On self-similar Ovsyannikov’s vortex

We study a multidimensional self-similar solution of the dynamic equations of an ideal compressible fluid. The solution describes swirling motions of a gas and is partially invariant with respect to the rotation group extended by dilations. The analysis of the solution reduces to the analysis of the singular points and manifolds of a system of fourth-order ordinary differential equations. We also give an example of a solution that describes the expansion of a swirling gas cloud into vacuum.     

Coulomb Gas Representation for Rational Solutions of the Painlevé Equations

We consider rational solutions for a number of dynamic systems of the type of the nonlinear Schrödinger equation, in particular, the Levi system. We derive the equations for the dynamics of poles and Bäcklund transformations for these solutions. We show that these solutions can be reduced to rational solutions of the Painlevé IV equation, with the equations for the pole dynamics becoming the stationary equations for the two-dimensional Coulomb gas in a parabolic potential. The corresponding Coulomb systems are derived for the Painlevé II–VI equations. Using the Hamiltonian formalism, we construct the spin representation of the Painlevé equations.     

On Cauchy problems of thermal non-equilibrium flows with small data

We study the equations describing the motion of a thermal non-equilibrium gas with one non-equilibriummode. In three space dimensions it is a hyperbolic system of six equations with a relaxation term. The dissipation mechanism induced by the relaxation is weak in the sense that Shizuta-Kawashima criterion is violated. However, there is a significant difference between one dimensional and three dimensional flows in how the criterion is violated. As a consequence, the velocity components in their solutionsbehave differentlywhile thermal dynamic variables share common properties.     

一个求解多维守恒律方程组的二阶显式有限元格式

１．引言 近年来,在非结构网格上求解双曲型守恒律的数值方法引起了较为广泛的关注,出现了有限体积方法［１］,间断 Ｇａｌｅｒｋｉｎ方法 ［２］,流线扩散方法［３］,以及 ＮＮＤ格式 ［４］等．我们在［６,７］中提出了一种求解双曲型守恒律方程式的有限元方法,它是在一个求解对流扩散问题的有限元方法 ［５］的基础上发展起来的．它是一个显式有限元方法,因此计算量很小．在这个方法中,我们将任意维的问题归结为在单元棱边上的一维计算,引入了积分因子,因此在单元内部可以容纳边界层．这样,它特别适合于对流占优问题以及双曲…     

A simulated annealing algorithm for transient optimization in gas networks

In this paper we present a simulated annealing approach for the gas network optimization problem. A gas network consists of a set of pipes to transport the gas from the sources to the sinks whereby gas pressure gets lost due to friction. Further on there are compressors, which increase gas pressure, and valves. The aim is to minimize fuel gas consumption of the compressors whereas demands of consumers have to be satisfied. The problem of transient (time-dependent) optimization of gas networks results in a highly complex mixed integer nonlinear program. We relax the equations describing the gas dynamic in pipes by adding these constraints combined with appropriate penalty factors to the objective function. A suitable neighborhood structure is developed for the relaxed problem where time steps as well as pressure and flow of the gas are decoupled. Our approach convinces with flexibility and very good computational results.     

On a structural acoustic model with interface a Reissner-Mindlin plate or a Timoshenko beam

This paper is concerned with a model which describes the interaction of sound and elastic waves in a structural acoustic chamber in which one “wall” is flexible and flat. The model is new in the sense that the composite dynamics of the three-dimensional structure is described by the linearized equations for a gas defined on the interior of the chamber and the Reissner-Mindlin plate equations on the two-dimensional flat wall of the chamber, while, if a two-dimensional acoustic chamber is considered, the Timoshenko beam equations describe the deflections of the one-dimensional “wall.” With a view to achieving uniform stabilization of the structure linear feedback boundary damping is incorporated in the model, viz. in the wave equation for the gas and in the system of equations for the vibrations of the elastic medium. We present the uniform stability result for the case of a two-dimensional chamber and outline the method for the three-dimensional model which shows strong resemblance with the system of dynamic plane elasticity.     

一类满足熵增条件的流体力学方程守恒型格式

Lax,Wandtoff曾经证明:对于与守恒律方程组相容的守恒型差分格式,如果其差分解几乎处处有界收敛,那么极限函数是原方程组的一个弱解,并且提出了二阶精度的L-W格式.但是,一些数值计算表明,用二阶守恒型格式(如L-W格式及Mac Corma-ck格式),可能得到非物理解的计算结果.通常称满足熵条件的弱解为物理解.对     

Approximate analytical solutions of fractional gas dynamic equations

In this article, differential transform method (DTM) has been successfully applied to obtain the approximate analytical solutions of the nonlinear homogeneous and non-homogeneous gas dynamic equations, shock wave equation and shallow water equations with fractional order time derivatives. The true beauty of the article is manifested in its emphatic application of Caputo fractional order time derivative on the classical equations with the achievement of the highly accurate solutions by the known series solutions and even for more complicated nonlinear fractional partial differential equations (PDEs). The method is really capable of reducing the size of the computational work besides being effective and convenient for solving fractional nonlinear equations. Numerical results for different particular cases of the equations are depicted through graphs.     

