Pulse-induced Raman scattering

The kinetic equations are used to show that induced Raman scattering can reduce the pulse height and length, and also can split a single pulse into several short pulses of decreasing energy. General formulas are derived for the pulse characteristics.     

水中受激布里渊散射脉冲的反常压缩

受激布里渊散射(SBS)具有脉冲压缩的特性,受激布里渊散射的脉冲宽度随着抽运能量的增大而变小,在水中可以达到几百皮秒的量级.本文在实验上观察到一种受激布里渊散射的脉冲宽度随抽运能量增大而变大的现象,这里称之为反常压缩.SBS的脉冲反常压缩和脉冲压缩与抽运光的强弱会聚情况有关.利用数值模拟,模拟了强弱会聚情况下抽运光在水中的传输规律,强弱会聚情况的抽运光对受激布里渊散射形成的有效增益长度不同:抽运光强会聚时有效增益长度短,形成SBS脉冲宽度的反常压缩;弱会聚时有效增益长度长,也就是正常的SBS脉冲压缩.     

Stabilization of stokes pulse energies in the nonlinear regime of stimulated Raman scattering

An experimental study of quantum mechanical pulse energy fluctuations in stimulated Raman scattering from hydrogen is presented. The probability density function P(W) for Stokes pulse energy W is measured for highly transient scattering in both the linear and nonlinear gain regimes. While large pulse energy fluctuations (100%) occur in the linear gain regime, the fluctuations are reduced to about 20% in the nonlinear regime where the laser pulse is depleted significantly. The results are in excellent agreement with the theoretical predictions of Lewenstein.     

Attosecond X-ray pulse obtained from linear Thomson scattering

Linear Thomson scattering by a relativistic electron of a short pulse laser has been investigated by computer simulation. Under a laser field with a pulse of 33.3-fs full-width at half-maximum, and the initial energy of an electron of γ₀=10, the motion of the electron is relativistic and generates an ultrashort radiation of 76-as with a photon wave length of 2.5-nm in the backward scattering. The radiation under a high relativistic energy electron has better characteristic than under a low relativistic energy electron in terms of the pulse width and the angular distribution.     

Double line stimulated Raman scattering in benzene

Simultaneous stimulated Raman scattering at the 992 cm^–1 and the 3063 cm^–1 line of benzene is observed by mode-locked ruby laser pulse excitation. The double line stimulated Raman scattering is initiated by self-focusing. The influence of small-scale self-focusing, self-phase modulation, and cross-phase modulation on the double line stimulated Raman scattering is discussed. At low pump pulse intensities, before the onset of small-scale self-focusing, the steady-state Raman gain factors of both Raman lines are determined by Raman energy conversion efficiency measurements.     

Temperature response in participating media with anisotropic scattering caused by pulsed lasers

It is not by isotropic scattering but by anisotropic scattering that radiant energy is redistributed in some materials containing real particles, fibers, or impurities. In some instances, great difference can be caused in transient thermal behavior between isotropic scattering and anisotropic scattering media. Ray tracing method combined with Hottel's zonal method is introduced to deduce thermal radiative source term for various optical boundary conditions induced by collimated incidence passing through translucent boundary. Temperature response caused by laser pulse at non-incident side of participating and anisotropic scattering media is examined. We investigate effects of scattering albedo, scattering phase function, initial temperature of media and thickness of media on temperature response. Results obtained for anisotropic scattering media are compared with those for isotropic scattering one and show that anisotropic scattering must be considered in the simulating measurement of thermophysical properties by the laser flash method for some materials with big scattering albedo which behave anisotropically, or big error will be introduced; forward scattering can increase excess temperature and backward scattering can decrease it at non-incident side of the considered sample irradiated by laser pulse.     

