半整数四极体系中心跃迁的多次激发NMR谱(英文)

本文对半整数四极体系中心跃迁的多次激发NMR进行了研究,结果表明该方法能够较大地提高接收信号的强度.另外对多次激发脉冲序列的激发带宽问题作了讨论,在实验上用40％NaCl 60％NaNO_2粉末混合物对以上结论作了验证.     

阴极射线发光测量技术

本文比较了阴极射线发光的三种激发方式,即连续、脉冲和光栅扫描激发。讨论了在每种激发方式中,为了正确地分析得到的数据所需要的适当的激发密度。研究了缩小的光栅的影响并提出了一个新概念——多次激发(Multiexcitation)。业已表明:在可拆卸系统的小荧光屏上和满尺寸电视显象管(屏)上所作的亮度测量,两者之间缺乏相关性是由于多次激发的缘故。而且,多次激发可以掩盖某些亚线性磷光体,例如硫化物,在高激发密度下的饱和特性,使他们趋于线性。为了避免多次激发,建议利用脉冲或单线扫描光栅对磷光体作评价性测量。     

快中子在Li核上的弹性散射微分截面

用伴随粒子飞行时间法测量了14.7MeV中子在⁶Li和⁷Li核上的弹性散射截面,并用蒙特卡罗方法对中子在样品中的通量衰减、多次散射作了修正.本文工作与他人工作以及理论数据作了比较.给出了截面的勒让德系数;截面实验点总误差在10%到15%之间,其中统计误差为1%-5%.     

Nd:YAG激光在单晶硅中的四波混频相位共轭

以单晶硅作非线性介质,用调Q脉冲Nd:YAG激光作四渡混频,获得了相位共轭反射光波.从光激发电子-空穴对浓度及其所产生的相位光栅出发,理论计算了相位共轭镜的反射率.实验获得的共轭镜反射率为125%,并与实验中显示了其对相位干扰的补偿特性.     

飞秒激光场中OCS分子的里德堡态激发

本文研究了800nm飞秒强激光场下OCS分子的里德堡态激发过程. 实验不仅观测到强激光场中的中性母体分子的里德堡态激发,而且观测到大量的中性里德堡态碎片. 我们测量了里德堡态激发产率随激光强度及椭偏率的变化,并与强场电离解离进行了比较. 分析表明,飞秒激光场下中性里德堡态碎片的产生与强场多次电离密切相关. 此外,我们还讨论了中性里德堡态碎片对激光椭偏率依赖的内在原因.     

分子高激发振动态的理论研究

简要综述了分子高激发振动态的理论研究方法和研究进展.介绍了李代数方法在高激发振动态能级的归属和分类、分子高激发振动态动力学以及分子内振动能量弛豫和分子解离等方面的应用.随后,作者对分子高激发振动态研究领域今后的发展方向作了展望.     

可激发介质中环形异质介质导致自维持靶波

在二维可激发介质中引入环形异质可激发介质,研究了可激发介质中自维持靶波的形成,数值模拟结果表明:当介质的激发性和环的尺寸适当选取时,初始的扰动可在可激发介质中产生自维持靶波,对产生自维持靶波的物理机理作了讨论.     

不同激发能的208Pb核的非平衡态的概率分布与熵

本文对²⁰⁸Pb核不同激发能情况下的概率分布与熵进行了计算,并对不同能量的概率分布和熵随时间变化作了比较.由此得到激发能高低与激发态寿命的相关关系等有意义的结果.从而表明,我们以前对非平衡态核所导出的计算方法是合理的.     

14.7MeV中子在C和Be核上小角弹性散射测量

利用快中子位置灵敏谱仪和伴随粒子飞行时间方法、测量了14.7MeV中子在C和Be核上的弹性散射微分截面.用蒙特卡罗方法对中子在样品中的通量衰减、多次散射作了修正.实验数据与他人结果作了比较和讨论.     

碳涂层对激光诱导金属等离子体辐射强度的影响

为了降低样品表面对激光束的反射率,提高激光诱导等离子体的辐射强度,文章报道了一种在钢样品表面涂抹碳层的方法.实验结果表明,当一束高能量激光(～25 D作用于覆盖有适当厚度碳涂层的钢样品时,激光等离子体发射的谱线强度提高了10%～28%.为解释谱线强度增强的机理,测量了等离子体的激发温度.此外,实验研究还发现,更强的原子发射光谱出现在激光等离子体径向的1 mm处,而不是在其中心位置.     

