对传统分光计的改进

针对利用传统分光计对角度或角位移进行测量时,在某些情况下需要对原始数据进行修正的弊端,国家发明专利GVZ-4ZL201710343376.6设计了一套装置,利用其对传统分光计进行改进,可将传统分光计周期性的刻度转化为线性刻度。相比传统分光计,改进后的分光计有效避免了传统型分光计测量中对原始数据进行修正的问题;相比数字化分光计,改进后的分光计不仅具有较高的测量精度,还能更好的培养学生的动手能力和实验素养。     

一种快速调节分光计的方法

在分析分光计结构、合理假设基础上,提出了一种快速调节分光计的方法,该方法不但缩短了学生在课堂上调节分光计的时间,而且使学生加深了对分光计结构的理解。     

分光计的分步调节

通过对分光计结构和调节的分析,将分光计各部分的调节分开,实现了分光计的分步调节,简化了调节过程。     

基于模块方案分光计调整教学实践

在综合考虑分光计教学过程基础上,将分光计教学分成实验准备模块、调节方法模块和问题解决模块。模块化教学方式不但缩短了学生在课堂上调节分光计的时间,而且使学生加深了对分光计结构的理解。     

基于模块方案分光计调整教学实践简

在综合考虑分光计教学过程基础上，将分光计教学分成实验准备模块、调节方法模块和问题解决模块。模块化教学方式不但缩短了学生在课堂上调节分光计的时间，而且使学生加深了对分光计结构的理解。     

分光计的激光辅助调节装置

针对分光计所采用的阿贝目镜式望远镜给分光计的调节带来的困难,设计了用半导体激光器制作的辅助调节装置来代替望远镜中的阿贝式目镜进行调节,可直观、迅速地调节分光计.     

分光计快速调节辅助装置的设计与制作

针对传统JJY型分光计调节中的困难,在确保分光计原有结构和功能不变的前提下,设计、制作出可实现分光计简易调节的辅助装置,极大地提高了教学效率。     

分光计调节难点探讨

分光计是大学物理实验中常用的一种仪器。由于其调节内容较多,如何快速地调出分光计中的两面的反射十字像是分光计实验中的难点。本就调节中的这一难点进行了分析,并提出几种适当的调节办法。     

分光计的质量检测和维护

分光计的质量检测和维护吕建伟（徐州师范学院物理系）蔡东红（喀什师范学院物理系）杨之昌（复旦大学物理系）分光计是高等院校普通物理实验中常用的光学仪器，不少实验都要用到分光计．目前，高校中实验经费一般较少，维修力量又较薄弱．使用一段时间后，分光计的性能可...     

漫淡教学用分光计

叙述了分光计在实验教学中的应用及其产品的发展历史,并对分光计的改进提出了建设性意见.     

Matched wavelength and incident angle for the diagnostic beam to achieve coherent grating tiling

Design and operation of a practical, accurate alignment diagnostic system is important for the grating tiling technology, which is supposed to be applied in a chirped-pulse amplification system to increase the output power. A diagnostic method is proposed and demonstrated for grating tiling. Provided that the wavelength and incident angle of the diagnostic beam are properly set, the far-field of the main laser beam and that of the diagnostic beam can vary in the same way with the tiling errors between the sub-aperture gratings. Therefore, rotational and translational errors can be controlled and compensated according to the far-field of the diagnostic beam. The real-time monitoring and alignment can be achieved without disturbing the main beam.     

Time domain finite volume method for the transient response and natural characteristics of structural-acoustic coupling in an enclosed cavity

A time domain finite volume method（TDFVM）based on wave theory is developed to analyze the transient response and natural characteristics of structural-acoustic coupling problems in an enclosed cavity.In the present method,the elastic dynamic equations and acoustic equation in heterogeneous medium are solved in solid domains and fluid domains respectively.The structural-acoustic coupling is implemented according to the continuity condition of the particle velocity along the normal direction and the normal traction equilibrium condition on the interface.Several numerical examples are presented to validate the effectiveness and accuracy of the present TDFVM.Then the effects of water depth on the acoustic and vibration characteristics and the natural characteristics of a structural-acoustic coupling system are analyzed.The numerical results show that the increase of water depth leads to a stronger coupling between the water and structure and the decrease of natural frequencies of coupling system,The computational cost and memory of this method are small and it can be applicable to structural-acoustic coupling problems in the heterogeneous fluid.     

Power ultrasound in the meat industry (freezing,cooking and fermentation): Mechanisms,advances and challenges

High intensity ultrasound (HIUS) has a wide range of applications in different sectors of food processing. It is a promising and emerging technology demonstrating the potential to promote food processes without or at least damage to the quality of products. Among the processes of the meat industry, freezing, thawing, cooking and fermentation are very sensitive and important, because they have significant effects on product quality and are also very energy and time consuming. This review paper provides an interpretation of high intensity ultrasound (HIUS) applications, a summary of recent outstanding published research and an overview of the freezing/thawing, cooking/frying and fermentation processes in meat and its products assisted by HIUS. The effects, benefits and drawbacks as well as the challenges ahead in the commercialization of this technology in the meat industry are studied. The research results confirmed that the use of HIUS in the meat freezing/thawing, cooking/frying and fermentation in combination with the corresponding processing methods demonstrates a great potential to promote the process, improve the general quality of the final product and reduce the time and energy required. However, many issues remain that require further research to address these challenges. These challenges and subsequent research that is useful for developing and increasing the efficiency of this technology have been reviewed. After the literature review, it is concluded that HIUS may be a useful technology for meat processing because of its significant effects on the quality factors and related process variables that leads to the preservation of the initial nutritional and sensory properties of meat and its products. Of course, research must be continued to eliminate the disadvantages or minimize the undesirable effects of this technology on the final product and to remove barriers to commercialization and optimization of this method.     

