Principles of modeling in the study of conformations of histones

A study has been made by the CD method of the conformational potentialities of the polypeptides (Gly-Lys-Gly)_n and (Ala-Lys-Ala)_n and fragments of the terminal sections of histones H4 (the sequence 1–16), H2B (1–21), and H1 (152–184), and they have been used as models of histones in complex formation with DNA under various conditions of the medium.V. I. Nikitin Institute of Chemistry, Tadzhik SSR Academy of Sciences, Dushanbe. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 3, pp. 391–398, May–June, 1989.     

Demethylenedelpheline — A new diterpene alkaloid from Delphinium corumbosum

Abu Ali Ibn Sina [Avicenna] Tadzhik State Medical Institute, Dushanbe. Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Uzbek SSR Academy of Sciences, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 50–51, January–February, 1989.     

Structure of terdeline

A new alkaloid which has been called terdeline has been isolated from the epigeal part ofDelphinium ternatum. Its structure has been demonstrated on the basis of spectral characteristics and the preparation of a demethylene derivative, and also by direct passage from eldelidine to terdeline.Abu Ali Ibn Sina [Avicenna] Tadzhik State Medical Institute, Dushanbe. Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Uzbek SSR Academy of Sciences, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 3, pp. 396–399, May–June, 1988.     

Synthesis of protected oligopeptides representing fragements of histone fraction HI

Summary Protected oligopeptides corresponding to sequences (31–40) of histone fraction HI of rabbit thymus and (34–41) of histone fraction HI of calf thymus and a number of their analogs have been synthesized.Institute of Molecular Biology, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Moscow. Institute of Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Tadzhik SSR, Dushanbe. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 87–93, January–February, 1977.     

Protein content, activity and amino acid composition of proteinase inhibitors of seeds of some varieties of pea and their hybrids

The results are given of a study of the quantitative content of protein in the seeds of some pea varieties and mutants, the activity of the total inhibitor proteins, and correlations of their activity with the protein content of the seeds and the amino acid compositions of the proteinase inhibitors. Considerable differences have been found in the amounts of a number of amino acids of the protein inhibitors of parental varieties and mutants of the pea, the amounts of serine, glutamic acid, alanine, and valine correlating positively with the inhibitor activity.Institute of Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Tadzhik SSR Academy of Sciences, Dushanbe. V. I. Nikitin Institute of Chemistry, Tadzhik SSR Academy of Sciences, Dushanbe. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 3, pp. 399–404, May–June, 1988.     

Variety characteristics of soybean seeds in relation to protein and oil contents and activities of proteinase inhibitors

The protein and oil contents and the activity of proteinase inhibitors in six varieties of soybean have been studied. It has been found that the specific amidase activity of trypsin inhibitors ranges from 170 to 320 nominal units. Electrophoretic results indicates the presence in the water-soluble fraction of seven or eight components possessing inhibitor activity in relation to trypsin and chymotrypsin.Institute of Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Academy of Sciences of the Tadzhik SSR, Dushanbe. Institute of Molecular Biology, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Moscow. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 761–765, November–December, 1984.     

Reactions of lycoctonine alkaloids containing a 7,8-methylenedioxy group with Na in liquid ammonia

The reactions of 6-dehydroeldelidine and 6-dehydrodelcorine with sodium in liquid ammonia have been studied. Structures have been put forward for the compounds obtained. Features of the fragmentation of these compounds under electron impact are discussed.Abu Ali Ibn Sina [Avicenna] Tadzhik State Medical Institute, Dushanbe. Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Uzbek SSR Academy of Sciences, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 527–532, July–August, 1989.     

Determination of the cystine and cysteine contents of proteins with the aid of an amino acid analyzer

A method is proposed which permits the determination of the amounts of cystine an cysteine in the form pf systeic acid in various proteins of animal and plant origin — even in those in which, on the analysis of standard hydrolysates, the peaks of cysteine are not detected because of their low concentration.Institute of Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Tadzhik SSR, Dushanbe. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 551–554, July–August, 1985.     

Features of the mass spectra of lycoctonine bases with 7,8-methylenedioxy groups

The mass-spectral properties of 21 lycoctonine bases with 1-methyoxy-7,8-methyl-enedioxy groups have been studied and generalized. An influence of a methyl-enedioxy group of the nature of the substituents at C-6 and C-10, and of a ¹⁰⁽¹²⁾ bond on the fragmentation of the alkaloids and their derivatives has been found.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Abu Ali ibn Sina [Avicenna] Tadzhik State Medical Institute, Dushanbe. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 3, pp. 389–397, May–June, 1987.     

