CdTe,核 壳型CdTe/CdS及CdTe/ZnS量子点的合成及表征

在水相中制备了半导体CdTe纳米晶,核 壳型CdTe/CdS和CdTe/ZnS纳米晶（即量子点;QDs）.利用扫描隧道显微镜（STM）和荧光光谱(FS)对合成的纳米晶量子点进行了研究,并且根据FS的数据进行了量子效率的计算.STM的结果表明合成的量子点直径约为3 nm并且分布良好.为了提高量子效率,对Cd2+浓度和Cd2+∶S2－比例等反应条件进行了研究,结果表明随着回流时间的增加,核 壳型量子点CdTe/CdS的量子效率总体上呈下降趋势.CdTe/CdS在pH8.5,Cd2+∶S2－=10∶1（摩尔比）时可获得80.0%的最大量子效率.同时制备了核 壳型量子点CdTe/ZnS,其最大发射波长由551 nm（CdTe）红移到635 nm（CdTe/ZnS）表明量子点的尺寸在增长,但是量子效率下降到14.4%. 当前研究的量子点可适用于生物标记,生物成像,以及基于共振能量转移的生物传感研究.     

谷胱甘肽包被的CdSe/CdS量子点的直接水相制备及其对人血淋巴细胞的标记成像

首次用谷胱甘肽(GSH)作为稳定剂,在水溶液中制备了稳定地发射绿色荧光和橙色荧光的两种 CdSe/CdS核/壳结构的纳米量子点。用紫外-可见分光光度和荧光光谱方法研究了CdSe/CdS量子点的发光特性。透射电镜(TEM)结果表明CdSe/CdS量子点近似球形,在水中分散性良好,比CdSe量子点具有更优异的发光特性,发射光谱和吸收光谱都有红移现象。将CdSe/CdS量子点与鼠抗人CD3抗体连接,制备了水溶性CdSe/CdS-CD3复合物探针,对人血淋巴细胞进行标记和成像。结果表明用该探针对人血淋巴细胞成像清晰,其荧光在30 min的连续蓝光激发下无明显衰退,而FITC荧光在20 min内基本完全猝灭。     

L-半胱氨酸修饰CdS量子点检测银离子

室温一步合成了L-半胱氨酸修饰的CdS量子点,具有水溶性和生物相溶性。在0．0050mol／L磷酸缓冲溶液中,于L-半胱氨酸存在下,银离子对CdS量子点荧光发射有显著的增敏作用,CdS量子点荧光发射峰位置逐渐由545nm向558nm红移,CdS量子点荧光强度与银离子的浓度成线性关系,方法的线性响应范围为2．0×10^-7-1．0×10^-6mol／L,检出限为2．1×10^-8mol／L。是一种简单,迅速,灵敏且可操作的检测银离子的新方法。     

一步水热法合成的石墨烯量子点及其在锰离子探测中的应用

以还原氧化石墨烯为前驱体,采用一步水热法成功制备出了近似球状、分散性良好、尺寸均一的石墨烯量子点。通过傅立叶红外光谱(FTIR)、紫外-可见吸收光谱、荧光光谱等光学手段对样品的结构和光学性能进行了表征,结果显示制备的石墨烯量子点表面含有丰富的含氧官能团,在紫外区有很强的吸收,发射峰强而窄,表现出激发波长不依赖的荧光性能。研究结果表明石墨烯量子点可应用于Mn2+微量探测,石墨烯量子点的荧光强度会随着所加入的Mn2+浓度的增大而降低,在0~400μmol/L间的校准曲线呈线性相关。     

“反胶团法”合成的CdS半导体纳米粒子的光谱性质研究

反相胶束是指由介于油和水界面的表面活性剂分子, 稳定、且均匀分散于连续油介质中的微液滴。它可以作为“微反应器”合成性能优良的CdS粒子。文章研究了反相胶束的W值(W=[水]/[表面活性剂])、[Cd2+]与[S2-]的比例和Cd2+和S2- 离子的起始浓度对CdS纳米粒子发光特性均有明显影响。回流处理可以对CdS纳米粒子的表面进行修饰,可以使CdS粒子的缺陷发光减弱并消失而显著增强激子发射,同时可增大粒径使激子发射峰位红移,体现了明显的量子限域效应; 所得材料的室温最大荧光量子效率高达11%。     