受激布里渊散射光脉冲波形的研究

从实验和理论上研究了受激布里渊散射(SBS)光脉冲波形.在Nd∶YAG调Q激光器中实验研究了SBS光脉冲波形随抽运光参数、结构参数和介质参数的变化规律，并利用SBS理论模型进行了数值模拟，实验与数值模拟结果的变化趋势基本一致.结果表明，抽运光能量越小，透镜焦距越短，镜-池间距越长，介质声子寿命越长，SBS光脉冲波形就越不容易出现调制现象.分析和讨论了抽运光参数、结构参数和介质参数对SBS光脉冲波形的影响机理. 关键词： 受激布里渊散射 脉冲波形 抽运光参数 结构参数     

受激布里渊散射光束发散性的研究

利用耦合波方程分析了相位共轭效应和受激散射阈值效应对受激散射光发散角的影响.在甲醇、乙醇和丙酮的受激布里渊散射实验中,分别获得受激布里渊散射光发散角减小3.2、3.0和2.4倍,脉宽压缩4.3、4.3和2.6倍,并获得散射光束发散角随泵浦能量的变化关系.     

全光汤姆逊散射X光源数值模拟

 使用蒙特卡罗数值模拟程序研究了不同电子束和激光强度下,尾场电子束与超短脉冲激光发生汤姆逊散射获得的X光子能谱、角分布等,初步探索了180°散射下高质量X射线光源所需要的电子束与激光强度。数值模拟结果显示,为了尽量提高光子产额并抑制非线性效应,激光归一化强度应为1的量级。为了获得方向性和单色性好、亮度高的X射线脉冲,需要较高的电子能量和较小的电子能散,电子束脉冲尽量短,且发散角尽量小。     

Dependence of parabolic pulse amplification on stimulated Raman scattering and gain bandwidth

An analytical model has been developed and verified by numerical simulations to determine limits induced by stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) on parabolic pulse evolution in high-power, high-energy Yb-fiber amplifiers. Our results show that the maximum achievable parabolic pulse energies are limited by SRS at low amplifier gains and by the finite gain bandwidth at high gains. Therefore, an optimum gain value exists that maximizes the achievable output pulse energy.     

椭偏光散射分析类金刚石薄膜的散射特性

 基于光学薄膜反射椭偏法的测量原理,对光学薄膜散射椭偏特性进行了研究。给出了光学薄膜散射逆问题的解决方法,并对不同脉冲频率下采用脉冲真空电弧离子镀技术沉积的类金刚石薄膜的散射特性进行了研究。分析了光学薄膜界面的相关特性以及膜层中局部缺陷对散射光椭偏特性的影响。结果表明:随着脉冲频率的增加,所沉积的类金刚石薄膜的相关性变差,且薄膜中的局部缺陷引起的体散射越明显。     

Experimental study of ultrasound-modulated scattering light using different frequencies ultrasound probes

The focused ultrasound plays a role in localization and modulating the scattering light in ultrasound- modulated optical tomography （UOT）. Both the modulation efficiency of the scattering light and the spatial resolution of UOT are determined by ultrasound. The effects of repetition frequency and pulse energy of impulse ultrasound on the modulated scattering light are derived through experiment in this letter. Purthermore, we compare the imaging sensitivity with 1, 2.25, 5, and 10 MHz center frequencies of impulse ultrasound. Experimental results demonstrate that better signal-to-noise ratios and higher sensitivities can be gained by use of more intense ultrasound and lower ultrasound frequencies.     

受激布里渊散射介质CCl4中脉冲传输与功率限幅特性

分析了受激布里渊散射介质CCl4对纳秒激光脉冲的传输特性及功率限幅特性. 结果表明：透射脉冲波形随抽运光能量增加而压缩变形，脉冲前沿保持高斯型，后沿被压缩成功率“平台”，功率“平台”随抽运脉冲能量增加而逐渐变宽，但功率水平不变，表明该光学系统具有的功率限幅特性. 详细分析了功率限幅特性随抽运能量的变化规律和时间响应特性规律，采用脉宽为10ns、波长为1.06μm的Nd:YAG激光脉冲进行实验验证，理论与实验结论相符合.  关键词： 受激布里渊散射 功率限幅     

水的低频受激拉曼散射

利用532 nm的脉冲激光进行了水的受激拉曼散射研究. 水的低激发光能量下主要表现为受激Stocks和反Stocks 3426 cm^-1谱线; 在能量大于140 mJ时出现低频率313 cm^-1受激Stocks谱线, 同时出现后向3389和3268 cm^-1 的受激Stocks谱线. 实验结果表明, 在较强的激光作用下, 水的结构表现为冰的Ⅷ相.     

