非自治时滞反馈控制系统的周期解分岔和混沌

研究时滞反馈控制对具有周期外激励非线性系统复杂性的影响机理,研究对应的线性平衡态失稳的临界边界,将时滞非线性控制方程化为泛函微分方程,给出由Hopf分岔产生的周期解的解析形式．通过分析周期解的稳定性得到周期解的失稳区域,使用数值分析观察到时滞在该区域可以导致系统出现倍周期运动、锁相运动、概周期运动和混沌运动以及两条通向混沌的道路：倍周期分岔和环面破裂．其结果表明,时滞在控制系统中可以作为控制和产生系统的复杂运动的控制“开关”．     

碰摩裂纹转子轴承系统的周期运动稳定性及实验研究

根据碰摩裂纹耦合故障转子轴承系统的非线性动力学方程，利用求解非线性非自治系统周期解的延拓打靶法，研究了系统周期运动的稳定性。研究发现，小偏心量下系统周期运动发生Hopf分岔，大偏心量下系统周期运动发生倍周期分岔，偏心量的加大使周期解的稳定性明显降低；系统碰摩间隙变小，碰摩影响了油膜涡动的形成，使失稳转速有所提高；裂纹深度的加大降低了系统周期运动的稳定性。本文的研究为转子轴承系统的安全稳定运行提供了理论参考。     

时滞系统动力学近期研究进展与展望

综述了1999年以来时滞系统动力学在力学、机械工程、航空航天、生态学、生物学、神经网络、激光、电子和信息技术、保密通讯和经济学等领域的研究进展, 总结了其中的研究方法. 通过本文可以看出时滞系统普遍存在于自然和工程实际中, 即使对已经非常熟悉的简单振子,考虑到时滞的影响, 仍有许多问题有待作更深入的理论研究和新现象的发现.针对以往研究中出现的问题, 提出今后几年的发展方向、建议和展望, 同时指出了在理论上急需解决的一些科学问题,例如以时滞反馈控制为中心的控制策略、非线性因素和时滞联合作用的影响、时滞导致的多级分岔使系统呈现出复杂动力学行为、以时滞状态变量耦合为中心构成的网络系统计算模型对系统的影响等问题都是非线性动力学系统所遇到的科学基础问题.      

四神经元时滞网络的稳定性与分岔

本文研究具有长连接的四神经元构成的时滞网络的稳定性与分叉.网络系统可采用一组含有多个时滞的非线性微分方程描述.通过分析网络零平衡点处线性近似系统特征方程的根的分布情况,给出了网络零平衡点全时滞局部渐近稳定条件和与时滞相关的局部渐近稳定条件.讨论网络平衡点的数目及稳定性,得到了网络静态分叉产生条件.以时滞为分叉参数,给出了零平衡点失稳后网络出现由Hopf分叉引起的周期运动的存在性条件.分叉周期运动的性质由网络的非线性因素确定.借助中心流形定理和规范型理论,得到了确定Hopf分叉方向,分叉周期运动稳定性和分叉周期运动周期的公式.最后给出数值算例,验证了理论分析的结果.研究表明:网络中长连接的强度和性质对网络的动力学行为有着重要的影响.     

时滞非线性悬架系统的混沌动力学特性研究

针对时滞减振控制的非线性悬架系统,建立其二自由度系统的动力学方程。首先,对动力系统进行了数值模拟,通过不同控制参数下系统的动力学行为的分岔图、相轨迹、庞加莱截面、功率谱图来研究时滞非线性悬架系统的混沌动力学行为。研究表明,基于系统参数和外在激励,选择适当的时滞控制参数,可避免系统在运行过程中出现混沌现象,改善系统的运行品质。然后,以主系统幅值均方根为目标函数,对系统进行优化得出减振效果最优时的时滞和反馈增益系数,并与无时滞时非线性悬架系统的主振幅响应进行比较。结果表明,时滞对非线性悬架系统减振和系统品质的改善是能够同时实现的。最后,研究了时滞控制参数变化对系统动力学行为的影响,研究发现,同一系统在不同时滞参数下其分岔形式以及通往混沌的形式具有着多样性,会出现倍周期分岔、Hopf分岔、阵发性分岔以及它们各自通往混沌的不同演化模式,这为实现悬架参数的优化控制提供了理论依据。     

考虑时滞效应时耦合化学反应系统的动力学行为

在耦合自催化反应系统中,采用数值分析方法研究了考虑时滞效应和流速扰动时子系统的动力学行为.与原系统相比,该系统呈现出更加丰富的动力学现象.反应过程中出现了结构复杂的混沌吸引子和由在周期解邻域内振荡而产生的概周期运动,并且存在混沌由倍周期分岔演变为新的混沌吸引子的过程.这些结果对于解释耦合化学反应系统中的复杂现象、揭示其反应机理具有一定的指导意义.     