Reaction of C19-diterpene alkaloids with sodium in liquid ammonia

The reaction of C₁₉-diterpene alkaloids with sodium and liquid ammonia in the presence and in the absence of a proton donor — an alcohol — has been investigated. In the absence of the proton donor the hydroxy group is converted into a carbonyl group, which is characteristic only for C-6-hydroxy or -acetoxy derivatives.Abu Ali Ibn Sina [Avicenna] Tadzhik State Medical Institute, Dushanbe. Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Uzbek SSR Academy of Sciences, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 3, pp. 372–375, May–June, 1989.     

14-Acetylnudicaulidine and 18-deoxylycoctonine — New diterpene alkaloids from Delphinium confusum

Abu Ali Ibn Sina [Avicenna] Tadzhik State Medical Institute, Dushanbe. Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Uzbek SSR Academy of Sciences, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 48–50, January–February, 1989.     

Structure of a pectin homogalacturonan

A homogalacturonan has been isolated in the pure form from industrial apple pectin, and its structure has been studied by¹³C NMR spectroscopy. It has been shown that the apple pectin macromolecule consists mainly of linear macromolecules of homogalacturonan and a rhamnogalacturonan.V. I. Nikitin Institute of Chemistry, Tadzhikistan Republic Academy of Sciences, Dushanbe; and Scientific Research Institute of Blood Substitutes and Hormone Preparations, Moscow. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedeninii, No. 1, pp. 91–96, January–February, 1993.     

Amounts of protein and oil and activity of the trypsin inhibitor in different varieties of soybean

Fifteen varieties of soybean have been investigated for the amounts of protein, oil, and trypsin inhibitor that they contain. A high thermal stability of the latter has been detected. Information is given on the kinetics of the inhibition of the amidase and proteinase activity of trypsin. It has been shown that the trypsin inhibitor consists of a mixture of six proteins.Institute of Plant Biophysics and Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the Tadzhik SSR, Dushanbe. Institute of Molecular Biology, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Moscow. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 84–88, January–February, 1980.     

Structure of 14-acetylnudicaulidine

The structure of 14-acetylnudicaulidine has been confirmed by chemical transformations and spectral studies. A correlation has been made of nudicaulidine and demethylenedelpheline.Abuali ibn Sino [Avicenna] Tadzhik State Medical Institute, Dushanbe. Institute of Chemistry, Bashkir Scientific Center, Urals Branch, Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 547–549, July–August, 1991.     

Histones of the cotton plant. Molecular characteristics of histone H1

A characterization of the histones of two varieties of the cotton plant,Gossypium hirsutum andG. barbadense, has been given with the aid of various electrophoretic systems. Their molecular weights have been determined. An analysis has been made of the cleavage of histone H1 at tyrosine residues. The positive charge and the molecular length of histone H1 have been determined by the method of incomplete succinylation.V. I. Nikitin Institute of Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Tadzhik SSR, Dushanbe. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 491–497, July–August, 1986.     

Competitive bindings of histones with DNA in formation of plant nucleohistones

The nature of the relative affinity of histones for DNA has been studied with the aid of the electrophoretic analysis of the DNP complexes obtained by the addition of the total histone to a nuclear histone with a DNA:histone ratio of 1:1. It has been established that, on the addition of histone, complexes are formed the composition of which changes according to the degree of competition of the histone fractions. Some differences have been detected in the nature of the formation of nuclear histones of plant and animal origin due to features of the primary structure of the histones. The results obtained confirm a hypothesis put forward previously about the different strengths of the bonds of histones with DNA and the role of dissociation in the functioning of the genetic apparatus of the cells of higher organisms.V. I. Nikitin Institute of Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Tadzhik SSR, Dushanbe. Translated from Khimiya Prirodynkh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 865–868, November–December, 1988.     

Synthesis of the polypeptides (Ala-Orn-Orn)n and (Ala-Orn-Lys)n and their study as models of histones

The regular polypeptides (Ala-Orn-Orn)_n and (Ala-Orn-Lys)_n have been synthesized by the polycondensation of the 2,4,5-trichlorophenyl esters of the corresponding tripeptides, which were obtained by the mixed-anhydride method. Benzyloxycarbonyl and tert-butoxycarbonyl groups were used for blocking the amino groups. The polycondensation was performed in dimethylformamide in the presence of triethylamine at room temperature for 6 days. The benzyloxycarbonyl groups were eliminated from the side chains of the polypeptides with 35% hydrogen bromide in glacial acetic acid. It has been shown by the method of circular dichroism that the adoption of the conformation of an extended left-hand helix is characteristic for both polypeptides, which model the terminal sections of histones.V. I. Nikitin Institute of Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Tadzhik SSR, Dushanbe. Institute of Cytology, Adademy of Sciences of the USSR, Leningrad. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 206–211, March–April, 1981.     

Corpaine from Corydalis paczoskii

Conclusions Two possible structures for corpaine, a new alkaloid isolated fromCorydalis paczoskii, have been proposed.Institute of Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Tadzhik SSR. All-Union Scientific-Research Institute of Medicinal Plants. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 574–577, September–October, 1970.