Temperature Sensitivity Control and Mechanical Stress Effect of Boron-Doped Long-Period Fiber Gratings

We will present in this work the quantitative analysis of the relationship between the doping concentrations of GeO 2 and B 2 O 3 in the core and cladding regions and the temperature sensitivity of the resonance wavelength shift in long-period fiber gratings (LPFGs). Based on this analysis, the temperature sensitivity was suppressed and enhanced to 0.002 nm/°C and 0.28 nm/°C, respectively. We will also discuss the effect of the residual mechanical stress on the optical and mechanical properties of LPFGs. In particular, we will present the measurement results of the dependence of the refractive index change and mechanical strength on the residual mechanical stress in the boron-doped fibers with depressed clad and matched clad.     

Ruby Crystal for Demonstrating Time- and Frequency-Domain Methods of Fluorescence Lifetime Measurements

We present experiments that are convenient and educational for measuring fluorescence lifetimes with both time- and frequency-domain methods. The sample is ruby crystal, which has a lifetime of about 3.5 milliseconds, and is easy to use as a class-room demonstration. The experiments and methods of data analysis are used in the lab section of a class on optical spectroscopy, where we go through the theory and applications of fluorescence. Because the fluorescence decay time of ruby is in the millisecond region, the instrumentation for this experiment can be constructed easily and inexpensively compared to the nanosecond-resolved instrumentation required for most fluorescent compounds, which have nanosecond fluorescence lifetimes. The methods are applicable to other luminescent compounds with decay constants from microseconds and longer, such as transition metal and lanthanide complexes and phosphorescent samples. The experiments, which clearly demonstrate the theory and methods of measuring temporally resolved fluorescence, are instructive and demonstrate what the students have learned in the lectures without the distraction of highly sophisticated instrumentation.     

Discord and entanglement in non-Markovian environments at finite temperatures

The dynamic evolutions of the discord and entanglement of two atoms immersed in two independent Lorentzian reservoirs at zero and finite temperatures have been investigated by using the time-convolutionless master-equation method.Our results show that,nonzero temperature can induce the entanglement sudden death and accelerate the decays of discord and entanglement.The discord and the entanglement have different robustness for different initial states and their robustness may change under certain conditions.When both the non-Markovian effect and detuning are present simultaneously,due to the memory and feedback effect of non-Markovian reservoirs,the discord and entanglement can be effectively protected even at nonzero temperature by increasing the non-Markovian effect and the detuning.     

Experimental study on SC RF cavities by using China large grain niobium for ILC

Large grain niobium has the potential of simplifying the production sequence and consequently reducing the cost of the superconducting RF cavities for ILC.To investigate the feasibility of fabrication and the possibility to achieve high gradient by large grain cavities,two 1.3 GHz cavities were made of China large grain niobium and a series of vertical tests were carried out following several different surfaces treatment procedures.Two cavities have both reached the high gradient of more than 43 MV/m repeatedly and the maximum accelerating field of 47.9 MV/m has been achieved by China large grain niobium.This paper introduces the features of the fabrication and surface treatments on the large grain cavities and presents the preliminary results of the research.     

HL-2M偏滤器的综合模拟技术初步研究

利用SOLPS和DINA程序,对偏滤器的数值模拟进行综合研究。结合HL-2M装置,针对偏滤器的结构优化、脱靶物理过程、偏滤器送气与抽气、垂直位移事件(VDE)等问题进行了模拟研究。分析了偏滤器靶板位形以及脱靶对偏滤器靶板热载荷的影响,研究了偏滤器的送气位置、送气速率、抽气速率等因素对于偏滤器性能的影响;同时,利用DINA程序对HL-2M装置的VDE过程进行了预测分析,并给出了HL-2M装置发生VDE过程的等离子体电流剖面变化,从而为HL-2M装置的偏滤器结构设计和分析提供输入数据。     

Stabilization of biosolids with nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI)

Biosolids are the treated organic residuals, also known as sludge, that are generated from domestic wastewater treatment plants. According to the USEPA, over 7 millions tons (dry weight) of biosolids are generated every year in the US by more than the 16,000 wastewater treatment plants and a large portion of these biosolids is disposed on land. Nuisance odors, the potential of pathogen transmission, and presence of toxic and persistent organic chemicals and metals in biosolids have for the most part limited the use of land applications. This paper presents zero-valent iron nanoparticles (1–100 nm) for the treatment and stabilization of biosolids. Iron nanoparticles have been shown to form stable and nonvolatile surface complexes with malodorous sulfur compounds such as hydrogen sulfide and methyl sulfides, degrade persistent organic pollutants such as PCBs and chlorinated pesticides, and sequestrate toxic metal ions such as mercury and lead. The end products from the nanoparticle reactions are iron oxides and oxyhydroxides, similar to the ubiquitous iron minerals in the environment. Due to the large surface area and high surface reactivity, only a relatively low dose (<0.1% wt) of iron nanoparticles is needed for effective biosolids stabilization. The iron nanoparticle technology may thus offer an economically and environmentally sustainable and unique solution to one of the most vexing environmental problems.