多尺度法在时滞弹性关节机械臂非线性振动问题中的应用

针对非线性弹性关节机械臂,研究传动过程中的时滞效应对机械臂系统周期振动的影响．本文改进了具有弹性关节的非线性机械臂动力学模型,引入时滞参数,应用多尺度法,得到系统的近似解析解,考察了时滞对机械臂系统周期运动的影响规律．数值软件计算结果表明解析解与数值解具有较好的吻合度．从而验证了本文多尺度方法的有效性和正确性．     

具有裂纹-碰摩耦合故障转子-轴承系统的动力学研究

以非线性动力学和转子动力学理论为基础，分析了带有碰摩和裂纹耦合故障的弹性转子系统的复杂运动，在考虑轴承油膜力的同时构造了含有裂纹和碰摩故障转子系统的动力学模型。针对短轴承油膜力和碰摩-裂纹转子系统的强非线性特点，采用Runge-Kutta法对该系统由碰摩和裂纹耦合故障导致的非线性动力学行为进行了数值仿真研究，发现该类碰摩转子系统在运行过程中存在周期运动、拟周期运动和混沌运动等丰富的非线性现象，该研究结果为转子-轴承系统故障诊断、动态设计和安全运行提供理论参考。     

非线性时滞动力系统的研究进展

具有时滞的动力系统广泛存在于各工程领域．本文从动力学角度对时滞动力系统的研究进展作一综述,内容包括时滞动力系统的特点、研究方法、动力学热点问题的研究进展等．由于时滞动力系统的演化趋势不仅依赖于系统的当前状态,还依赖于系统过去某一时刻或若干时刻的状态,其运动方程要用泛国微分方程来描述,解空间是无穷维的．即使系统中的时滞非常小,在许多情况下也不能忽略不计．对于非线性时滞常微分方程,目前的研究思路基本上与常微分方程系统理论相平行．主要研究方法可分为时域法和频域法,前者包括Ｔａｙｌｏｒ级数法,中心流形法,Ｐｏｉｎｃａｒｅ映射法等,后者包括Ｎｙｑｕｉｓｔ法等．目前对这类系统的动力学研究主要集中在稳定性、Ｈｏｐｆ分岔、混沌等方面．研究表明：时滞动力系统具有非常丰富和复杂的动力学行为,如单变量的一维非线性时滞动力系统可发生混沌现象,与用常微分方程描述的系统有本质性差别．另一方面,人们可巧妙地利用时滞来控制动力系统的行为,如时滞反馈控制是控制混饨的主要方法之一．最后,本文展望了存在的一些问题以及近期值得关注的研究．     

时滞反馈控制对弹簧摆动力学行为的影响

利用解析和数值方法,以弹簧摆为对象讨论了线性的时滞位移反馈控制对一类平方非线性系统动力学行为的影响。根据多尺度法得到了1:2内共振情况下一次近似解的慢变方程,基于此讨论了反馈控制参数对零解的稳定性和周期解振幅的影响。结果表明:耦合的反馈项在平均方程中并不出现。根据罗斯-霍尔维茨判据发现,没有反馈控制时该系统的零解总是不稳定的,而通过调整反馈增益或反馈时滞就可以很容易地使零解稳定。反馈时滞对周期解振幅的影响呈现周期性,反馈增益或时滞发生变化时,周期解振幅的变化会表现出鞍结分岔现象;同时基于MATLAB软件的数值计算结果验证了该理论分析的正确性。     