HgTe/CdS/ZnS多壳层量子点的制备与表征

采用一种简单的方法合成HgTe/CdS/ZnS多壳层量子点。首先,以1-硫代甘油为稳定剂,在水相溶液中制备出HgTe核量子点;然后,采用外延生长法依次在HgTe核量子点表面包覆CdS和ZnS壳层,合成出最终具有稳定近红外发光的HgTe/CdS/ZnS多壳层量子点。该合成方法仅需3个步骤,具有操作简单、成本低廉的优点。实验结果显示,当反应温度为90 ℃、反应溶液pH为11.0、反应加热回流时间为4 min时,HgTe/CdS/ZnS多壳层量子点具有最高荧光量子产率36%。     

SiO2干凝胶中CdS量子点的光致发光性质

以正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)为SiO2的前驱物,硝酸镉为镉源,硫脲为硫源,用溶胶-凝胶法制备了CdS量子点掺杂的SiO2干凝胶,利用XRD、紫外-可见吸收光谱、光致发光谱对其性质进行研究.样品的测试结果表明在SiO2干凝胶的网状结构中形成了CdS量子点,平均粒径为5.1 nm.SiO2凝胶中CdS吸收峰位置明显蓝移.在一定...     

功能性硫化镉纳米粒子荧光增敏法测定诺氟沙星

室温条件下在水溶液中以硫代乙酰胺和硝酸镉为原料,采用微波法合成了粒度分布均匀、分散性好的CdS纳米粒子,在pH 7.4时,CdS纳米粒子的荧光强度能够被诺氟沙星增敏,且CdS纳米粒子的荧光光谱显示其带边发射位于495 nm,缺陷发射位于565 nm而且不明显,所以表明合成的CdS纳米粒子的光学性质较好,同时紫外吸收光谱和透射电子显微镜也证明了此推论。同时考察了缓冲液、pH值、离子强度、反应时间和温度等条件因素对CdS纳米粒子-诺氟沙星复合体系荧光光谱特性的影响。探讨了在最佳实验条件下,CdS纳米粒子与诺氟沙星之间的可能作用机理,荧光光谱法显示CdS纳米粒子的增加强度与诺氟沙星浓度成正比, 其浓度范围为1.25～11.25 μg·mL-1或11.25～100.0 μg·mL-1,检测限为1.5×10-3 μg·mL-1。该方法为研究诺氟沙星含量测定提供了一种新的思路, 同时为研究其在体内代谢提供了一定的指导意义。     

CdS纳米粒子的微波法制备及其光谱特性研究

用微波法以硫代乙酰胺为硫源,成功合成了CdS纳米粒子。透射电子显微镜(TEM）对合成的CdS纳米粒子的表征结果为粒径约12 nm, 粒径分布较为均匀,分散性较好。研究了微波功率、pH值、反应时间等因素对其吸收光谱,荧光光谱和粒径的影响。结果表明,在微波功率为30％、初始反应pH 9.0、微波反应时间为25 min时,可合成质量较高的CdS纳米粒子。比较了以硫代乙酰胺、硫脲和硫化钠为硫源合成的CdS纳米粒子,结果表明,以硫代乙酰胺为硫源合成的CdS纳米粒子荧光带边发射强,缺陷发射弱,荧光性质较好;而以硫脲为硫源合成的CdS纳米粒子荧光边带发射弱;以硫化钠为硫源合成的CdS纳米粒子荧光以缺陷发射为主。铜离子在6.4～512 μg·L-1范围内对该纳米粒子荧光的猝灭呈现良好线性, 可用于痕量铜离子的测定。     

