-Moriya相互作用的独立XY自旋链环境下的相干性与关联性动力学.推导出相干性与关联性的演化规律.发现在自旋链的临界点附近,当tt_0时,系统相干性的演化与经典关联完全相同;而在tt_0时,则与量子关联完全相同;在t_0时刻,量子关联突变为经典关联.     

Correlation lengths and E8 mass spectrum of the dilute A3 lattice model

The exact perturbation approach is used to derive the elementary correlation lengths ξ_i and related mass gaps mi of the two-dimensional dilute A_L lattice model in regimes 1 and 2 for L odd from the Bethe ansatz solution. In regime 2 the A₃ model is the E₈ lattice realisation of the two-dimensional Ising model in a magnetic field at T = T_c The calculations for the A₃ model in regime 2 start from the eight thermodynamically significant string types found in previous numerical studies. These string types are seen to be consistent in the ordered high field limit. The eight masses obtained reduce with the approach to criticality to the ES masses predicted by Zamolodchikov, thus providing a further direct lattice determination of the Es mass spectrum.     

A new two-mode thermo- and squeezing-mixed optical field

We propose a new two-mode thermo-and squeezing-mixed optical field, described by the new density operator ρ=1-e~f-|g|~2 e~(ga~+b~+)e~(fa~+a)|0〉 f_(bb) 〈0| e~(g*ab), where |0〉_(bb) 〈0| is the b-mode vacuum, e ~(fa~+a)represents the thermo-field, and e~(ga~+b~+) indicates squeezing. The photon statistics for ρ is studied by virtue of the method of integration within ordered product(IWOP) of operators. Such a field can be generated when a two-mode squeezed state passes through a one-mode dissipation channel.     

内嵌InAs量子点的δ掺杂GaAs/AlxGa1-xAs二维电子气特性分析

采用分子束外延技术对δ掺杂GaAs/Al_xGa_1-xAs二维电子气(2DEG)样品进行了生长. 在样品生长过程中, 分别改变掺杂浓度(N_d)、空间隔离层厚度(W_d) 和Al_xGa_1-xAs中Al组分(x_Al)的大小, 并在双温(300 K, 78 K)条件下对生长的样品进行了霍尔测量; 结合测试结果, 分别对N_d, W_d及x_Al与GaAs/Al_xGa_1-xAs 2DEG的载流子浓度和迁移率之间的关系规律进行了细致的分析讨论. 生长了包含有低密度InAs量子点层的δ掺杂GaAs/Al_xGa_1-xAs 2DEG 样品, 采用梯度生长法得到了不同密度的InAs量子点. 霍尔测量结果表明, 随着InAs量子点密度的增加, GaAs/Al_xGa_1-xAs 2DEG的迁移率大幅度减小, 实验中获得了密度最低为16×10⁸/cm²的InAs量子点样品. 实验结果为内嵌InAs量子点的δ掺杂GaAs/Al_xGa_1-xAs 2DEG的研究和应用提供了依据和参考. 关键词： 二维电子气 InAs量子点 载流子浓度 迁移率     

近800 nm波长张应变GaAsP/AlGaAs量子阱激光器有源区的设计

张应变GaAs_1-xP_x量子阱是高性能大功率半导体激光器的核心有源区,基于能带结构分析优化其结构参数具有重要的应用指导意义.首先,基于6×6 Luttinger-Kohn模型,采用有限差分法计算了张应变GaAs_1-xP_x量子阱的能带结构,得到了第一子带间跃迁波长固定为近800 nm时的阱宽-阱组分关系,即随着阱组分x的增加,需同时增大阱宽,且阱宽较大时靠近价带顶的是轻空穴第一子带lh₁,阱宽较小时靠近价带顶的是重空穴第一子带hh₁.计算并分析了导带第一子带c₁到价带子带lh₁和hh₁的跃迁动量矩阵元.针对808 nm量子阱激光器,模拟计算了阈值增益与阱宽的关系,得到大阱宽有利于横磁模激射,小阱宽有利于横电模激射.进一步考虑了自发辐射和俄歇复合之后,模拟计算了808 nm量子阱激光器的阱宽与阈值电流密度的关系,阱宽较大时载流子对高能级子带的填充使得阈值电流密度增加,而阱宽较小时则是低的有源区光限制因子导致阈值电流密度升高,因此存在一最佳的阱宽-阱组分组合,可使阈值电流密度达到最小.本文的模拟结果可对张应变GaAs_1-xP_x量子阱激光器的理论分析和结构设计提供理论指导.     

Anomalous magnetotransport phenomena in θ-(BEDT-TTF)2I3

Anomalous magnetotransport phenomena have been observed in θ-(BEDT-TTF)₂I₃ crystals at temperatures below 15 K. The magnetoresistance M : (1) is a linear function of the magnetic field H, (2) is not affected by the angle between the electric current and the magnetic field, (3) but depends on the magnetic field orientation with respect to the crystal axis. Magnetoresistance is expressed as M = (aH²_a + bH²_b + cH²_c)₀^-3/2/H in terms of H = (H_a, H_b, H_c), the zero field resistivity ₀, and parameters a, b, and c which are independent of temperature and magnetic field. We have found that b a > c. Magnetoresistance up to 40 is observed for H = 7T along the b-axis at T = 1.5K.     

杨-巴克斯特自旋1/2链模型的量子关联研究

量子系统各部分间的量子关联可以作为量子信息应用研究的基础资源. 而量子失协是度量量子关联大小的物理量. 由此研究杨-巴克斯特自旋1/2链模型的量子关联情况. 首先利用两个杨-巴克斯特方程的解得到相应的杨-巴克斯特自旋1/2链模型. 然后, 计算分析热平衡时杨-巴克斯特自旋1/2链模型的量子失协、几何量子失协和量子纠缠随着温度和外磁场的变化情况. 结果表明对于杨-巴克斯特自旋1/2链模型, 量子失协和几何量子失协能够比量子纠缠更好地度量量子关联.     

{Cu_3}单分子磁体在热平衡和磁场作用下的三体纠缠

本文研究了Na_9[Cu_3Na_3(H_2O)_9(α-As W_9O_(33))_2]·26H_2O(简记为{Cu_3})单分子磁体在热平衡和外加磁场作用下的三体纠缠性质,利用等效自旋模型和实验拟合参数,数值计算了{Cu_3}型三角自旋环中三体负性纠缠度(tripartite negativity).分别考虑沿垂直于三角自旋环方向的磁场、平行于三角自旋环方向的磁场,以及倾斜磁场的情形.结果表明,磁场的方向、大小以及温度对系统三体负性纠缠度有着重要影响.文中给出了在不同磁场方向下,临界温度随磁场强度的变化图,由此可以得到三体纠缠存在的参数区域.同时发现在特定的参数区域,该系统存在纠缠恢复现象.因此适当调节温度、磁场强度大小和磁场方向可以有效调控{Cu_3}型三角自旋环中的三体纠缠性质.     

Quantum Correlation in Three-Qubit Heisenberg Model with Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya Interaction

We investigate the pairwise thermal quantum discord in a three-qubit XXZ model with Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya (DM) interaction. We find that the effects of DM interaction on antiferromagnetic system is distinct from that of ferromagnetic system. The magnetic field supplemented with DM term contribute to enhance the range of quantum discord. It is revealed that the situations where quantum discord fails to indicate a sudden change of groundstate at finite temperature though indicating such a sudden change of groundstate at zero temperature. Dynamics of pairwise thermal quantum discord is considered as well. Thermal quantum discord vanishes in asymptotic limit regardless of its initial values, however, thermal entanglement suddenly disappears in finite time.