Effect of External Excitations on a Nonlinear System with Time Delay

The trivial equilibrium of a two-degree-of-freedom autonomous system may become unstable via a Hopf bifurcation of multiplicity two and give rise to oscillatory bifurcating solutions, due to presence of a time delay in the linear and nonlinear terms. The effect of external excitations on the dynamic behaviour of the corresponding non-autonomous system, after the Hopf bifurcation, is investigated based on the behaviour of solutions to the four-dimensional system of ordinary differential equations. The interaction between the Hopf bifurcating solutions and the high level excitations may induce a non-resonant or secondary resonance response, depending on the ratio of the frequency of bifurcating periodic motion to the frequency of external excitation. The first-order approximate periodic solutions for the non-resonant and super-harmonic resonance response are found to be in good agreement with those obtained by direct numerical integration of the delay differential equation. It is found that the non-resonant response may be either periodic or quasi-periodic. It is shown that the super-harmonic resonance response may exhibit periodic and quasi-periodic motions as well as a co-existence of two or three stable motions.     

Hopf bifurcation and intermittent transition to hyperchaos in a novel strong four-dimensional hyperchaotic system

This paper presents a new four-dimensional autonomous system having complex hyperchaotic dynamics. Basic properties of this new system are analyzed, and the complex dynamical behaviors are investigated by dynamical analysis approaches, such as time series, Lyapunov exponents’ spectra, bifurcation diagram, phase portraits. Moreover, when this new system is hyperchaotic, its two positive Lyapunov exponents are much larger than those of hyperchaotic systems reported before, which implies the new system has strong hyperchaotic dynamics in itself. The Kaplan–Yorke dimension, Poincaré sections and the frequency spectra are also utilized to demonstrate the complexity of the hyperchaotic attractor. It is also observed that the system undergoes an intermittent transition from period directly to hyperchaos. The statistical analysis of the intermittency transition process reveals that the mean lifetime of laminar state between bursts obeys the power-law distribution. It is shown that in such four-dimensional continuous system, the occurrence of intermittency may indicate a transition from period to hyperchaos not only to chaos, which provides a possible route to hyperchaos. Besides, the local bifurcation in this system is analyzed and then a Hopf bifurcation is proved to occur when the appropriate bifurcation parameter passes the critical value. All the conditions of Hopf bifurcation are derived by applying center manifold theorem and Poincaré–Andronov–Hopf bifurcation theorem. Numerical simulation results show consistency with our theoretical analysis.     

Non-planar responses of cantilevered pipes conveying fluid with intermediate motion constraints

In this paper, the nonlinear responses of a loosely constrained cantilevered pipe conveying fluid in the context of three-dimensional (3-D) dynamics are investigated. The pipe is allowed to oscillate in two perpendicular principal planes, and hence its 3-D motions are possible. Two types of motion constraints are considered. One type of constraints is the tube support plate (TSP) which comprises a plate with drilled holes for the pipe to pass through. A second type of constraints consists of two parallel bars (TPBs). The restraining force between the pipe and motion constraints is modeled by a smoothened-trilinear spring. In the theoretical analysis, the 3-D version of nonlinear equations is discretized via Galerkin’s method, and the resulting set of equations is solved using a fourth-order Runge–Kutta integration algorithm. The dynamical behaviors of the pipe system for varying flow velocities are presented in the form of bifurcation diagrams, time traces, power spectra diagrams and phase plots. Results show that both types of motion constraints have a significant influence on the dynamic responses of the cantilevered pipe. Compared to previous work dealing with the loosely constrained pipe with motions restricted to a plane, both planar and non-planar oscillations are explored in this 3-D version of pipe system. With increasing flow velocity, it is shown that both periodic and quasi-periodic motions can occur in the system of a cantilever with TPBs constraints. For a cantilevered pipe with TSP constraints, periodic, chaotic, quasi-periodic and sticking behaviors are detected. Of particular interest of this work is that quasi-periodic motions may be induced in the pipe system with either TPBs or TSP constraints, which have not been observed in the 2-D version of the same system. The results obtained in this work highlight the importance of consideration of the non-planar oscillations in cantilevered pipes subjected to loose constraints.     

3-scroll and 4-scroll chaotic attractors generated from a new 3-D quadratic autonomous system

This article introduces a new chaotic system of 3-D quadratic autonomous ordinary differential equations, which can display 2-scroll chaotic attractors. Some basic dynamical behaviors of the new 3-D system are investigated. Of particular interest is that the chaotic system can generate complex 3-scroll and 4-scroll chaotic attractors. Finally, bifurcation analysis shows that the system can display extremely rich dynamics. The obtained results clearly show that this is a new chaotic system which deserves further detailed investigation.     