Submodels of gas motion with a linear velocity field in the degenerate case

We look for solutions in the form of a linear velocity field for the gas dynamics equations with an arbitrary state equation. We find all possible state equations and the corresponding differential equations of submodels when the auxiliary matrix is degenerate.     

Integration of the equations of gas dynamics for 2.5-dimensional solutions

We integrate the equations of gas dynamics in finite form for the solutions in which the thermodynamic parameters depend only on one spatial variable. The corresponding motion of gas represents the nonlinear superposition of the one-dimensional gas motion corresponding to the invariant system and the two-dimensional motion determined by noninvariant functions. These motions are called 2.5-dimensional. We reduce the invariant system to a first-order implicit ordinary differential equation. We study various solutions of the latter. We construct some continuous and discontinuous solutions to the equations of gas dynamics and give their physical interpretation.     

Asymptotic Behavior of Solutions of Dynamic Equations

We consider linear dynamic systems on time scales, which contain as special cases linear differential systems, difference systems, or other dynamic systems. We give an asymptotic representation for a fundamental solution matrix that reduces the study of systems in the sense of asymptotic behavior to the study of scalar dynamic equations. In order to understand the asymptotic behavior of solutions of scalar linear dynamic equations on time scales, we also investigate the behavior of solutions of the simplest types of such scalar equations, which are natural generalizations of the usual exponential function.     

Acoustic scattering in a rarefied gas: Solving the R13 equations in spherical polar coordinates

In some circumstances, sound waves in a rarefied gas can be studied using a linearised form of the regularised 13-moment equations of Struchtrup and Torrilhon. We build solutions of those equations in spherical polar coordinates using vector spherical harmonics. We first solve a reduced system of equations (with 11 unknowns) after introduction of a force vector (divergence of the stress). We then show that the stresses themselves can be recovered by solving five additional equations. The results obtained are expected to be useful for problems such as acoustic scattering of a plane wave by a sphere in a rarefied gas.     

Comparison Theorems for Oscillation of Second-Order Neutral Dynamic Equations

We study oscillation of certain second-order neutral dynamic equations under the assumptions that allow applications to dynamic equations with both delayed and advanced arguments. Some new comparison criteria are presented that can be used in cases where known theorems fail to apply.     

Relationships between discontinuities of derivatives on characteristics and trajectories

We investigate the discontinuities of normal derivatives on characteristics and on trajectories, which arise in nonisentropic gas flow computations. Such computations require knowledge of the relationships between the derivative discontinuities. A specific feature of the numerical solution of the Euler equations is noticed while investigating the effects associated with the appearance of vorticity. In real cases (unsteady flow, flow past a body, nonhomogeneous medium) the derivative of entropy has a discontinuity along the normal to the trajectory, and this effect should be taken into consideration in numerical work. The discontinuity of the entropy derivative may be obtained from relationships linking the discontinuities of the derivatives of fluid-dynamic functions. These relationships are derived from the dynamic consistency conditions of the Euler equations. In this article we derive relationships linking the discontinuities of the normal derivatives on characteristics and trajectories for functions describing particle velocities, the velocity of sound, and entropy.     

Existence of solutions to second-order BVPs on time scales

We consider a boundary value problem (BVP) for systems of second-order dynamic equations on time scales. Using methods involving dynamic inequalities, we formulate conditions under which all solutions to a certain family of systems of dynamic equations satisfy certain a priori bounds. These results are then applied to guarantee the existence of solutions to BVPs for systems of dynamic equations on time scales.     

Propagation and conditional propagation of chaos for pressureless gas equations

We study the existence and uniqueness of a weak solution of a viscous d-dimensional system of pressureless gas equations. We construct a nonlinear diffusion by using the propagation and conditional propagation of chaos. The latter diffusion is associated with the above pressureless gas equations.Mathematics Subject Classification (2000):60H15, 35R60, 60H30     

First and second order linear dynamic equations on time scales

We consider first and second order linear dynamic equations on a time scale. Such equations contain as special cases differential equations, difference equationsq— difference equations, and others. Important properties of the exponential function for a time scale are presented, and we use them to derive solutions of first and second order linear dyamic equations with constant coefficients. Wronskians are used to study equations with non—constant coefficients. We consider the reduction of order method as well as the method of variation of constants for the nonhomogeneous case. Finally, we use the exponential function to present solutions of the Euler—Cauchy dynamic equation on a time scale.