CdS及其包裹型纳米颗粒PVA基复合膜的特性研究

以聚乙烯醇 (PVA)、六偏磷酸钠为分散剂 ,采用溶胶法合成了 Cd S纳米胶体颗粒 ,制备出 Cd S及其包裹型纳米颗粒 PVA基复合膜。通过光子相干光谱粒度仪 (PCS)、紫外 -可见吸收光谱 (UV- VIS)、荧光光谱 (PL)对样品进行了初步表征。结果表明 ,Cd S纳米颗粒 PVA基复合膜的紫外 -可见吸收光谱有明显的蓝移现象 ,所发荧光主要由表面态发射引起 ;包裹型 PVA基复合膜所发荧光主要由带边发射引起     

CdS/PAMAM树形分子纳米复合材料的荧光性能研究

采用荧光发射法研究了不同Cd2+与树形分子的摩尔比(负载比)条件下硫化镉(CdS)/聚酰胺-胺(RAMAM)树形分子纳米复合材料(NCs)水溶液的荧光性能,并探索了其荧光产生的机理.结果表明:在波长330 nm光的激发下,CdS/G4.0-NH2PAMAM NCs的荧光发射光谱中出现了2个峰,一个是PAMAM树形分子的...     

Optical properties of cadmium sulfide nanocrystal film prepared by electrochemical synthesis at liquid-liquid interface

Dendritic nanocrystalline CdS film was deposited at liquid-liquid interface of surfactants and an electrolyte containing 4 mmol L⁻¹ cadmium chloride (CdCl₂) and 16 mmol L⁻¹ thioacetamide (CH₃CSNH₂) with an initial pH value of 5 at 15 °C by electrochemical synthesis. The nanofilm was characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), ultraviolet visible (UV-vis) absorption spectroscopy and fluorescence spectroscopy. The surface morphology and particle size of the nanofilm were investigated by AFM, SEM and TEM, and the crystalline size was 30-50 nm. The thickness of the nanofilm calculated by optical absorption spectrum was 80 nm. The microstructure and composition of the nanofilm was investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), showing its polycrystalline structure consisting of CdS and Cd. Optical properties of the nanofilm were investigated systematically by UV-vis absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy. A λ_onset blue shift compared with bulk CdS was observed in the absorption spectra. Fluorescence spectra of the nanofilm indicated that the CdS nanofilm emitted blue and green light. The nanocomposites film electrode will bring about anodic photocurrent during illumination, showing that the transfer of cavities produces photocurrent.     

Multi-spectroscopic techniques to evaluate the toxicity of alloyed CdSeS quantum dots

Alloyed CdSeS quantum dots (QDs) were successfully synthesized in aqueous phase using microwave irradiation. UV–vis spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques proved that the prepared alloyed QDs are composed of a CdSe-rich core and thick CdS shell with homogeneous size distributions. In order to study its biological toxicity, multi-spectroscopic techniques were adopted to investigate their conjugation with BSA. Fluorescence quenching methods indicated the prepared CdSeS QDs strongly quenched the fluorescence of BSA due to the formation of non-fluorescence ground-state complex. UV–vis absorbance spectra, synchronous fluorescence spectra and CD spectra further confirmed the alloyed CdSeS QDs binded with BSA and destroyed their hydrogen bonding networks, which induced the conformation changes of this macromolecule.     

Surface-defect-states photoluminescence in CdS nanocrystals prepared by one-step aqueous synthesis method

CdS nanocrystals were prepared by a simple one-step aqueous synthesis method using thioglycolic acid (TGA) as the capping molecule, and characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), UV-vis absorption spectra and photoluminescence (PL) emission spectroscopy. The effects of both TGA/Cd and Cd/S molar ratio on the surface-defect-state PL intensity of CdS nanocrystals have been investigated. It was found that all of the as-prepared CdS nanocrystals showed a strong broad emission in the range of 450-700 nm centered at 560 nm, which was attributed to the recombination of an electron trapped in a sulfur vacancy with a hole in the valance band of CdS. The surface-defect-states emission intensity of CdS nanocrystals significantly increased with the increase of Cd/S molar ratio, and showed a maximum when Cd/S molar ratio was 2.0. If Cd/S molar ratio continued to increase, namely more than 2.0, the surface-defect-states emission intensity would decrease. It was found that the surface-defect-states emission intensity increased with the increase the TGA/Cd molar ratio, and showed a maximum when the TGA/Cd molar ratio was equal to 1.8, and a further increase of the TGA/Cd molar ratio would lead to the decrease of the surface-defect-states emission intensity.     

