乳状液膜法分离水中镉

本文报道了用乳状液膜法分离镉的研究。在此分离体系中,以煤油作为膜溶剂,span80为表面活性剂,磷酸三丁酯(TBP)为载体,液体石蜡为膜增强剂。详细讨论了制乳时间、混合时间、搅拌速度,span80、TBP以及液体石蜡的浓度,乳水比和油内比,内相氨水和外相HCl溶液的浓度对分离的影响,确立了最佳分离条件。     

镍在乳状液膜体系中的迁移行为

研究了镍在乳状液膜分离体系中的迁移行为。在此分离体系中,以煤油作为膜溶剂,span80为表面活性剂,磷酸三丁酯(TBP)为载体。详细讨论了制乳时间和混合时间、span80和TBP浓度、乳水比和油内比、内相NH。和外相HCl的浓度对镍迁移率的影响,确立了最佳分离条件。     

乳状液膜体系分离锌(Ⅱ)

研究了span80(失水山梨醇单油酸脂)-SDS(十二烷基磺酸钠)与span80-AOT(2-乙基己基琥珀酸酯磺酸钠)两种乳状液膜体系对锌(Ⅱ)分离效果的比较。分别讨论了液膜体系中表面活性剂和内相试剂浓度、乳水比和油内比对锌(Ⅱ)去除率的影响。试验了锌(Ⅱ)与共存组分的分离。     

乳状液膜对磷矿酸解液中稀土离子的提取研究

用盐酸对富含镧、铈等稀土离子的织金磷矿石进行酸解,以仲辛基苯氧基取代乙酸、环烷酸以及传统的酸性磷类萃取剂2-乙基己基膦酸单2-乙基己基酯和二-(2-乙基己基)磷酸酯为载体、山梨糖醇酐油酸酯和双烯基丁二酰亚胺作混合表面活性剂、磺化煤油作溶剂、盐酸作内相解析剂制成的乳状液膜来对磷矿酸解浸出液中镧、铈等稀土离子进行提取,考察了流动载体浓度、表面活性剂种类及浓度、内相酸浓度、水乳比、油内比对提取率的影响。结果表明:载体浓度为12%,混合表面活性剂浓度为8%,内相解析剂浓度为6 mol.L-1,乳水比为1∶10,油内比为1∶1时,稀土提取率可达76.46%。     

乳状液膜法分离水中汞的研究

报道了用乳状液膜法分离汞的研究。确定了最佳分离条件；流动载体TBP（磷酸三丁酯）和表面活性剂Span80的浓度均9％，内相溶液NaOH和外相溶液HCl的浓度分别为0.4mol/L和0.02mol/L，制乳时间和混合时间分别为10min和5min，乳水比和油内比分别为0．5和0．8。     

乳状液膜法迁移及分离钯(Ⅱ)的研究

本文采用以叔胺N_{7301为流动载体、span 80为表面活性剂、煤油为膜溶剂、EDTA作内相试剂的乳状液膜体系迁移分离钯(Ⅱ)。确证了其迁移机理。实验表明在所筛选出的适宜制乳及迁移分离等最佳条件下，96%以上的Pd(Ⅱ)迁入内相，并能有效地与Cu²⁺、 Zn²⁺、Cd²⁺、Pb²⁺、Ni²⁺、Fe²⁺等离子分离。}     