Preliminary experiment of the Thomson scattering X-ray source at Tsinghua University

The X-ray source based on Thomson scattering of ultrashort laser pulse with a relativistic electron beam is a means of generating a tunable, narrow bandwidth and ultrashort pulse of hard X-rays. Such a sub-picosecond hard X-ray source is proposed at Tsinghua University, and a preliminary experiment with a 16 MeV Backward Traveling electron linac and a 1.5 J, 6 ns Q-switched Nd:YAG laser is carried out first. A 6 ns pulse X-ray with a peak energy of 4.6 keV and an intensity of 1.7×104 per pulse is generated successfully in the experiment. The experimental setup, result and discussion are reported in this paper.     

受激布里渊散射脉冲压缩技术研究进展

受激布里渊散射（SBS）作为三阶光学效应广泛应用于激光组束、分布式光纤传感、布里渊激光器等领域。近年来,SBS脉冲压缩亦得到特殊关注。基于布里渊放大过程中的能量转移特性,SBS脉冲压缩技术能够将ns量级脉冲压缩至亚ns量级,峰值功率可提升1～2个数量级。系统介绍了SBS脉冲压缩基本理论,综合论述了SBS压缩器结构、增益介质、泵浦脉冲等因素对脉冲压缩特性的影响,并对SBS脉冲压缩发展趋势进行了展望,为今后SBS特性的研究提供了有益参考,也为高重频、高能量激光的获取提供了可行方案。     

对受激布里渊散射激光进行组束的数值模拟及方案设计

 提出了时间上串行的多路激光脉冲通过受激布里渊散射(SBS)池进行组束的方法,并对其进行了数值模拟研究。利用6束每束能量为45J的KrF激光进行组束, 可获得能量为141.89J,脉宽为670ps的Stokes输出光。根据模拟结果设计出了时间上串行的SBS激光组束的两个方案, 对其进行了讨论。数值模拟还发现在介质的增益系数更大、声子寿命更短的情况下,输出激光脉冲的脉宽可以压缩得更窄。     

Compton散射下超强激光等离子体通道的演化

应用多光子非线性Compton散射模型、空间动态补偿模型、非线性薛定谔方程和数值模拟方法,研究了Compton散射对超强飞秒激光等离子体中通道的影响,提出了将Compton散射光作为形成等离子体通道的新机制,给出了超强飞秒激光脉冲在等离子体中传播和电子密度随时间变化的非线性修正方程,并进行了数值模拟.研究发现:散射使等离子体中电子密度峰值增大1个量级,半径增大1 mm.激光最大功率密度被限制在10~(18)W/m~2以下,随传输距离增大缓慢衰减.传输初始阶段,单脉冲衰减能量较散射前增大2%,之后衰减较平缓.通过增加超强飞秒激光脉冲输入功率,能有效地增加电子密度峰值,有利于等离子体通道的形成.并对所的结论给出了初步物理解释.     

Eikonal expansion in electron scattering: I. Elastic scattering

A systematic eikonal expansion for the scattering of high-energy electrons from nuclei is derived which starts from the iterated Dirac equation. The resulting scattering amplitude is written in an impact parameter representation depending on eikonal phases which are proportional to inverse powers of the energy. The first two correction terms to the leading Glauber-Baker amplitude are calculated. For a Coulomb potential they agree with a sinθ-expansion of the relativistic Coulomb scattering amplitude. In the case of scattering from an extended charge distribution at sufficiently high energies numerical partial wave calculations are accurately reproduced.     

Compton散射下超强激光等离子体通道的演化

应用多光子非线性Compton散射模型、空间动态补偿模型、非线性薛定谔方程和数值模拟方法,研究了Compton散射对超强飞秒激光等离子体中通道的影响,提出了将Compton散射光作为形成等离子体通道的新机制,给出了超强飞秒激光脉冲在等离子体中传播和电子密度随时间变化的非线性修正方程,并进行了数值模拟。并研究发现：散射使等离子体中电子密度峰值增大1个量级,半径增大1mm。激光最大功率密度被限制在1018W/m2以下,随传输距离增大缓慢衰减。传输初始阶段,单脉冲衰减能量较散射前增大2%,之后衰减较平缓。通过增加超强飞秒激光脉冲输入功率,能有效地增加电子密度峰值,有利于等离子体通道的形成。并对所的结论给出了初步物理解释。