聚电解质/硫化镉薄膜的层-层组装及其光谱分析

以六偏磷酸钠为稳定剂,采用硝酸镉和硫化钠合成了硫化镉纳米颗粒,利用层-层组装技术制备了聚电解质与硫化镉胶体的复合薄膜.吸收光谱显示,硫化镉胶体的吸收带边相对其体相有明显蓝移,并可观察到激子吸收峰,显示出量子尺寸效应.复合薄膜的荧光光谱上出现2个发光带,随着薄膜的组装层数的增加,复合薄膜的带带跃迁发光和表面态发光都相应减弱.     

Facile synthesis of mercaptosuccinic acid-capped CdTe/CdS/ZnS core/double shell quantum dots with improved cell viability on different cancer cells and normal cells

Water-soluble, mercaptosuccinic acid (MSA)-capped CdTe/CdS/ZnS core/double shell quantum dots (QDs) were prepared by successive growth of CdS and ZnS shells on the as-synthesized CdTe/CdS_thin core/shell quantum dots. The formation of core/double shell structured QDs was investigated by ultraviolet-visible (UV–Vis) absorption and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy, PL decay studies, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The core/double shell QDs exhibited good photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) which is 70% higher than that of the parent core/shell QDs, and they are stable for months. The average particle size of the core/double shell QDs was ～3 nm as calculated from the transmission electron microscope (TEM) images. The cytotoxicity of the QDs was evaluated on a variety of cancer cells such as HeLa, MCF-7, A549, and normal Vero cells by 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) cell viability assay. The results showed that core/double shell QDs were less toxic to the cells when compared to the parent core/shell QDs. MCF-7 cells showed proliferation on incubation with QDs, and this is attributed to the metalloestrogenic activity of cadmium ions released from QDs. The core/double shell CdTe/CdS/ZnS (CSS) QDs were conjugated with transferrin and successfully employed for the biolabeling and fluorescent imaging of HeLa cells. These core/double shell QDs are highly promising fluorescent probe for cancer cell labeling and imaging applications.     

Fabrication of highly luminescent InP/Cd and InP/CdS quantum dots

Highly luminescent InP/Cd and InP/CdS core-shell QDs were fabricated by sequential addition of cadmium acetylacetonate and dodecanethiol to InP core solutions, which showed a red-shift in absorption and emission. ICP measurement revealed the existence of cadmium and TEM images showed the increased size of InP/CdS QDs. PXRD data identified zinc blend structures of InP and InP/CdS QDs, which indexed to the (1 1 1), (2 2 0) and (3 1 1) planes. The slight shift of peaks between InP and InP/CdS QDs can demonstrate the existence of CdS shell structures.     

CdS quantum dots for measurement of the size-dependent optical properties of thiol capping

Abstract  

The optical- and size-dependent properties of CdS quantum dots (QDs) were analyzed in the presence and absence of different capping agents in aqueous medium. The QDs have been characterized by UV–Vis, Photoluminescence, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Fluorescence lifetime measurements. QDs with the presence of thiol group in cubic phase with small grain size were observed in XRD and decrease in particle size of the same with increase in band gap is deduced through UV–Vis and XRD studies. The FT-IR spectrum confirms the interaction of thiol group with CdS. Fluorescence lifetime of capped QDs was higher compared to uncapped CdS QDs. The surface passivation of thiol group on CdS is shown in photoluminescence studies.