液膜法分离钒(Ⅳ)的研究

本文用P204-兰113A-煤油组成的滤膜体系处理钒(Ⅳ)的溶液,并考察了表面活性剂、载体、外相pH值、内相酸度、起始钒(Ⅳ)浓度以及乳水比等因素对分离的影响。     

铜(Ⅱ)在双表面活性剂液膜体系中的迁移行为

乳状液膜分离技术具有快速高效、选择性强、富集比大等优点[1-4],但该技术目前大多还处在实验阶段,要实现工业化则必须解决液膜稳定性、有毒试剂的使用及二次污染等问题.表面活性剂对于乳状液膜的形成和稳定至关重要[5-7],而在液膜体系中采用复合表面活性剂,能改善液膜性能,提高膜稳定性及传质效率[8].本文研究了铜(Ⅱ)在span80-SDS-NH3液膜体系中的迁移行为.体系中无流动载体,利用内、外相中被分离物的浓度梯度促进物质迁移.当Cu2+进入内相时,与NH3产生络合反应,使内相中游离的铜离子浓度趋于零而促使其由外相进入内相,实现Cu2+与外相溶液的分离.     

乳状液膜体系分离提取铜离子

以Span80-对氨基苯磺酸(APS)-NH3液膜体系分离提取Cu2+。最佳分离条件为:制乳搅拌速度3500r/min,制乳时间及乳水混合时间分别为10min和20min,乳水比和油内比分别为0.38和0.44,APS、Span80和液体石蜡浓度分别为11%、4.4%和2.2%,内相NH3和外相HCl浓度分别为4.0mol/L和0.5mol/L。用该体系分离提取了模拟样中的Cu2+。     

液膜分离富集、测定痕量钼

用乳状液膜体系对钼进行富集。该体系包括载体 ( 5,8-二乙基 - 7-羟基十二烷 - 6-单肟 ,简称LIX63)、表面活性剂 (N1 1 3C)、溶剂(煤油 )以及内相 ( 0 .1 5mol/LNaOH溶液 )。研究了乳状液膜的稳定性、温度、钼的浓度、外相的HNO3溶液浓度及乳水比等因素对分离富集钼的影响。实验表明 ,在适宜的条件下 ,钼的迁移率可达 99.5%～1 0 0 .2 %。该法已应用于富集、测定纯钨和钢铁中的痕量钼 ,结果相当满意     

铜在乳状液膜体系中的迁移行为

近年来膜分离技术在环境治理方面得到广泛应用。本文研究了铜在span80-TBP（磷酸三丁酯）-煤油-NH3液膜分离体系中的迁移行为。用TBP作为载体,在溶液中迁移时,在外相与膜相界面上形成中性络合物后穿过膜相,在膜相与内相界面上络合物再与NH3反应,生成铜氨络离子,释放出来的TBP又返回膜相。     

Extraction of Arsenic(V) from Water Using Emulsion Liquid Membrane

In this article, the extraction of arsenic(V) from water by means of emulsion liquid membrane is investigated. The influence of operating factors such as stirring speed, concentration of sulfuric acid in the external aqueous phase, concentration of sodium sulfate in internal stripping phase, and concentration of carrier in the membrane phase on the extraction efficiency are investigated and their optimum values, which provide the maximum recovery of arsenic, are determined. Taguchi experimental design is used in order to reduce the number of experiments. The optimum amounts for the extraction of arsenic from water, based on the results, are: stirring speed, 500 rpm; concentration of sulfuric acid in the feed, 1.5 g mol/lit; concentration of reagent in internal phase, 1.5 g mol/lit; and concentration of carrier in 3 ml kerosene which is added to the membrane phase, 0.1 g mol/lit.     

Mathematical modeling of silver extraction by an emulsion liquid membrane process

A general physical model of a typical batch extraction system employing an emulsion liquid membrane process for the extraction of silver has been developed. The model takes into account the extraction reaction between the silver ion and the carrier molecules at the external interface, the diffusion of the complex in the membrane phase, the stripping reaction at the internal interface and the reaction of silver ion with the reagent, HCL, in the internal phase to yield silver chloride incapable of permeating through the membrane phase. In addition, the leakage of the internal aqueous phase to the external aqueous phase due to membrane breakage has been incorporated in this model. The batch extraction of silver using D2EHPA as a carrier has been carried out under various experimental conditions. The experimental data can be well explained by the present model.     