OPTIMAL DAMPING OF STAYS IN CABLE-STAYED BRIDGES FOR IN-PLANE VIBRATIONS

Significant vibrations have been reported in stays of recently constructed cable stayed bridges. The vibrations appear as in-plane vibrations that may be caused by rain-wind- induced aeroelastic interaction or by resonance excitation of the cables from the motion of the pylons. The stays of modern cable-stayed bridges are often designed as twin cables with a spacing of, say 1m. In such cases, it is suggested in the paper to suppress the mentioned in-plane types of vibrations by means of a tuned mass-damper (TMD) placed between the twin cables at their midpoints. The TMD divides the stay into four half-cables, and resonance may occur in each of the half-cables as well as in the entire stay. The optimal tuning of the TMD is investigated based on a mathematical model, where the motion of the support points on the pylons is considered to be the main cause of excitation. The indicated motion is modelled as a band-limited Gaussian white noise process. Three load scenarios are considered: narrow-banded excitations, with the central frequency of the autospectrum close to the lowest eigenfrequency of each of the two cables constituting the stay, and a broadbanded excitation which encompasses both of the mentioned frequencies. The spring and the damper constants of the TMD are optimized so that the variances of the displacement of the adjacent four half-cables, the support point of the TMD and the secondary mass are minimized. At optimal design, it is shown that the variances reduce below 14% of those of the unprotected stay.     

一维导电聚合物中激发态的链间弛豫

本文系统地研究了顺式高强聚乙炔的Raman和发光光谱,根据其Raman和发光光谱随激发能量的变化规律,以及分子链之间距离的改变对这种变化规律的影响,证明了聚乙炔中存在着激发态的链间弛豫,井且,这种弛豫过程随着分子链之间距离的减小而被加快.     

粉末样品中氘核NMR的回波序列

本文提出一个回波序列,它由四个90和一个45脉冲构成,具有较宽的激发带宽和较短的激发时间,可用于氘核NMR固体线型的测量之中,数值计算结果表明该回波序列的激发带宽几乎比传统的四极回波宽一倍。²D-PMMA粉末样品的实验结果证实了本文设计的回波序列的优越性。     

2-芳基苯并噻唑荧光性能的研究

本文合成了四种2-芳基苯并噻唑类化合物,研究了它们多品粉末的发光,对其发光机理进行了探讨,分析了取代基和共轭程度对激发光谱、发射光谱及Stokes位移的影响。     

高密度激发下ZnTe晶体中与自由激子有关的发射

在77—300K温度范围内,用N2分子激光器的3371Å谱线激发未故意掺杂的p型ZnTe晶体,得到了与自由激子有关的发射。发现随着激发密度的增加,其发光光谱的峰值位置红移而谱带的半宽度展宽,这些结果可以用Ex—e和Ex—Ex的相互作用来解释。     

高密度激发下CdS中束缚激子与激子的散射发光

本文在液氦温度下在CdS中观测到一个新的发光峰,并提出束缚激子与激子非弹性散射发光模型对该峰的产生和特性进行了解释。     

半导体量子阱中自由激子稳态荧光特征

在不同晶格温度和不同激发光强度下，测量了四元系GaInAsSb/GaAlAsSb单量子阱中自由激子的荧光光谱，导出了稳态光谱测量条件下自由激子荧光强度与激发光强度和晶格温度的一般性公式.计算结果表明，激子相对占有数引起的温度和密度效应会影响激子发光的强度关系.根据本文的简单模型，线性比例系数I/I₀实际上综合地反映了量子阱中自由激子的荧光效率，而从激子荧光强度的Arrhenius图的最佳拟合中不仅可以得到激子的束缚能和激活能，而且还能估计出量子阱材料的本底浓度和散射时间常数. 关键词：     

ELECTROHYDRODYNAMIC ENHANCEMENT OF HEAT TRANSFER IN A SHELL-AND TUBE HEAT EXCHANGER

Enhancement of heat transfer in a heat exchanger via a DC corona discharge was studied experimentally using a single-tube shell-and-tube heat exchanger. Air was the working fluid in both the tube and shell sides. Excitation of the tube side was via a single wire electrode, while that of the shell side was via four rod electrodes oriented symmetrically at 90^° intervals. Three series of experiments were performed: (1) excitation of the tube side only, (2) excitation of the shell side only, and (3) simultaneous excitation of the tube and shell sides. Both heat transfer and pressure drop measurements were performed, with Reynolds number and electric field potential as parametric quantities in the tube and shell sides. It was found that highest enhancements take place when the tube and shell sides are excited simultaneously, yielding a 322% increase in the overall heat transfer coefficient. Study of the heat transfer enhancements per unit pumping power indicates that for the range of parameters studied, the technique is most efficient at moderate Reynolds numbers and at electrode potentials in the midrange between threshold and sparkover limits.     

激发态铯原子间的碰撞能量转移

用激光抽运基态Cs₂分子,通过预离解或碰撞转移,由一部分的激发态Cs₂产生Cs原子6P,5D激发态。测量了Cs(5D)+Cs(6P)→Cs(7D_J)+Cs(6S)碰撞激发能量转移截面σ_(7DJ),以及Cs(7D_J)+Cs(6S)→除Cs(7D)外的态的截面σ_tr。结果是,对于J=5/2,3/2,σ_(7DJ)(以 关键词：