双频1:2激励下修正蔡氏振子两尺度耦合行为

不同尺度耦合系统存在的复杂振荡及其分岔机理一直是当前国内外研究的热点课题之一. 目前相关工作大都是针对单频周期激励频域两尺度系统,而对于含有两个或两个以上周期激励系统尺度效应的研究则相对较少. 为深入揭示多频激励系统的不同尺度效应,本文以修正的四维蔡氏电路为例,通过引入两个频率不同的周期电流源,建立了双频1:2周期激励两尺度动力学模型. 当两激励频率之间存在严格共振关系,且周期激励频率远小于系统的固有频率时,可以将两周期激励项转换为单一周期激励项的函数形式. 将该单一周期激励项视为慢变参数,给出了不同激励幅值下快子系统随慢变参数变化的平衡曲线及其分岔行为的演化过程,重点考察了3种较为典型的不同外激励幅值下系统的簇发振荡行为. 结合转换相图,揭示了各种簇发振荡的产生机理. 系统的轨线会随慢变参数的变化,沿相应的稳定平衡曲线运动,而fold分岔会导致轨迹在不同稳定平衡曲线上的跳跃,产生相应的激发态. 激发态可以用从分岔点向相应稳定平衡曲线的暂态过程来近似,其振荡幅值的变化和振荡频率也可用相应平衡点特征值的实部和虚部来描述,并进一步指出随着外激励幅值的改变,导致系统参与簇发振荡的平衡曲线分岔点越多,其相应簇发振荡吸引子的结构也越复杂.      

树形多体系统非线性动力学的数值分析方法

研究了树形多体系统大线性动力学分析的数值方法,利用多体系统的正则方程及其线性化程,给出了多体系统Ｌｙａｐｕｎｏｖ指数和Ｐｏｉｎｃａｒｅ映射的计算方法,该算法具有较好的计算精度和通用性,既适用于说明该算法的有效性,并对该系统的动力学行为进行分析,最后用算例说明该算法的有效性,并对该系统的动力学特征（周期解、准周期解、分岔、混沌以及通往混沌的道路等）进行了分析。     

Bifurcation and chaos of an axially moving viscoelastic string

In this paper, bifurcation and chaos of an axially moving viscoelastic string are investigated. The 1-term and the 2-term Galerkin truncations are respectively employed to simplify the partial-differential equation that governs the transverse motions of the string into a set of ordinary differential equations. The bifurcation diagrams are presented in the case that the transport speed, the amplitude of the periodic perturbation, or the dynamic viscosity is respectively varied while other parameters are fixed. The dynamical behaviors are numerically identified based on the Poincare maps. Numerical simulations indicate that periodic, quasi-periodic and chaotic motions occur in the transverse vibrations of the axially moving viscoelastic string.     

Dynamics of a mass–spring–pendulum system with vastly different frequencies

We investigate the dynamics of a simple pendulum coupled to a horizontal mass?Cspring system. The spring is assumed to have a very large stiffness value such that the natural frequency of the mass?Cspring oscillator, when uncoupled from the pendulum, is an order of magnitude larger than that of the oscillations of the pendulum. The leading order dynamics of the autonomous coupled system is studied using the method of Direct Partition of Motion (DPM), in conjunction with a rescaling of fast time in a manner that is inspired by the WKB method. We particularly study the motions in which the amplitude of the motion of the harmonic oscillator is an order of magnitude smaller than that of the pendulum. In this regime, a pitchfork bifurcation of periodic orbits is found to occur for energy values larger that a critical value. The bifurcation gives rise to nonlocal periodic and quasi-periodic orbits in which the pendulum oscillates about an angle between zero and ??/2 from the down right position. The bifurcating periodic orbits are nonlinear normal modes of the coupled system and correspond to fixed points of a Poincare map. An approximate expression for the value of the new fixed points of the map is obtained. These formal analytic results are confirmed by comparison with numerical integration.     

时变小扰动Hamilton系统的Hopf分岔

运用Melnikov方法研究了时变小扰动Ｈamilton系统周期轨道发生Ｈopf分岔的条件,并将这些条件应用到一类三维时变小扰动非自治系统,数值结果验证了本文理论的正确性,进一步数值积分表明,所研究的系统还存在复杂而有规律的环面分岔行为。