Facilitated transport through liquid surfactant membrane: Analysis of breakage model

A mathematical model for analyzing the experimental data of extraction of weak acid from aqueous solution by liquid surfactant membrane (LSM) using a strong base as internal reagent present in excess in a batch system has been presented. The leakage of internal phase due to membrane breakage is also discussed in the mathematical treatment. The model while considering a reaction front to exist within the emulsion globule assumes reaction equilibrium between the solute and internal reagent in the external continuous phase. The proposed model predicts successfully the experimental results of extraction of a weak acid by a strong base in a batch separation system as presented in the literature. The model is also capable of predicting excellently the experimental pH versus time data in case of the above system.     

液膜预富集水相痕量镍的分析研究

研究了液膜体系对水相中痕量镍离子的富集方法,镍离子从外相水溶液被膜相载体通过液膜运进含有反萃取剂的内相,从而达到富集效果,液膜富集一次回收率达98％,二闪富集倍数250倍,试验了载体,表面活性剂,液体石蜡,膜与内相水的水／油比,乳化液与外相水的乳／水比,内相酸度,外相PH值,富集时间的破乳剂用量等因素的影响,利用正交分析试验选出了最佳试验条件,并比较在相同条件下液膜法与萃取法提取镍的效果,通过液膜富集,使原子吸收法测定痕量镍达到了10^-9级。     

Studies on emulsion liquid membrane extraction of cephalexin

An experimental study on batch extraction of cephalexin using an emulsion liquid membrane system has been reported. The effects of surfactant, carrier and solute concentrations, phase volume ratio, stirring speed, and counterion concentration on the extraction rate were examined. Surfactant, carrier and diluent used were Span-80, Aliquat-336 and n-heptane–kerosene (1:1), respectively. Under the optimised experimental conditions, emulsion swelling was found to be marginal. By maintaining an appropriate pH gradient in the feed and receiving aqueous phase, facilitated transport could be realised. Selective separation of cephalexin from a mixture of 7-aminodeacetoxy cephalosporanic acid (7-ADCA) could be demonstrated in the emulsion liquid membrane system. A mathematical model based on mass transfer across aqueous boundary layer, interfacial chemical reaction and diffusion in the emulsion globule provides a reasonable fit of the experimental solute concentration versus time profiles in the emulsion liquid membrane system.     

Preparation of Y2O3 nanoparticulate thin films using an emulsion liquid membrane system

Y2O3 nanoparticulate thin films have been prepared using an emulsion liquid membrane (water-in-oil-in-water (W/O/W) emulsion) system, consisting of Span 83 (sorbitan sesquioleate) as a surfactant and VA-10 (2-methyl-2-ethylheptanoic acid) as an extractant (cation carrier). Yttrium ions were extracted from the external water phase and stripped into the internal water phase to make precursor oxalate nanoparticles. Y2O3 nanoparticulate thin film was prepared by casting the W/O emulsion, separated from the external phase and containing the Y oxalate nanoparticles, on a Si substrate, followed by calcination in air. Well-arranged thin-layer nanoparticulate film, consisting of Y2O3 nanoparticles smaller than 20 nm, was obtained via spin coating of the W/O emulsion. A multilayer nanoparticulate thin film was also fabricated via a simple procedure of repeated coating and subsequent calcination.     

Concentration of amino acids by a liquid emulsion membrane with a cationic extractant

The concentration of -phenylalanine in a liquid emulsion membrane system was studied using a cation complexing agent, di-2-ethylhexyl phosphoric acid (D2EHPA), as a carrier. The membrane formulation, the pH in the internal phase of the acid concentration in the external phase were optimized with respect to concentration performance and membrane stability. It was found that a liquid emulsion membrane obtained by demulsification of the emulsion by an electrostatic coalescer could be reused. Based on the laboratory tests, a continuous multistage process for the concentration of amino acids was proposed (with the development of a commercial process in mind) and its technical feasibility was discussed.